Lin Runhui, Fan Jianhong, Zhao Yang, Zhang Hongjuan and Hou Rujing
The purpose of this paper is to focus on the relationship between the corporate governance (CG) environment, governance behavior and governance performance and place it into the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to focus on the relationship between the corporate governance (CG) environment, governance behavior and governance performance and place it into the research of the evolution and revolution of the Chinese telecommunication industry, a complex economic system.
Design/methodology/approach
On the basis of information about the Chinese telecommunication industry from 1949 to 2009 and China Mobile from 1997 to 2007, the authors analyze the Chinese telecommunication industry from two levels, namely industry level and firm level, with the combination of a critical incident method and time series method.
Findings
The results demonstrate that the evolution of the Chinese CG environment and governance behavior presents characteristics of punctuated equilibrium; governance behavior lags behind governance environment and it can cause the governance environment to evolve to benefit its development through exerting active effects; governance environment and governance performance strongly relate to and have an effect on each other; and the improvement of governance structure and mechanisms, together with the enhancement of strategic capability, can greatly contribute to the governance performance of firms.
Originality/value
This paper has divided the development of the Chinese telecommunication industry into four stages, revealing the relationship between governance environment, governance behavior and governance performance with a case study of the Chinese telecommunication industry and China Mobile.
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Runhui Lin, Hongjuan Zhang, Jianhong Fan and Rujing Hou
This paper seeks to explore the evolution of a third generation mobile communications (3G) industry based on TD‐SCDMA technical standard in China through the lens of network…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper seeks to explore the evolution of a third generation mobile communications (3G) industry based on TD‐SCDMA technical standard in China through the lens of network analysis.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors argue that inter‐firm alliances help companies gain and integrate internal and external resources and foster technical innovation. The paper analyzes alliance governance structures and governance mechanisms in particular, and shows how they protect and improve network‐based innovation capabilities and competitive advantages during a ten‐year period with the method of social network analysis and case studies.
Findings
The authors offer a theoretical model that incorporates cooperation among organizations, the maturity of the industrial chain, and the accumulation of organizational knowledge and social capital.
Originality/value
The paper offers a theoretical model of factors that contributes greatly to the development of technical innovation.
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Wenhao Wang, Rujing Shi, Wei Zhang, Haibin Sun, Xiaolu Ge and Chengfeng Li
The purpose of this paper is to improve the generation efficiency of singlet oxygen of methylene blue molecules through finely controlling their aggregation states in drug…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to improve the generation efficiency of singlet oxygen of methylene blue molecules through finely controlling their aggregation states in drug carriers.
Design/methodology/approach
As a photosensitiser in photodynamic therapy, methylene blue (MB) was loaded on citrate-modified hydroxyapatite (HAp) through an electrostatic interaction and followed by encapsulation of coordination complexes of tannic acid (TA) and Fe(III) ions. Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum of the supernatant after incubation of samples was recorded at certain time interval to investigate the release behaviour of MB. Photodynamic activity of MB was determined by the oxidation reaction of uric acid by singlet oxygen generated by MB under illumination.
Findings
Almost all MB molecules were immediately released from HAp-MB, whilst an initial burst release of MB from HAp-MB@TA was followed by a sustainable and pH-sensitised release. In comparison with HAp-MB, photocatalystic reduction of HAp-MB@TA by titanium dioxide hardly occurred under illumination, indicating the stability against reduction to leukomethylene blue in vitro. Generation efficiency of singlet oxygen by MB released from HAp-MB@TA was significantly higher than that from HAp-MB because of the control of TA and Fe(III) ions complexes on molecular structures of released MB.
Originality/value
A facile method was herein demonstrated to optimise the generation efficiency of singlet oxygen by controlling aggregation states of PS molecules and improve PDT efficiency to damage tumour tissues.
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Gloria Weng Kei Kam and Eilo Wing Yat Yu
The purpose of this paper is to understand the regime–youth relationship in Macao. It will use the framework by Weiss and Aspinall (2012) to explain the rise of Macao youth…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to understand the regime–youth relationship in Macao. It will use the framework by Weiss and Aspinall (2012) to explain the rise of Macao youth activism and the de-harmonization of their relationship with the authorities.
Design/methodology/approach
According to Weiss and Aspinall, the emergence of youth movements in Asia after the Second World War was based on four factors: the development higher education systems, youth’s collective identities, youth’s trust in the ruling regime and transnational flows of activist ideas and inspirations. This paper analyzes the rise of Macao youth through the four dimensions by Weiss and Aspinall.
Findings
The rise of Macao youth movement is attributable to the development of tertiary education, youth’s collective identities, lowered trust in the regime and international inspiration. Better-educated Macao youth have been increasing their demands for political participation while their distrust in the MSAR government pushes their mobilization. The rise of youth movements around the world after the millennium inspires Macao youth activists’ political mobilization. Interestingly, Macao’s youth movement has been gradually integrated into the opposition forces instead of campaigning by youth organizations. In response to youth activism, the MSAR government, however, could not alleviate the youth’s hostility against the authorities, but its repressive approach intensified the regime-youth tension.
Originality/value
The paper includes interviews with leaders of young activists for their understanding of youth movement in Macao. It can serve the purpose for comparative study of youth movement among Asian societies.
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Egor D. Nikulin, Marat V. Smirnov, Andrei A. Sviridov and Olesya V. Bandalyuk
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the specifics of the relationship between audit committee characteristics and earnings management in Russian listed companies. This…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the specifics of the relationship between audit committee characteristics and earnings management in Russian listed companies. This research is driven by the possibility of placing this relationship within the context of a specific institutional environment for company performance.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors apply a panel study of 184 Russian listed companies for the period 2014–2018. In addition to the standard fixed effects model, the authors test the results for potential endogeneity with two-stage least squares (2SLS) analysis.
Findings
The results show that audit committee representation on the board of directors results in some mitigation of earnings management. Results reveal that a higher level of audit committee independence and the presence of financial expertise on the committee are associated with lower earnings management. However, companies with relatively busy directors on audit committees are more inclined to practice earnings management. The study’s findings hold after testing for endogeneity of audit committee independence. The authors also reveal that some audit committee characteristics (for example, audit committee independence; its level of expertise) alleviate earnings management in listed state-owned companies (SOEs) more strongly than in listed non-SOEs.
Originality/value
The results add to the ongoing debate on the role of corporate governance mechanisms in mitigating earnings management in emerging markets by taking into account the type of ownership (state-owned vs private) as a moderating variable. This study reveals, in particular, that the effect of certain audit committee characteristics on earnings management is more prominent in listed SOEs than in listed non-SOEs.
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Nguyen Minh Ha and Bui Hoang Ngoc
The study aims to discover the spatial relationship between financial development, energy consumption and economic growth in 11 ASIA countries, using panel data from 1980 to 2016.
Abstract
Purpose
The study aims to discover the spatial relationship between financial development, energy consumption and economic growth in 11 ASIA countries, using panel data from 1980 to 2016.
Design/methodology/approach
The study applies three popular spatial models, namely, (1) spatial error model (SEM), (2) spatial autoregressive model (SAR) and (3) spatial Durbin model (SDM), to explore the direct and spillover effect of financial development and energy consumption on economic growth. Furthermore, a novel test proposed by Juodis et al. (2020) is employed to check the Granger non-causality between each pair of variables.
Findings
The empirical outcomes found direct and spillover effects of financial development and energy consumption on economic growth in 11 ASIA countries. Accordingly, an expansion of the financial development in country i is beneficial for the growth of the host country and neighboring countries, and vice versa. However, an increase in energy consumption in country i leads to a decrease in the economic growth of neighboring countries. The test of Granger non-causality indicated a bidirectional causality between financial development and economic growth, and unidirectional causality running from economic growth to energy consumption.
Research limitations/implications
Spillover effects of financial development and energy consumption on growth have largely been ignored in previous studies, especially in emerging countries. Thus, the study enriches the literature and provides some policy implications for ASIA countries.
Practical implications
Spillover effects of financial development and energy consumption on growth have largely been ignored in previous studies, especially in emerging countries. Thus, the study enriches the literature and provides some policy implications for ASIA countries.
Originality/value
Spillover effects of financial development and energy consumption on growth have largely been ignored in previous studies, especially in emerging countries. Thus, the study enriches the literature and provides some policy implications for ASIA countries.
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Mahipal Singh, Rajeev Rathi and Mahender Singh Kaswan
This paper aims to uncover the significance of capacity, capacity utilization (CU) and its role in the quality and productivity improvement in an industrial environment. Besides…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to uncover the significance of capacity, capacity utilization (CU) and its role in the quality and productivity improvement in an industrial environment. Besides, the current study is also aiming to explore the various ways to estimate CU and its status across the world.
Design/methodology/approach
In the present study, a comprehensive literature review on capacity and CU is carried out to expose the research direction in the field of CU. This work is primarily focused on capacity, CU and their estimation methods based on the research in various industries of different countries and current status in present scenario across the world.
Findings
The literature reveals that CU estimation is carried out by some government/central agencies at the national or sector level rather than the industry level in most of the productive nations. As far as industrial growth is concerned, capacity management should be carried out at a particular industry level so that engineering managers can be able to find out loopholes for huge capacity waste within the plant. It is observed that CU in the industrial sectors mainly computed by time series method, survey method, economic approach and engineering approach worldwide.
Research limitations/implications
This paper tries to cover almost all research work in the field of CU in various industrial sectors. However, the organizations which are producing the product with limited demand may get benefit inadequately.
Practical implications
This paper provides a vision to management toward productivity improvement through optimal utilization of available resources. As in most organizations, CU issues are much neglected areas.
Originality/value
This paper provides valuable insights on capacity and CU in the industrial sector across the world. Besides, it focused on comprehensive literature of capacity and various methods to estimate CU in industrial sectors.