Paulo Silva Lobo, Mariana Jesus and Paulo S.A. Freitas
In this paper a model for the prediction of the failure strain of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) sheets is proposed, based on a significant database consisting of results reported…
Abstract
Purpose
In this paper a model for the prediction of the failure strain of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) sheets is proposed, based on a significant database consisting of results reported in the literature for concrete columns with circular cross-section confined with carbon, glass and aramid fiber reinforced polymers. This study aims to analyze the aforementioned model.
Design/methodology/approach
Significant experimental research on the confinement of columns externally wrapped with FRP has been carried out in the last decades. Several models of confined concrete have been proposed using different approaches for the prediction of the failure strain of FRP sheets. The majority of those proposals were developed to be simple, thus significant differences with experimental results can be found.
Findings
The results of a total of 572 specimens were considered. Statistical analysis was used to derive a regression model, which relates the outcome to a set of predictors of interest using linear assumptions.
Originality/value
The proposed model is shown to be more accurate than other proposals found in the literature.
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Keywords
Carolina Faria Tavares, Marisa Lipi, Dirce Maria Lobo Marchioni and Maria Elisabeth Machado Pinto e Silva
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the energy density (ED) of preparations served by a food service and develop and evaluate the acceptability of preparations in which the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the energy density (ED) of preparations served by a food service and develop and evaluate the acceptability of preparations in which the ED was reduced by substitution and/or reduction of fat and sugar.
Design/methodology/approach
The preparations served most frequently by a food service were identified and described using datasheets. Nutritional assessment of the preparations was performed while the ED was estimated by the ratio of energy value to final weight of the preparations. The preparations were analyzed for their sensory characteristics and reproducibility. Sensory analysis was performed using acceptability and affective tests. The scores obtained on the hedonic scale (1‐9) were assessed by ANOVA and Tukey's test.
Findings
The percentage difference between the ED of traditional and modified preparations showed an ED reduction of 6 to 28 per cent in savory preparations and 5 to 63 per cent in sweet preparations. Preparations that had an average acceptance of greater than or equal to 7 were considered acceptable. All preparations were considered acceptable by the judges. Many preparations depend on ingredients with high ED for their success and removing these ingredients can undermine acceptance of the preparation. It is important to understand the role of each ingredient in recipes as a whole, in order to retain the characteristics and palatability of preparations.
Originality/value
The reduction of ED in preparations is an effective strategy for reducing energy intake and increasing weight loss, where ED of preparations can be reduced while maintaining the level of acceptability.
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Armindo Lobo, Paulo Sampaio and Paulo Novais
This study proposes a machine learning framework to predict customer complaints from production line tests in an automotive company's lot-release process, enhancing Quality 4.0…
Abstract
Purpose
This study proposes a machine learning framework to predict customer complaints from production line tests in an automotive company's lot-release process, enhancing Quality 4.0. It aims to design and implement the framework, compare different machine learning (ML) models and evaluate a non-sampling threshold-moving approach for adjusting prediction capabilities based on product requirements.
Design/methodology/approach
This study applies the Cross-Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) and four ML models to predict customer complaints from automotive production tests. It employs cost-sensitive and threshold-moving techniques to address data imbalance, with the F1-Score and Matthews correlation coefficient assessing model performance.
Findings
The framework effectively predicts customer complaint-related tests. XGBoost outperformed the other models with an F1-Score of 72.4% and a Matthews correlation coefficient of 75%. It improves the lot-release process and cost efficiency over heuristic methods.
Practical implications
The framework has been tested on real-world data and shows promising results in improving lot-release decisions and reducing complaints and costs. It enables companies to adjust predictive models by changing only the threshold, eliminating the need for retraining.
Originality/value
To the best of our knowledge, there is limited literature on using ML to predict customer complaints for the lot-release process in an automotive company. Our proposed framework integrates ML with a non-sampling approach, demonstrating its effectiveness in predicting complaints and reducing costs, fostering Quality 4.0.
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Keywords
Marcus Vinicius Rosário da Silva, Marcelo Jasmim Meiriño, Julio Vieira Neto Vieira Neto and Sheila Walbe Ornstein
An interaction between emerging technologies (ETs) for facility management (FM) activities and stakeholder skills is necessary to promote the optimization of FM performance…
Abstract
Purpose
An interaction between emerging technologies (ETs) for facility management (FM) activities and stakeholder skills is necessary to promote the optimization of FM performance. Previous studies do not show strategies for the selection of ETs in FM considering the technological competencies of stakeholders. Thus, this study analyzes the interactions between ETs and FM from the perceptions of Brazilian professionals, identifying the most appropriate and effective technological solutions, based on a broad literature review.
Design/methodology/approach
The steps of the methodology are as follows: systematic literature review (SLR); detailing the ETs for FM; online questionnaire based on SLR findings; sample of Brazilian FM professionals; statistical treatment; and discussion.
Findings
Results indicate wireless sensor network, Internet of Thing, building information modeling and Big Data as ETs in FM with greater potential for optimization in the performance of FM activities, from survey respondents.
Research limitations/implications
The scope of possible findings may have been biased, considering the small number of research participants and current transformations resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic (e.g. changes to standard operating procedures).
Practical implications
The results ensure greater security to facility managers in the effective implementation of ETs in FM activities.
Originality/value
The research explores the published studies and the consultation with Brazilian FM professionals in the selection of ETs.
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Nicholas Alexander and Marcelo de Lira e Silva
This paper considers the development of emerging retail markets with particular reference to Brazil. The South American region has only relatively recently seen the level of…
Abstract
This paper considers the development of emerging retail markets with particular reference to Brazil. The South American region has only relatively recently seen the level of international retail interest previously seen in other global regions such as East Asia. The paper considers the development of retailing in Brazil and the impact of internationally derived innovation and direct international retail activity in the market. It considers concepts of retail internationalisation in the light of the Brazilian experience. The paper highlights important issues with respect to South America’s place in the evolution of global retailing.
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Julian M. Müller, Nikolai Kazantsev, Richard Allmendinger, Amirhossein Salehi-Amiri, Jacqueline Zonichenn Reis, Shaden Jaradat, Helena Bartolo and Paulo Jorge Da Silva Bartolo
This conceptual paper aims to present a perspective on how to engineer sustainability through the prism of Industry 4.0 technologies and outline propositions to guide future…
Abstract
Purpose
This conceptual paper aims to present a perspective on how to engineer sustainability through the prism of Industry 4.0 technologies and outline propositions to guide future research.
Design/methodology/approach
This study presents a literature review developing four research propositions, focusing on the nine leading technologies underpinning Industry 4.0 to engineer economic, environmental and social sustainability dimensions.
Findings
The authors derive benefits and challenges of Industry 4.0 technologies across all three business model elements: value creation, value delivery and value capture. The authors derive those for the economic, environmental and social dimensions of sustainability. Thereupon, we develop several propositions for future research.
Practical implications
The authors provide suggestions to practice how to better achieve value in all three sustainability dimensions through implementing a business model perspective, ecosystem thinking, societal demands and Data Governance and AI integration.
Social implications
By linking societal aspects of Industry 4.0 technologies with environmental, and economic aspects, the authors provide several suggestions how to implement Industry 4.0. For instance, policymakers are recommended to support entire ecosystems than isolated solutions.
Originality/value
The paper contributes to extant literature by conceptualising how Industry 4.0 can leverage value in reaching sustainability in all three dimensions and produce broader ecosystems-wide impacts.
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Mitchell A. Petersen, Alex Williamson and Rajiv Chopra
At the end of 2011, one of the largest food retailers in Brazil, Grupo Pão de Açúcar, or GPA (a subsidiary of Companhia Brasileira De Distribuição, or CBD), was reviewing its…
Abstract
At the end of 2011, one of the largest food retailers in Brazil, Grupo Pão de Açúcar, or GPA (a subsidiary of Companhia Brasileira De Distribuição, or CBD), was reviewing its accounts payable terms with suppliers in search of additional value. Manager of analytics Maria Cristina Santos was examining the trade credit terms GPA had with Oalem Ltda, a family-owned melon grower located in northeastern Brazil. Oalem, like most small family businesses, was financed with bank loans and equity that was held predominantly by the family. The case examines how accounts payable (trade credit) terms should be set or negotiated between a large retailer and a small supplier, especially when the bargaining power between the two may not be equal. The case demonstrates that trade credit terms can be as important as the terms of more traditional forms of financing.
After analyzing and discussing the case, students should be able to:
Determine when it is efficient or value-increasing for one nonfinancial firm to borrow from another nonfinancial firm through trade credit, as opposed to borrowing from financial institutions (e.g., banks) or financial markets
Understand how competition or relative bargaining power can influence feasible and optimal trade credit terms
Explain why trade credit can be a cheaper form of financing than the alternative forms of financing available to small family businesses like Oalem Ltda
Determine when it is efficient or value-increasing for one nonfinancial firm to borrow from another nonfinancial firm through trade credit, as opposed to borrowing from financial institutions (e.g., banks) or financial markets
Understand how competition or relative bargaining power can influence feasible and optimal trade credit terms
Explain why trade credit can be a cheaper form of financing than the alternative forms of financing available to small family businesses like Oalem Ltda
Details
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Keywords
Cecilia Lobo Araujo, Marc Eric Barda Picavet, Cristina Aparecida Pires de Souza Sartoretto, Enrico Dalla Riva and Paulo Sodre Hollaender
This study aims to propose a framework to drive organizations, and particularly multinational enterprises, to understand and internalize a sustainable mindset for implementing…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to propose a framework to drive organizations, and particularly multinational enterprises, to understand and internalize a sustainable mindset for implementing efficient and effective corporate sustainability initiatives and helping them achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs).
Design/methodology/approach
The framework is based on the bidirectional iterative process of the flexible pattern matching methodology. The literature on ecocentric management was examined from top to bottom in its dialogue with corporate sustainability and corporate social responsibility (CSR). The bottom-up phase was based on highly visible deviant cases of companies that were significantly recognized for their CSR or for their sustainability programs but became well-known examples of unsustainability. Additionally, an illustrative case was analyzed to examine the mindset in practice.
Findings
The study offers a framework based on six constructs that were identified in ecocentric management literature. It translates the ecocentric management mindset framework into behaviors for organizations that want to conduct efficient sustainable programs that help them achieve the SDGs.
Originality/value
The proposed new framework highlights the conceptual pillars of ecocentric management, and offers practical and theoretical perspectives on how sustainability can be better addressed at the corporate level, and help achieve the SDGs.
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Cintia Pereira da Silva, Aline Cristina Bento and Elaine Guaraldo
The purpose of this scoping review was to summarise the general results of the Chilean Food Law implementation to help to understand how this policy has changed consumer's…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this scoping review was to summarise the general results of the Chilean Food Law implementation to help to understand how this policy has changed consumer's behaviour.
Design/methodology/approach
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines were followed. Five databases were searched for studies published from January 2015 to February 2020 evaluating the Chilean population's perception, behaviour and purchasing habits of processed foods.
Findings
The results showed that consumers support the implementation of a front-of-package warning label (FOPWL) and thought it a good strategy to help make healthier food choices for themselves. However, even with a positive perception about these products, the intention-to-change the purchase of unhealthy food occurred only for sugar-sweetened beverages. Meanwhile, children did not stop eating foods that had a FOPWL, although the mothers' perception was that the presence of FOPWLs could be important to differentiate unhealthy from healthy products. The availability of products with FOPWLs at schools decreased, indicating that the law was being complied with and that the child-directed marketing strategy showed a reduction after the first phase of implementation.
Practical implications
This evidence will guide other countries about in understanding and improving this policy.
Originality/value
This is the first study to gather research available in international databases that evaluated the results of the Chilean Law on the advertising of children's food and the perception, purchase intention, reformulation of products and consumption behaviour of the Chilean population.