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Article
Publication date: 10 June 2019

Katherine Kirkpatrick, Christine Savage, Russell Johnston and Matthew Hanson

To understand and analyze sanctions evasion and enforcement via virtual currencies.

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Abstract

Purpose

To understand and analyze sanctions evasion and enforcement via virtual currencies.

Design/methodology/approach

Discusses various jurisdictions’ attempts to further the use of virtual currency to facilitate and maximize access to international funds; analyzes the aspects that make virtual currency uniquely suited to evade sanctions; suggests best practices for industry participants to be sure to account for the differences in crypto asset structure and related risks.

Findings

The US Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) has explicitly stated that despite virtual currency’s anonymity, industry participants are still responsible for policing and enforcing client compliance. Although sanctioned jurisdictions are thinking creatively about ways around SWIFT, the use of virtual currency to skirt sanctions presents certain challenges.

Practical implications

Virtual currency industry participants should understand OFAC’s specific guidance regarding compliance obligations in the cryptocurrency space, and should implement best practices and conservative measures to avoid unknowingly running afoul of sanctions laws.

Originality/value

Expert analysis and guidance from experienced investigations and sanctions lawyers.

Details

Journal of Investment Compliance, vol. 20 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1528-5812

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Book part
Publication date: 10 December 2024

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Neurodiversity and Entrepreneurship
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83753-798-3

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Publication date: 5 September 2018

Maura J. Mills and Leanne M. Tortez

We review the state of the literature concerning work–family conflict in the military, focusing on service members’ parenting roles and overall family and child well-being. This…

Abstract

We review the state of the literature concerning work–family conflict in the military, focusing on service members’ parenting roles and overall family and child well-being. This includes recognition that for many women service members, parenting considerations often arise long before a child is born, thereby further complicating work–family conflict considerations in regard to gender-specific conflict factors such as pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum, and breastfeeding. Subsequently, we consider more gender-invariant conflict factors, such as the nature of the work itself as causing conflict for the service member as parent (e.g., nontraditional hours, long separations, and child care challenges) as well as for the child (e.g., irregular contact with parent, fear for parent’s safety, and frequent relocations), and the ramifications of such conflict on service member and child well-being. Finally, we review formalized support resources that are in place to mitigate negative effects of such conflict, and make recommendations to facilitate progress in research and practice moving forward.

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Occupational Stress and Well-Being in Military Contexts
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78756-184-7

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Publication date: 10 December 2024

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Neurodiversity and Entrepreneurship
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83753-798-3

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Publication date: 10 December 2024

Eric Patton

This chapter focuses on the contextual conditions around which entrepreneurship is a positive option for individuals on the autism spectrum. Drawing on omnibus and discrete…

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This chapter focuses on the contextual conditions around which entrepreneurship is a positive option for individuals on the autism spectrum. Drawing on omnibus and discrete context (Johns, 2006) and on research on other forms for neurodiversity and entrepreneurship, this chapter explains the who, what, where, when, and why of entrepreneurship and autism. Aimed at encouraging future scholarship in this under-research area, the chapter underlines the connections between entrepreneurship and common characteristics of individuals on the spectrum, issues of motivation and self-efficacy, the option of social entrepreneurship, and the importance of formal and informal support networks.

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Neurodiversity and Entrepreneurship
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83753-798-3

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Publication date: 10 December 2024

Carolin Auschra and Johanna Mai

This literature review provides an overview of previous research on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and entrepreneurship. After introducing the relevance of the…

Abstract

This literature review provides an overview of previous research on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and entrepreneurship. After introducing the relevance of the topic and discussing different perspectives on ADHD and entrepreneurship, this chapter reviews 26 academic journal publications. In the first step, it reports how authors of empirical studies have measured ADHD and reveals a dominance of quantitative research designs. In the second step, it presents insights from previous research on ADHD and the likelihood of becoming an entrepreneur, the relationship between ADHD and entrepreneurial intentions or preferences, the translation of entrepreneurial preferences into entrepreneurial actions, and finally, ADHD and entrepreneurial performance. The literature review finds that previous research has not yet provided conclusive results on the relations between ADHD and entrepreneurship. In the third step, therefore, this chapter outlines avenues for further research.

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Neurodiversity and Entrepreneurship
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83753-798-3

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Publication date: 10 December 2024

Mark E. Moore and Lana L. Huberty

Employers' lack of understanding of neurodiversity, coupled with a mismatch between job skills and workplace demands, contributes to this employment gap. In response to these…

Abstract

Employers' lack of understanding of neurodiversity, coupled with a mismatch between job skills and workplace demands, contributes to this employment gap. In response to these challenges, neurodiverse individuals often consider entrepreneurship, with research indicating a propensity for entrepreneurial alertness and innovative benefits within the neurodiverse population.

Applying a strategic management lens, this chapter argued that neurodiverse entrepreneurs should adopt a strategic approach to enhance the success of their ventures. It introduced propositions emphasizing the importance of strategic management, strategic positioning, and various drivers such as formalization, entrepreneurial venture size, strategic level, industrial type, organizational leadership, and the strategic positioning implementation mix.

The strategic position was highlighted as a crucial aspect for neurodiverse entrepreneurs, advocating for the adoption of a strategic positioning mindset to navigate uncertain environments. Specific propositions suggest that strategic positioning can lead to enhanced financial wealth, personal satisfaction, and individual strengths among neurodiverse entrepreneurs. Additionally, this chapter explored strategic positioning drivers such as formalization, entrepreneurial venture size, strategic level, industrial type, organizational leadership, and the strategic positioning implementation mix.

In conclusion, this chapter highlighted the importance of strategic positioning for neurodiverse entrepreneurs seeking success in the competitive business landscape. Theoretical and practical implications were discussed, emphasizing the need for further research on factors contributing to a strategic mindset and metrics for monitoring the effectiveness of strategically positioned enterprises. Overall, adopting a strategic approach can empower neurodiverse entrepreneurs to overcome barriers, legitimize their businesses, and increase their chances of entrepreneurial success.

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Publication date: 10 December 2024

Sharon Zivkovic

The term neurodiversity is used to discuss human neurological variation, differences in human cognition, and a social movement that aims to change the way that society views and…

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The term neurodiversity is used to discuss human neurological variation, differences in human cognition, and a social movement that aims to change the way that society views and responds to people who are neurodivergent. While the cognitive differences associated with autism are often discussed in terms of deficits, in recent years autistic autism researchers have been reframing autistic cognition from a neurodiversity-affirming lens that illuminates autistic strengths. Based on characteristics of autistic cognition from a neurodiversity-affirming perspective, this chapter describes neurodiversity-affirming autistic social entrepreneurship and systems thinking approaches and argues that all autistic-owned and -led businesses that align with the mission of the neurodiversity movement are by definition social enterprises. It is hoped that this chapter will assist in reframing autistic cognition from its current deficit conception and encourage the development of business support services that are more appropriate for autistic social entrepreneurs.

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Neurodiversity and Entrepreneurship
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83753-798-3

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Publication date: 10 December 2024

Michael Brown and Anica Zeyen

This chapter suggests that self-employment or entrepreneurship can constitute an alternative to employment for neurodivergent people. While this is a suitable and successful…

Abstract

This chapter suggests that self-employment or entrepreneurship can constitute an alternative to employment for neurodivergent people. While this is a suitable and successful option for many, we explore the experience of one entrepreneur who was, and remains, very reluctant in his entrepreneurial endeavors. We use Michael's firsthand autobiographical accounts to showcase his struggle before and during entrepreneurship and its impact on his physical and mental health. We conclude with some reflections on his experience and highlight what the literature on neurodivergent entrepreneurs can learn from it.

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Neurodiversity and Entrepreneurship
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83753-798-3

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Publication date: 10 December 2024

Rachel Torres, Marianna Schroeder and Amy Jane Griffiths

Autistic individuals are employed and access higher education opportunities at significantly lower rates than their nondisabled peers (US Bureau of Labor Statistics [BLS], 2023;…

Abstract

Autistic individuals are employed and access higher education opportunities at significantly lower rates than their nondisabled peers (US Bureau of Labor Statistics [BLS], 2023; Newman, 2015). Schools are an optimal setting for intervention as most individuals access the school setting. However, traditional support to facilitate postsecondary transition effectively, such as transition plans, is currently lacking (Greene, 2018; Hughes et al., 2023). The authors of the present chapter conducted a systematic review to identify school-based interventions available for autistic youth intended to support the transition from high school to higher education, entrepreneurship, and employment. The data extraction methods used by the authors identified 19 articles on interventions. Across all studies, the authors found variation in the extent to which researchers addressed entrepreneurial skills and identified two key skill development areas across different intervention modalities: employability skills and interpersonal communication skills. Based on these results, the authors discuss available school-based programming intended to prepare autistic youth for postsecondary careers and entrepreneurial opportunities and the implications of existing interventions for practitioners and researchers interested in improving outcomes for autistic students as they transition to the workplace, particularly entrepreneurial endeavors.

Details

Neurodiversity and Entrepreneurship
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83753-798-3

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