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Computer networks are very complex and somewhat unpredictable systems in dynamic operations. Cybernetic modelling, incorporating stochastic, fuzzy variables, wherever appropriate, approximating interactions not easily tractable via a black‐box systems approach, may be more accurate. A method of analysis of computer networks is considered by representing subsystems and interactions, accurately as far as possible, and then utilising the results of systems sciences for analysis, including specifics, e.g. queuing systems. The aim is to identify correspondences between the behaviour of subsystems of networks and suitable analytic tools. Automation along such lines for the analysis and design of networks and other systems may be a possibility.

Discusses a class of integral equations known as the famous Wiener‐Hopf equation which has interesting practical applications in stochastic systems like queues, network queues or water reservoir systems.

Discusses the application of Wiener’s diffusion model as applied in engineering and physics. Shows how the model can be used in dealing with problems that arise in economic planning. Describes the scope of cybernetic thinking in the problems of planning in the Indian context. Gives details of the model’s application in this connection for the trends in growth levels of gross domestic product (GDP). Outlines its application to a problem of regional development.

Explores how a cybernetic approach can help in comprehending problems in macro‐economics of the future for a megasystem like a large developing country, such as India. Some of the principles evolved can also be applied more generally to other countries.

One aspect of American inadequacy in developing new international markets is the weakness in American personal communication with other cultures. If we cannot communicate effectively with persons from other cultures, we will forever be at a disadvantage in trading with them.

The data structuring mechanisms provided by the current problem solving environment have been found to satisfy modeling the problem solutions for common decision making processes of a static nature, whereas problems of a complex nature (e.g. resource management and optimization) need an abstract data structuring mechanism capable of emulating real‐life objects (e.g. human managers). This paper explains the concept of developing a new data structure based on a semantic network called SYSTEM MAP and shows how this novel data structure can be used to model expert resource management systems of a particularly hierarchical type.

Presents a view of the combinations of the levels of social, political, economical, cultural and technological (SPECT) factors at different points in time pertaining to a human society (or a country) to gain a perspective of the development process. In this direction, a system called SPECT has been recognized in the form of a cybernetic system which is defined by the elements of which it is composed, and by the mutual relations among them. In the broad sense, a set defines the levels of input elements of SPECT factors at a particular point in time; and another set includes the rules of operation, inter‐relationships and its relationship with the external environment. Further, considers a coupling between two SPECT systems in respect of the two societies (or countries) and the vector space properties used for their analysis.