Prelims

Half Title Page

Advances in Hospitality and Leisure

Series Title Page

Advances in Hospitality and Leisure

Series Editor: Joseph S. Chen

Editorial Board

Editorial Review Board

North America

• Rachel J.C. Fu

• University of Florida, USA

• Colin Johnson

• San Francisco State University, USA

• Valentini Kalargyrou

• University of New Hampshire, USA

• H.G. Parsa

• University of Denver, USA

• Arun Upneja

• Boston University, USA

• John Williams

• University of Massachusetts, USA

Europe

• Marcjanna Augustyn

• Bournemouth University, UK

• Rober Bloome

• Nyenrode Business Universiteit, The Netherlands

• Arimin Brysch

• University of Applied Sciences, Germany

• Yuksel Ekinci

• University of Reading, UK

• Oysten Jensen

• University of Stavanger, Norway

• Metin Kozak

• Dokuz Eylul University, Turkey

• Willy Legrand

• International University of Applied Sciences, Germany

Asia/Pacific

• You-De Dai

• National Chi-Nan University, Taiwan ROC

• Shen Han

• Fudan University, China

• Tzung-Cheng Huan

• National Chia-Yi University, Taiwan ROC

• Bruce Prideaux

• Prince of Songkla University, Thailand; Central Queensland University, Australia

• Michelle Thompson

• Central Queensland University, Australia

Title Page

Advances in Hospitality and Leisure Volume 19

Advances in Hospitality and Leisure

Edited by

Joseph S. Chen

Indiana University, USA

United Kingdom – North America – Japan – India – Malaysia – China

Copyright Page

Emerald Publishing Limited

Emerald Publishing, Floor 5, Northspring, 21-23 Wellington Street, Leeds LS1 4DL

First edition 2024

Editorial matter and selection © 2024 Joseph S. Chen.

Individual chapters © 2024 The authors.

Published under exclusive licence by Emerald Publishing Limited.

Reprints and permissions service

Contact: www.copyright.com

No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without either the prior written permission of the publisher or a licence permitting restricted copying issued in the UK by The Copyright Licensing Agency and in the USA by The Copyright Clearance Center. Any opinions expressed in the chapters are those of the authors. Whilst Emerald makes every effort to ensure the quality and accuracy of its content, Emerald makes no representation implied or otherwise, as to the chapters' suitability and application and disclaims any warranties, express or implied, to their use.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

ISBN: 978-1-83753-091-5 (Print)

ISBN: 978-1-83753-090-8 (Online)

ISBN: 978-1-83753-092-2 (Epub)

ISSN: 1745-3542 (Series)

List of Contributors

Aims and Submission Guidelines

Advances in Hospitality and Leisure (AHL), a double-blind peer view journal published annually since 2004, attempts to promote seminal and innovative research outputs pertaining to hospitality, leisure, tourism, and lifestyle. Specifically, this journal encourages researchers to investigate new research issues and problems that are critical but have been largely ignored while providing a forum that will disseminate singular thoughts advancing empirical undertakings both theoretically and methodologically.

This 19th annual volume includes seven full papers and one research note. As for data collection, the articles present a quantitative research method. The contributors to the present issue come from six nations/regions entailing Australia, China, Germany, Thailand, Taiwan, and the United States of America.

For submission to future issues, please review the following guidelines.

• Originality of Manuscript: The manuscript should represent an original work that has never been published elsewhere nor is being considering for publication elsewhere.

• Style and Length of Manuscript: 12 pt Times Roman font; double spacing; APA; 7,000 words (Full Paper) or 4,000 words (Research Note).

• Layout of Manuscript: First page: title of paper and author contact information; second page: title of paper, an abstract of 120–140 words, and keywords; third page and beyond: main text, appendix, references, figures, and tables.

• Text of Manuscript: For literature review articles, please include introduction, critical literature review, problems in past research, and suggestions for future research. For empirical research papers, please include introduction, methods, findings and discussions, and conclusion.

AHL requires electronic submission. Please send an email attachment with a Word format to the editor Dr. Joseph Chen (joechen@iu.edu) or send a CD to Tourism, Hospitality and Event Management, Department of Health and Wellness Design, School of Public Health Building #133, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405-7109, USA.