Adaptation

, 195–196

‘Adithi Devo Bhava’ in 2009

, 205

Aggressive marketing campaigns

, 74–75

Aghoris

, 127, 129–131

Art Deco Ensembles

, 103

Audio walks

, 118

Augmented Reality (AR)

, 182

Ayurveda

, 61

Ayurvedic approach

, 86

Bandra Kurla Complex (BKC)

, 102

Bandra-Worli Sea-link

, 103

Bargaining and decision costs

, 70–72

Bhau Daji Lad Museum

, 105

Bhopal gas leak disaster (1984)

, 132–133

Bibliometric analysis

, 50

Bibliometric review (BR)

, 36–37

‘Body Shop’ organisation

, 162

Boosterism

, 157–158

Bottom-up approach

, 136

British Medical Association (BMA)

, 215

‘British Nuclear Fuels’ organisation

, 162

Business-as-usual scenario (BAU scenario)

, 128

Carrying capacity

, 165

Caste system

, 144

Centre for Asia Pacific Aviation (CAPA)

, 14

Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Vastu Sangrahalaya

, 105

Citation analysis

, 42–43

Climate change

, 190

Co-authorship analysis

, 39, 41

Co-citation analysis

, 39

Co-occurrence of author keywords

, 39–41

Coastal tourism, rising sealevels and impact on

, 192–193

Colonial consciousness

, 129

Colonial discourse theory

, 129

Community-based practices

, 112

Community-Led Local Development (CLLD)

, 146

Confederation of Indian Industry (CII)

, 91, 192

Cost-benefit theory

, 70

Country Brand Index (CBI)

, 22–23

COVID-19

, 143–144, 199–200, 213–214, 232

emerging crises

, 78–79

in Europe

, 233–234

expansion

, 233

infections

, 111–112

lockdown

, 120

pandemic

, 78–79, 86–87

safe tourism suggestions in

, 206–207

and scope of responsible tourism

, 160

Culinary tourism

, 72–73

Cultural heritage

, 114–115

Cultural hybridisation

, 61

Cultural tourism

, 59–60

Darjeeling War Memorial

, 133–134

Dark tourism

, 126

contemporary dark tourism in India

, 131–134

globalisation, ideological movements, and rise of

, 128–131

highlighting and promoting folkloric traditions and storytelling

, 135–136

in India

, 126–134

pilgrimage nexus

, 127–128

recommendations and future directions

, 134–139

responsible marketing narratives in

, 138–139

as shared socio-cultural heritage experience and avoiding dissonance

, 135

social sustainability

, 136–137

in tourism planning and development initiatives

, 137–138

Dekho Apna Desh

, 5, 7

Deputy Director General (DDG)

, 5

Destination choice

, 73

Destination image formation

, 87–88

Destination management

, 173–174

Dharavi, distinctive otherness of

, 28

Digital tools

, 62

Digital tourism solutions

, 62

Digitalization in wellness tourism

, 62

Domestic tourism for Indians

, 207

Domestic tourists

, 131–132

Domestic traveller, tourism for

, 5

E-tourism

, 175

Economic exchange

, 70

Economic responsibility

, 163

El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO)

, 188

Electronic Word-of-Mouth (eWOM)

, 235–236

Elephanta Caves

, 103

Enclosed tourism, restrictions in

, 227

Environmental responsibility

, 163

Ethics

, 137–138

Europe, COVID-19 in

, 233–234

European Landscape Convention

, 114–115

European Union (EU)

, 146

Digital COVID Certificate initiative

, 233–234

Expedia

, 133, 236–237

Experience economy in rural India

, 146–148

External Affairs Minister (EAM)

, 13–14

Familiarity tourists (FAM tourists)

, 11

Films, India in

, 237

Flights

, 236–237

Food

, 69–70

experience

, 84–85

marketing

, 84

tourism

, 72–73

Food Safety and Standards Act of 2006

, 86

Food Safety Standards Authority of India

, 91

‘Forced Labor’ by Berlin History Workshop

, 120

Foreign Tourist Arrivals (FTA)

, 5, 35

arrivals

, 7

for future

, 14–15

metrics

, 9

success

, 7–9

Framework Convention on the Value of Heritage for Society

, 114–115

Fun-filled experiences

, 134

Gastro tourism

, 72–73

Gastronomic experience

, 69–70, 74–76

Gastronomic tourism

, 70, 72–73

challenges

, 85–87

conceptual framework for future research

, 76

COVID-19 pandemic and other emerging crises

, 78–79

definition and evolution of

, 83–84

emerging trends and practices in utilisation of vlogging

, 88–90

future research

, 77–78

literature review and methodology

, 70

opportunities

, 84–85

recommendations to MOT, GOI, on utilisation of vlogging to

, 90–92

sources of transaction costs, and benefits in

, 76–77

tourist experience with Indian gastronomy

, 74–76

and transaction costs and benefits evaluation

, 73–74

transaction costs and benefits in food decisions

, 70–72

vlogging in gastronomic tourism promotion

, 87–88

Gateway of India

, 103

Generic tourism scenario

, 4

Geographical identification (GI)

, 84–85

Geographical indicator (GI)

, 75

GI Act of 1999

, 75

Government of India (GoI)

, 5

Gross domestic product (GDP)

, 21–22, 152

Help Tourism (community-led programme)

, 145–146

Heritage

, 97–98, 112, 127–128

Heritage tourism

, 112–113, 115

in India

, 115–116

sustainable future

, 121–122

sustainable model for

, 116–117

Heritage walks

, 112–113, 116–117

and accessibility

, 118

and activism

, 118–119

and audience

, 119–120

and communities

, 119

and digitalisation

, 120–121

and ecological consciousness

, 119

and experiential awareness

, 117–118

Hippie movement

, 130–131

Holistic wellness

, 57, 60

Hospitality management

, 35

Inbound tourism

, 22–24

‘Incredible Indian’ brand campaign

, 22–23

‘Incredible Tiffin’ campaign

, 74

India

attracting tourists to

, 235–237

dark tourism in

, 126–134

in films

, 237

gastronomic tourism in

, 70

heritage tourism in

, 115–116

Inbound tourism

, 9

in international context

, 235

issues and challenges of responsible tourism in

, 164–165

measures adopted by

, 226

in social media

, 235–236

Indian cuisines

, 85

Indian food culture

, 75–76

Indian Foreign Services (IFS)

, 14

Indian heritage tourism

, 113

Indian initiatives

, 177–182

Indian missions for tourism promotion

, 13–14

Indian monsoon

, 188

Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH)

, 115–116

Indian tourism

, 21, 29, 33–34, 219, 238–239

bibliometric review and systematic literature review

, 36–37

competitiveness benchmark

, 25

data analysis

, 38–39

data collection

, 37–38

differences

, 22–23

distinctive otherness of Dharavi

, 28

emerging research themes using SLR

, 43–48

extremism of tourist experiences

, 27–28

findings

, 39–43

future directions

, 48–49

global perception

, 26–27

governance, policies and opportunities

, 25–26

importance of Indian Travel Market in World Tourism

, 24

insiders and outsiders perspectives

, 23

methodology

, 37–39

middle-class perspective

, 25

paradigms

, 36

robust demand for niche tourism products

, 24–25

solo travellers

, 28–29

studies on

, 36

study limitations

, 49–50

tourist gaze in India

, 27

tourist safety framework for

, 204–206

Indian tourism and hospitality (ITH)

, 34

progress in ITH literature

, 40

research in

, 35–36

Indian tourists

, 23–24

Information and communication technologies (ICT)

, 174–175

Information costs

, 72

Information search costs

, 70

‘Innovest’ US-based Investment advising entity

, 162

Insiders perspectives of Indian tourism

, 23

Institute for Management Development (IMD)

, 175

Intangible cultural heritage

, 112

Intelligent destination

, 184

International Air Transport Association (IATA)

, 14

International Monitory Fund (IMF)

, 23–24

International tourists

, 75–76, 84, 98

Jaipur Rugs Foundation

, 145–146

Jehangir Art Gallery

, 105

Job/employment and skill oriented measures

, 225

Kala Ghoda Arts Festival

, 116

Kargil War memorial in Jammu & Kashmir

, 133–134

Kerala Tourism Mart (KTM)

, 8

Kohima War Cemetery in Nagaland

, 134

Korea Tourism Organization (KTO)

, 89

KUNA (Kuwait-based news agency)

, 26–27

Leading journals

, 39–40

Leisure tourism destinations

, 98

Liaison Entre Actions de De´veloppement de l’E´ conomieRurale (LEADER)

, 146

LK Jha Committee

, 9–13

Low-cost carriers (LCCs)

, 193–194

Mani Bhavan Gandhi Museum

, 105

Marina Drive

, 103, 106

Marketing campaigns

, 74

MERS

, 232

Metrics

, 4–5, 7

Middle-income countries (MICs)

, 23–24

Ministry of Tourism (MoT)

, 5, 15, 204

Monitoring and enforcement costs

, 70

Morgan House

, 133

Multaka Project

, 120

Mumbai, urban tourism in

, 98–99, 101

National Association of Street Vendors

, 91

National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB)

, 144

National Museum of Indian Cinema

, 105

Nehru centre

, 106

Nehru Centre and Planetarium

, 105

New Film Museum

, 106

Non-Resident Indian community (NRI community)

, 189

Online travel agencies (OTAs)

, 236–237

Orientalism

, 129–130

Outbound tourism

, 22–24

Outsiders perspectives of Indian tourism

, 23

Overseas promotion

, 7–9

Overseas Tourism Offices (OTO)

, 10–11

Overtourism

, 98, 158–159

Pakistan, gastronomic tourism in

, 90

Pakistan’s National Tourism Coordination Board (PNTCB)

, 90

Pandemic

economic impact

, 216–219

global context

, 216–218

Indian context

, 218–219

social and psychological impact of

, 214–215

strategies to revive tourism under pandemic

, 226–227

Perceived authenticity

, 61–62

Phenomenological theory

, 73

Philippines, gastronomic tourism in

, 89

Pilgrimage Rejuvenation and Spiritual Heritage Augmentation Drive (PRASHAD)

, 5

Policing and enforcement costs

, 71–72

Post-COVID-19 future

, 92, 121–122

Post-monsoon season

, 188

Postcolonial lens

, 126

Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses approach (PRISMA approach)

, 37–38

Private sectors

, 207

stakeholders

, 10–11

Public sectors

, 207

Public-Private Partnership (PPP)

, 26

Quality Council of India (QCI)

, 200

Quality overseas tourism promotion

, 7–9

Registered tourist guides, scheme for

, 226

Reiseangst (fear of travel)

, 214

Resilience

, 213

Responsible cultural tourism

, 113

Responsible marketing narratives in dark tourism

, 138–139

Responsible tourism (see also Safe tourism)

, 116, 120–121, 159–160

antithesis of

, 158–159

COVID-19 and scope of

, 160

in Indian context

, 160–162

issues and challenges

, 164–165

in Kerala

, 163–164

models

, 162–163

practical implications

, 165–167

Return on investment (RoI)

, 12

‘Risk-seeking’ tourists

, 203

Rural creative hubs

, 150

Rural middle class (RMC)

, 148–149

illustrative examples

, 151–152

Rural Non-Farm Economy (RNFE)

, 144

Rural tourism (see also Urban tourism)

, 143

conceptual framework

, 148–151

experience economy in rural India

, 146–148

key impediments to

, 145

Safe tourism

phased approach for

, 207

suggestions in COVID-19

, 206–207

Safety and Security in tourism

, 200, 202–203

Safety education

, 205

Safety regulation

, 206

Safety system

, 206

Safety technology

, 205–206

Safety threatening factors

, 201–202

SARS

, 232

Scopus database

, 37

Search and information costs (SIC)

, 71–72

Sewol ferry disaster

, 203

Skyscanner

, 236–237

Slum tourism

, 98

Slum tours

, 105

Smart city

, 174–175

evolutionary pattern of global smart cities

, 176–177

Smart tourism (see also Responsible tourism)

, 174–175

challenges and opportunities

, 183–184

city global highlights

, 178–180

Indian initiatives

, 177–182

motivations

, 182–183

recommendations

, 184–185

smart experience

, 175–176

Smart Traveller Enrolment Program (STEP)

, 205–206

‘SmartCulTour’

, 119

Social distancing

, 233

Social media, India in

, 235–236

Social responsibility

, 163

Social sustainability

, 136–137

Solo travellers

, 28–29

Sonoma Ashram Foundation

, 131

South Korea, gastronomic tourism in

, 89

Spa

, 61–62

Stakeholder collaboration

, 176

Sustainability

, 115, 126, 158

Sustainable Hyderabad Project

, 91

Sustainable tourism

, 159–160

‘Swachh Bharat Abhiyan’ in 2014

, 205

Swadesh Darshan Scheme

, 5

Swadesh Darshan Scheme

, 115

System for Assessment, Awareness & Training for Hospitality Industry (SAATHI)

, 200

Systematic literature review (SLR)

, 36–37

from 1976 to 1990

, 44

from 1991 to 1999

, 44–46

from 2000 to 2010

, 46–47

from 2011 to 2019

, 47

from 2020 to 2021

, 47–48

emerging research themes using

, 43–48

Targeted marketing and promotion

, 75

Tawang War Memorial in Arunachal Pradesh

, 133–134

Territorial Intelligence (TI)

, 177

Theory of planned behaviour

, 73

Theory of reasoned action

, 73

‘3M’ organisation

, 162

3S India campaigns

, 207

Thrill-seeking superficial experiences

, 134

Tourism

, 4, 112, 143–144, 157–158, 214

for domestic traveller

, 5

global guidelines for tourism recovery

, 220–226

human touch to tourism promotion

, 13

innovation

, 174

measures and initiatives to restart

, 225–226

in Mumbai

, 101–102

priorities for tourism recovery

, 219

research

, 37, 39–40

revival

, 220

strategies to revive tourism under pandemic

, 226–227

supply

, 98

tackling tourism economy

, 219–226

trends

, 189–190

Tourism, Travel and Hospitality (TTH)

, 4

‘Tourism Development Plan Mumbai’

, 106–107

Tourism Recreation Research (TRR)

, 39–40

Tourism safety

, 200–201, 203–204

framework for Indian Tourism

, 204–206

Tourist visa, relaxation of

, 226

Tourists

, 98, 103, 201, 203

experience with Indian gastronomy

, 74–76

gaze in India

, 27

Transaction costs

, 79

and benefits in food decisions

, 70–72

economics

, 70

Transformational experiences

, 149

Travel and tourism competitiveness

, 202–203

Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index (TTCI)

, 5–7

Travel and Tourism Stakeholders (TTS)

, 226

scheme for

, 226

Travel intention

, 88

TripAdvisor

, 103, 105–106, 133, 235–236

Triple bottom line (3BL)

, 162

United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)

, 84

United Nations World Travel Organisation

, 35

Urban tourism (see also Rural tourism)

, 97–98

assets and marketing

, 102–105

demand side and consumption patterns

, 105–106

in megacities

, 98–99

in Mumbai

, 99–101

planning and development

, 106–107

User-generated content (UGC) (see Electronic Word-of-Mouth (eWOM))

Victorian Gothic

, 103

Virtual dark tourism

, 139

Virtual platforms for local business

, 227

Virtual Reality (VR)

, 182

Visit friends and relatives (VFR)

, 7

Visiting friends and relatives (VFR)

, 24

Vloggers

, 88–89

Vlogging in gastronomic tourism promotion

, 87–88

Vlogs

and destination image formation

, 87–88

and travel intention

, 88

WOM

, 88

VOSViewer

, 38–41

Weather and climate

adaptation and resilience in changing climate

, 195–196

change impact on tourism infrastructure

, 193–195

changes to climate in Indian subcontinent and tourism trends

, 189–190

geography of India and influence on

, 188–189

monsoon rains and impact on tourism

, 191–192

rising sealevels and impact on coastal tourism

, 192–193

temperature changes and impact on tourism

, 190–191

Well-being tourism

, 60

Wellness products and services

, 57

Wellness services, authenticity and quality of

, 61

Wellness tourism sector in India

, 57

authenticity and quality of wellness services

, 61

conceptual background and current trends

, 59–61

current risks and challenges of tourism

, 58–59

current state

, 62–63

digitalization in

, 62

Wellness tourists

, 58, 60

Wine tourism

, 72–73

Women travellers

, 201

Women’s Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industry (WICCI)

, 151

Word-of-mouth (WOM)

, 88

World Heritage City of Bamberg in Germany

, 120

World Heritage Status

, 115–116

World Tourism and Travel Council (WTTC)

, 4

regional overview

, 4

Yoga centres

, 61

‘Zespri’ organisation

, 162