Abject cosmopolitanism

, 5, 66–67

Abrahamitic religions

, 36

Agamben, Giorgio

, 61–63

Agency, humanity as

, 52–53

Anarchical Fallacies

, 28

Anderson, Benedict

, 86–87

Anomie

, 36–37

Aquinas, Thomas

, 44

Arab Charter on Human Rights (2004)

, 41

Archibugi, Daniele

, 2, 98

Arendt, Hannah

, 48–49

“Banishing”

, 61–63

Benedict, Ruth

, 72–73

Benhabib, Seyla

, 51, 92–93

Bentham, Jeremy

, 28, 31–32

Black Lives Matter

, 37

Blake, Michael

, 53

Bobbio, Norberto

, 21

Böckenförde, Ernst-Wolfgang

, 23

Bohman, James

, 48

Bok, Sissela

, 127

“Bottom-up” approach of ethical particularism

, 119–120

Brown, Donald E.

, 45–46

Burke, Edmund

, 28–29

Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in Islam (1990)

, 41

Choice theory (see Will theory)

Chomsky, Noam

, 45

Cities and renaissance republicanism, medieval feuds and

, 77–79

Citizenship

, 4–5, 11–12, 130–131

from archaic period to Hellenism

, 72–75

contemporary models of

, 79–82

definition of

, 103–104

essence of

, 92, 108–109

latitudinal citizenship

, 101–102

medieval feuds and cities and renaissance republicanism

, 77–79

models of

, 71–87

national

, 94–95

nationalism and performative

, 83–87

peace and teleology of

, 67–69

perspectives for

, 106–112

requirements of

, 73–75

rights

, 16

in Roman Empire

, 76–77

subjective and objective

, 87, 89, 92

Westphalian

, 79–82

“Citizenship gap”

, 53, 61, 63, 87, 95

Claim (right)

, 14

Coercion and requirements of reciprocity

, 53–60

Consent

, 58–60

Constitution of Italy

, 25

Cosmopolitan norms from global violations

, 50–52

“Cosmopolitan” statements

, 75

Cosmopolitanism

, 96

Counter-intuitive doctrines

, 26–28

Cultural diversity

, 115–116

“Cultural ethnocentrism”

, 110–111

Culture

, 109

Danish citizenship

, 88

Declaration of Human and Civic Rights

, 11

Declaration of Independence

, 11

Defenses

of national citizenship

, 117–126

of nationality in perspective of ethical particularism

, 118–122

of special ties in perspective of moral universalism

, 122–126

Democracy

, 65

“Democratic constitutions”

, 83–84

Democratic ethos

, 36

Democratization of “rights”

, 21

Deng, Francis

, 67

Dignity

, 42

Diogenes the Cyinic

, 75

Diversity

, 37

Dodds, Eric

, 72–73

“Domestic analogy”

, 2, 58, 60, 132

Double model

, 8–9

Duties

, 4–5, 29, 42–43, 87

duty-based approach

, 124–126

Equality

, 114, 116

Ethical particularism, defense of nationality in perspective of

, 118–122

European Union (EU)

, 2

Evolutionary psychology

, 34–35

Exclusion, power through

, 61–64

Exclusivism

, 127–128

Families

, 132

Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)

, 100

Finley, Moses I.

, 72–73

Foucault, Michel

, 45

Freedom

, 105, 114, 116

concept of peace and relation to

, 112–114

spheres of

, 127–134

French Revolution, The

, 79–81

Frydrych, David

, 7–8

Fuji, Mount

, 103–104

Genocide

, 51–52

Geuss, Raymond

, 30–31

Glendon, Mary Ann

, 18

Global citizenship

, 4, 58, 60, 101–102, 112

politics of

, 7–10

requirements of

, 95–98

Global justice

theorists

, 55–56

theory

, 9

“Global liberalism”

, 9

Global political system

, 7

Global Polity

, 48, 50–51

Global violations, cosmopolitan norms from

, 50–52

Globalization

, 65

of Marshall’s

, 100–101

Goodin, Robert E.

, 111–112, 117, 122

Hägerström, Axel Anders Theodor

, 29–30

Held, David

, 2, 98

Hellenism, citizenship from archaic period to

, 72–75

Hohfeld, Wesley Newcomb

, 13

“Hohfeldian incidents”

, 13

Honig, Bonnie

, 65

Human

dignity

, 48–50

experience

, 133–134

nature

, 44–47

rights

, 3, 11–12, 44, 47–48, 50, 128

universals

, 45–46

Humanity as agency

, 52–53

ICC

, 8–9

ICJ

, 8–9

Ideological diversity

, 12–13

Ignatieff, Michael

, 31

“Imagined communities”

, 86–87

Immunity (right)

, 15

Individual-based right claims

, 36–37

Individualism

, 36

Institutionalization

, 85–86

Institutions

, 36

Instrumental justification of citizenship

, 111–112

Interest Theory (of rights)

, 17

International Bill of Human Rights

, 22

International courts

, 8–9

International norms of justice

, 92–93

International political theory

, 68–69

International rights

, 95

Ius doni

, 106–107

Ius nexi

, 111–112

Ius sanguinis

, 106–108, 111–112

Ius soli

, 109–110

Jones, Peter

, 87

Justification

, 19

of rights

, 22–28

Kant, Immanuel

, 68–69

King, Martin Luther

, 42–43

Kostakopoulou, Dora

, 77–78, 132

Latitudinal citizenship

, 101–102

Liberalism

, 10

Liberal–modern constitutions

, 23

Local communities

, 87–104

globalizing Marshall

, 100–101

latitudinal citizenship

, 101–102

national and international rights

, 95

national and universal citizenship

, 93–95

negative and limited rights

, 98–99

objective international citizenship

, 92–93

objective national citizenship

, 92–93

problem of enforcement

, 99–100

requirements of global citizenship

, 95–98

rethinking “special ties”

, 102–104

subjective and objective citizenship

, 87–89

subjective international citizenship

, 92–93

Locke, John

, 20

“Longitudinal” citizenship

, 101–102

Macchiavelli, Niccolò

, 78–79

MacIntyre, Alasdair

, 29, 34

Maritain, Jacques

, 22

Marshall, Thomas H.

, 100–101

globalizing Marshall

, 100–101

Marx, Karl

, 29, 31–32, 34

Marxism

, 30

Medieval feuds and cities and renaissance republicanism

, 77–79

Meta-rationale

, 111–112

Miller, David

, 118

“Monistic theories”

, 17

Moral universalism, defense of special ties in perspective of

, 122–126

“Mutual-benefit” model

, 123–124

Nagel, Thomas

, 53

National citizenship

, 4, 93, 95, 130

defenses of

, 117–126

National diversity

, 115–116

National duties

, 129

National identities

, 129–130

National rights

, 95

National ties

, 123–124

Nationalism

, 83, 87, 107–108

Nationality

, 107–108, 110–111, 127–128

defense of nationality in perspective of ethical particularism

, 118–122

Natural duties

, 129–130

Natural human rights

, 45

Nazi-Fascism

, 26–28

Negative concept of peace

, 113–114

Negative rights

, 98–99

Nietzsche, Friedrich

, 29

Nozick, Robert

, 104

Nussbaum, Martha

, 46–47, 133

Nyers, Peter

, 66

Objective citizenship

, 87, 89, 124, 126

closer inspection

, 89–92

Objective international citizenship

, 92–93

Objective national citizenship

, 92–93

Ong, Ahiwa

, 101–102

Owen, David

, 66–67

Paradox of Sovereignty

, 61–64

Peace

, 114–116

of citizenship

, 67–69

concept and relation to freedom

, 112–114

negative peace

, 113–114

positive peace

, 113–115

Performative citizenship

, 83–87

Philosophical anthropology

, 6

Philosophy

, 106

Piketty, Thomas

, 9–10

Pinker, Steven

, 45–46

Pluralism

, 36–37

Pocock, John G. A.

, 76–77

Political community

, 1

Political institutions

, 55–56

Political theory

, 6–7, 106, 113

Politicization

, 21

Politics of global citizenship

, 7–10

“Popular liberation”

, 84–85

Positive patriotism

, 113–114

Powers

, 15

through exclusion

, 61–64

Privilege (right)

, 14–15

Pufendorf, Samuel von

, 20

Quong, Jonathan

, 26–28

Rationale

, 107–108

Rawls, John

, 22–23

Reciprocity, coercion and requirements of

, 53–60

Refugee/stateless as essential citizen

, 66–67

Renaissance, The

, 78–79

Renaissance republicanism, medieval feuds and cities and

, 77–79

Responsibility to protect (R2P)

, 49–50

Right(s) (see also Universal rights)

, 11, 24, 38, 47–48, 60

coercion and requirements of reciprocity

, 53–60

cosmopolitan norms from global violations

, 50–52

critical redefinition of universal rights

, 31–40

form of

, 13–16

function of

, 16–19

human rights, human dignity, and global polity

, 48–50

human rights and human nature

, 44–47

humanity as agency

, 52–53

justification of

, 22–28

national and international rights

, 95

negative rights

, 99

origin of

, 19–21

positive rights

, 99

provisional list of fundamental rights and duties

, 40–44

rejection of

, 28–31

subjective rights

, 29

Rightlessness

, 60–69

abject cosmopolitanism

, 66–67

foundational role of outsiders

, 65

peace and teleology of citizenship

, 67–69

power through exclusion

, 61–64

Roman Empire, citizenship in

, 76–77

Sangiovanni, Andrea

, 53

Schachar, Ayelet

, 106–107

Secularization

, 21

Skepticism

, 30

Smith, Anthony

, 119–120

“Social connection model”

, 103–104

Sociobiology

, 34–35

“Sovereign ban”

, 61–63

Spatial proximity

, 111–112

Special ties in perspective of moral universalism, defense of

, 122–126

Subjective citizenship

, 87–89

closer inspection

, 89–92

Subjective international citizenship

, 92–93

Teleology of citizenship

, 67–69

Theorizing Citizenship in Critical Times

, 1–4

UNESCO

, 22

Unification

, 131–132

United Nations (UN)

, 131–132

Security Council

, 8

Universal citizenship

, 93–95

Universal Declaration (UD)

, 6, 21, 48–49, 90, 113

Universal rights

, 87, 99, 104

critical redefinition of

, 31–40

globalizing Marshall

, 100–101

latitudinal citizenship

, 101–102

national and international rights

, 95

national and universal citizenship

, 93–95

negative and limited rights

, 98–99

objective national citizenship, subjective international citizenship, and objective international citizenship

, 92–93

problem of enforcement

, 99–100

requirements of global citizenship

, 95–98

rethinking “special ties”

, 102–104

subjective and objective citizenship

, 87–89

Value pluralism

, 12–13

Veca, Salvatore

, 105

Waldron, Jeremy

, 124–126

Weber, Max

, 73–75

Wenar, Leif

, 18

Western citizenship

, 5

Western societies

, 36, 72–73

Westphalia Treaty, The

, 79

Westphalian to contemporary models of citizenship

, 79–82

Will theory

, 17

Williams, Bernard

, 118

Wittgenstein, Ludwig

, 30–31

Xenophobic anxieties

, 73–75

Young, Iris Marion

, 103–104