Chang Li, Philip Chang, Shanming Li and Xinxiang Shi
Cross-border M & A is one of the most important ways of international capital flows, and scholars have paid a lot of attention to this area, but a general explaining model…
Abstract
Purpose
Cross-border M & A is one of the most important ways of international capital flows, and scholars have paid a lot of attention to this area, but a general explaining model has still not been generated. The purpose of this paper, based on Lambrecht (2004) and Bolton et al. (2013), is to build a general explaining model in this area and use the new model to explain some real world issues.
Design/methodology/approach
The model work in this paper is based on Lambrecht’s (2004) real option model, which is the classical modeling method in this area, and take the economic crisis method of Bolton et al. (2013) into consideration; the authors also use the relative market condition to illustrate the motivation and market timing of cross-border M & A in this paper to connected the bidders’ markets and targets’ markets together to build the general explaining model for cross-border M & A.
Findings
By analyzing the new model the authors build in this paper, the authors get three conclusions. Conclusion 1: when the bidders’ technologies are more advanced than the targets’, the bidders prefer market-seeking cross-border M & A, and the relatively higher the bidders’ technologies are, the stronger the preference is; when the bidders’ technologies are less advanced than the targets’, the bidders prefer technology-seeking cross-border M & A, and there exists an optimal relative technology ratio at which the bidders have the strongest motivation to exercise the technology-seeking type cross-border M & A. Conclusion 2: host country’s high economic growth helps attracting market-seeking cross-border M & A, conversely host country’s low economic growth helps attracting technology-seeking cross-border M & A. Conclusion 3: the bidders prefer to exercise the technology-seeking cross-border M & A when the home markets are stable or when economic crises happen in targets markets; and the bidders prefer not to exercise the market-seeking cross-border M & A when economic crises happen in home markets; and the relationship between the motivation for bidders to exercise market-seeking cross-border M & A and the possibility of the happening of economic crisis in home countries presents an inverse N-shape curve.
Originality/value
In this paper the authors first use the relative market condition to illustrate the motivation and market timing in the cross-border M & A research area and build a general model based on current literatures.
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Yanyan Shi, Hao Su, Meng Wang, Hanxiao Dou, Bin Yang and Feng Fu
In the brain imaging based on electrical impedance tomography, it is sometimes not able to attach 16 electrodes due to space restriction caused by craniotomy. As a result of this…
Abstract
Purpose
In the brain imaging based on electrical impedance tomography, it is sometimes not able to attach 16 electrodes due to space restriction caused by craniotomy. As a result of this, the number of boundary measurements decreases, and spatial resolution of reconstructed conductivity distribution is reduced. The purpose of this study is to enhance reconstruction quality in cases of limited measurement.
Design/methodology/approach
A new data expansion method based on the shallow convolutional neural network is proposed. An eight-electrode model is built from which fewer boundary measurements can be obtained. To improve the imaging quality, shallow convolutional neural network is constructed which maps limited voltage data of the 8-electrode model to expanded voltage data of a quasi-16-electrode model. The predicted data is compared with the quasi-16-electrode data. Besides, image reconstruction based on L1 regularization method is conducted.
Findings
The results show that the predicted data generally coincides with the quasi-16-electrode data. It is found that images reconstructed with the data of eight-electrode model are the poorest. Nevertheless, imaging results when the limited data is expanded by the proposed method show large improvement, and there is a minor difference with the images recovered with the quasi-16-electrode data. Also, the impact of noise is studied, which shows that the proposed method is robust to noise.
Originality/value
To enhance reconstruction quality in the case of limited measurement, a new data expansion method based on the shallow convolutional neural network is proposed. Both simulation work and phantom experiments have demonstrated that high-quality images of cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral ischemia can be obtained when the limited measurement is expanded by the proposed method.
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Meng Wang, Yongheng Li, Yanyan Shi and Fenglan Huang
With the development of artificial intelligence, proximity sensors show their great potential in intelligent perception. This paper aims to propose a new planar capacitive sensor…
Abstract
Purpose
With the development of artificial intelligence, proximity sensors show their great potential in intelligent perception. This paper aims to propose a new planar capacitive sensor for the proximity sensing of a conductor.
Design/methodology/approach
Different from traditional structures, the proposed sensor is characterized by sawtooth-structured electrodes. A series of numerical simulations have been carried out to study the impact of different geometrical parameters such as the width of the main trunk, the width of the sawtooth and the number of sawtooths. In addition, the impact of the lateral offset of the approaching graphite block is investigated.
Findings
It is found that sensitivity is improved with the increase of the main trunk with, sawtooth width and sawtooth number while a larger lateral offset leads to a decrease in sensitivity. The performance of the proposed planar capacitive proximity sensor is also compared with two conventional planar capacitive sensors. The results show that the proposed planar capacitive sensor is obviously more sensitive than the two conventional planar capacitive sensors.
Originality/value
In this paper, a new planar capacitive sensor is proposed for the proximity sensing of a conductor. The results show that the capacitive sensor with the novel structure is obviously more sensitive than the traditional structures in the detection of the proximity conductor.
Details
Keywords
Yanyan Shi, Fenglan Huang, Meng Wang and Yongheng Li
To solve the problem of low sensitivity of traditional capacitive proximity sensor, this paper aims to propose a novel capacitive sensor for detection of an approaching conductor.
Abstract
Purpose
To solve the problem of low sensitivity of traditional capacitive proximity sensor, this paper aims to propose a novel capacitive sensor for detection of an approaching conductor.
Design/methodology/approach
Five capacitive proximity sensors with different structures are designed and the performance is compared with the traditional capacitive sensor. The impacts of geometrical parameters on the performance of the proposed capacitive sensor are studied. Furthermore, the sensitivity of the proposed capacitive sensor to an approaching conductor with different sizes is discussed. Also, how the designed capacitive sensor is sensitive to the lateral placement of the approaching object is analyzed.
Findings
Several capacitive proximity sensor structures have been designed and analyzed. It is found that the capacitive sensor with the top small ring-bottom large ring structure shows stronger electric field distribution around the top electrode and higher sensitivity to the approaching conductor than other sensors. Through further analysis of the proposed sensor, the results demonstrate that proposed capacitive sensor is effective for proximity object detection.
Originality/value
This paper proposes a novel capacitive proximity sensor with top small ring-bottom large ring structure. Compared with the traditional capacitive sensor, the proposed capacitive sensor is more sensitive to the approaching object. This would be helpful for the accurate detection of the approaching object. Also, the top and bottom electrodes are much smaller.
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Li Yuan and Robert Chia
The purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of traditional Chinese fuzzy thinking and its particular effects on human resource management (HRM) practices in mainland China.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of traditional Chinese fuzzy thinking and its particular effects on human resource management (HRM) practices in mainland China.
Design/methodology/approach
Semi‐structured interviews with practising managers and directors of Chinese companies were used to access the tacit message in HR practices cases and to capture the personal stories provided by Chinese managers with rich working experiences on HRM, in order to discover the cultural fundamentals beneath the surface of HR practices and so disclose their underlying significance. The data for the study were collected through in‐depth interviews with 21 top managers and HR managers in Chinese companies about the role of Chinese fuzzy thinking in Chinese HRM practices.
Findings
The results show that in HRM practices, the principle of Zhongyong significantly affects: preference in recruitment and selection practices; the preferred way of communication and negotiation; the relationship between superiors and subordinates and the relationship among employees; and the leadership styles.
Research limitations/implications
The research limitation mainly lies in an insufficient sample size, undivided geographical area and inadequate classification of the Chinese enterprises.
Originality/value
This is the first paper of its kind to empirically investigate the effect of the ideal of Zhongyong, which the authors claim originates from Chinese traditional fuzzy thinking, on HRM practices in China.
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Jess Browning and Seung-Hee Lee
The Incheon Region has numerous assets that fall within a Pentaport model.' These include the Incheon International Airport, the Port of Incheon, a coastal industrial park, free…
Abstract
The Incheon Region has numerous assets that fall within a Pentaport model.' These include the Incheon International Airport, the Port of Incheon, a coastal industrial park, free economic zones, a leisure port, and Songdo new town designed to be the future Silicon Valley of Korea. This paper looks at how Northeast Asia trade flows between China and Korea might be enhanced by application of the Pentaport model in making the Incheon region a North East Asian Hub. It looks also at their trade and logistics systems as well as their water borne commerce. It proposes an integrated transportation system for the Yellow Sea Region being beneficial to the economies of the Northeast Asia. It also stresses that innovative technologies for ships, terminals and cargo handling systems should be introduced to develop a competitive short sea shipping system in the region and cooperation among the regional countries will be essential to achieve the final goal. The potential of methods of container shipping is discussed as it might apply to short sea shipping in the Yellow Sea Region that could greatly facilitate Incheon's situation with respect to the broader region in application of the Pentaport model.
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Zhibang Qiao, Shanshan Lv, Jiyou Gu, Haiyan Tan, Junyou Shi and Yanhua Zhang
The purpose of this paper is to obtain high-solids-content and low-viscosity starch adhesive, and improve bonding strength of the pure starch adhesive.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to obtain high-solids-content and low-viscosity starch adhesive, and improve bonding strength of the pure starch adhesive.
Design/methodology/approach
Maize starch was treated by hydrochloric acid solution with different concentrations, and acid-thinned starch adhesive was prepared. Polyisocyanate as a crosslinking agent was added to improve water resistance of the pure starch adhesive.
Findings
The physical and chemical properties of the acid-thinned starch adhesive were characterised. Acid hydrolysis did not change structure of starch granules, but increased its crystallinity. After acid modification, starch granules became less smooth and some fragments appeared. Acid treatment had little influence on thermal stability of starch, when acid hydrolysis was not strong. High concentration of HCl solution led to starch granules being destroyed, resulting in decrease in bonding strength. The optimal HCl concentration was 0.5 mol/L. Polyisocyanate addition was beneficial to improve the bonding strength of the acid-thinned starch adhesive.
Research limitations/implications
Acid hydrolysis changed the properties of the starch adhesive.
Practical implications
Acid hydrolysis decreased viscosity of the starch adhesive and improved its solids content, which had a positive effect on the application of the starch adhesive.
Social implications
It was helpful to develop an environment-friendly, natural polymer-based wood adhesive.
Originality/value
The properties of acid-thinned starch and acid-thinned starch adhesive were studied.
Details
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Yongfeng Li, Yaotong Pan, Wenqiang Yang, Xiaochang Xu, Junpeng Xu and Lei Zhang
This study aims to solve the problem of repair path planning between multiple small-size defects in the field of additive manufacturing (AM) repair by using Python-based ant…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to solve the problem of repair path planning between multiple small-size defects in the field of additive manufacturing (AM) repair by using Python-based ant colony algorithm (ACO). The optimal parameter combination scheme is obtained by discussing the influencing factors of parameters in the ACO.
Design/methodology/approach
The effects of the information heuristic factor α, the expected heuristic factor ß and the pheromone volatile factor ρ on the simulation results were investigated by designing a three-factor and three-level orthogonal experiment. The fast convergence of ACO in finding the optimal solution of multiple small-size defect repair path problem is proved by comparing the simulation results with those of genetic algorithm (GA) on the same data set.
Findings
The ACO can effectively solve the repair path planning problem between multiple small-size defects by optimizing the parameters. In the case of 50 defect locations, the simulation results of the ACO with optimized parameters are 159.8 iterations and 3,688 average path lengths, while the GA has 4,027.2 average path lengths under the same data set and the same number of iterations, and by comparison, it is proved that the ACO can find the optimal solution quickly in the small-size defects repair path planning problem, which greatly improves the efficiency of defect repair.
Originality/value
The parameter-optimized ACO can be quickly applied to the planning problem of repair paths between multiple small-size defects in the field of AM repair, which can better improve the defect repair efficiency and reduce the waste of resources.
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Yi Zhang, Farzana Quoquab, Jihad Mohammad and Yanrui Michael Tao
The present study aims to investigate factors influencing Gen-Z consumers' “green food purchase intention” and “healthy lifestyle”. Guided by the attribution theory, “perceived…
Abstract
Purpose
The present study aims to investigate factors influencing Gen-Z consumers' “green food purchase intention” and “healthy lifestyle”. Guided by the attribution theory, “perceived usefulness of green food”, “food safety concerns” (internal attributes), “perceived threat of environmental problems” and “green peer influence” (external attributes) are considered the predictors of “attitude towards green food”, which eventually lead to a healthy lifestyle and green food purchase intention. Besides, “fear of pandemic recurrence” and “greenwash” are tested as moderators.
Design/methodology/approach
The Structural Equation Modelling-Partial Least Squares (PLS-SEM) technique was employed for the model testing. An online questionnaire survey was conducted among Gen-Z Chinese adults, which yielded 556 complete, valid responses.
Findings
The findings indicate that “consumers' attitudes towards green food” are positively influenced by “perceived threat of environmental problems”, “perceived usefulness of green food”, “concerns about food safety”, and the influence of “green peers”. In addition, results revealed that “attitude toward green food” exerts a positive effect on “healthy lifestyle” and “green food purchase intention”. The study supports the moderating role of “perceived greenwash” in the relationship between “attitude” and “intention to purchase green food”. However, there was no evidence to support the moderating effect of “fear of pandemic recurrence” in relation to a “healthy lifestyle”.
Originality/value
This study is a pioneer in utilizing the attribution theory to predict the drivers of a “healthy lifestyle” and the “intention to purchase green foods”. Furthermore, this study predicted the moderating influence of “fear of pandemic recurrence” on the relationship between attitude and “healthy lifestyle”, a link that has not been tested in previous research. Furthermore, it introduces a novel examination of the moderating effect of “perceived greenwash” on the relationship between “attitudes” and “purchase intentions”.
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In the 21st Century, a region 's growth and prosperity will depend upon its intermodal transportation infrastructure and its ability to efficiently move goods, materials, and…
Abstract
In the 21st Century, a region 's growth and prosperity will depend upon its intermodal transportation infrastructure and its ability to efficiently move goods, materials, and people within the system whether it be from origin to destination; from supplier to customer through the various levels of the supply-chain; or from point to point within the system. Planning for the future focuses on improving a region 's intermodal transportation system efficiencies and infrastructure, its connection to other economies, and on the development of logistics institutions and facilities.
With China 's rapidly developing economy and society, record numbers of new modern facilities such as airports, ports, highways, logistics parks and warehouses are being built. Along with this, companies have made extensive investments in information technologies and software to support the tremendous growth that has taken place in the logistics industry. The development and improvement of China's historic inland water transport system is essential to their continued future growth and prosperity. In Korea, past and present National Governments have emphasized the importance of developing a North East Asian Logistics and Business Hub in their region and have worked on strategies, which include water transport, as part of an important national agenda to that end.
This article looks at how trade flows in the Yangtze and Yellow Sea Regions and between China and South Korea might be enhanced by application of improved shipping methods in marine commerce that will promote economic growth in the region. The application of logistics practices and use of barges is explored for the movement of containers on inland and coastal waterways as well as in short sea shipping which could greatly facilitate the region 's situation with respect to future economic growth.