Ya Guo, Zhenhua Sun, Xiaoqing Guo, Yanfen Zhou, Liang Jiang, Shaojuan Chen and Jianwei Ma
At present, the enzyme washing process is widely used in hemp garment in the industry. However, it has many disadvantages. First, it is inefficient and labor-intensive, which can…
Abstract
Purpose
At present, the enzyme washing process is widely used in hemp garment in the industry. However, it has many disadvantages. First, it is inefficient and labor-intensive, which can only be produced in small quantities and will take much time for workers to check. Second, its cost is high. The strength loss of the garment is up to 20 percent, with a bad damage. Presently, the enzyme washing process of the gray fabric is not industrialized. The purpose of this paper is to obtain a stable and efficient process for the enzyme washing of the gray fabric.
Design/methodology/approach
The whiteness, weight loss rate, strength, dyeing property and fabric style of enzyme washed gray fabrics were studied.
Findings
The results showed that the enzyme treated fabric has soft handle, smooth surface, good elasticity and high levelness, as well as low strength reduction rate under the optimized condition of bath ratio of 1:12, cellulase dosage of 0.3 percent, pectinase dosage of 1 g/L, treatment temperature of 55°C, treatment time of 80 min and pH of 6.
Originality/value
First, the process is environment friendly, green and sustainable and, second, it will make the industrialization of the enzyme washing process of gray fabrics, with a high commercial value.
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Kun Zhou, Zaiwu Gong, Xiaoqing Chen and Guo Wei
In multi-criteria ranking problems, the UTA-like methods can be used to infer the value functions that restore the decision-maker’s (DM’s) indirect preference information. These…
Abstract
Purpose
In multi-criteria ranking problems, the UTA-like methods can be used to infer the value functions that restore the decision-maker’s (DM’s) indirect preference information. These value functions represent all possible preference systems for the DM. In this paper, we aim to develop a method for determining the complete ranking of alternatives based on all such value functions.
Design/methodology/approach
We extend the DM’s inductive preference for value functions in the selection of a representative value function to rankings of alternatives and construct a novel measure referred as the representativeness index to evaluate the performance of rankings relative to the inductive preference. Subsequently, by exploring all value functions that are capable of generating a ranking, two robust representativeness indices are constructed and a simulation algorithm is proposed for calculating the robust representativeness index.
Findings
Determining the ranking based on the representative value function can be seen as selecting the ranking with the largest representativeness index. Additionally, we find through a case study that the ranking determined based on robust representativeness indices has good robustness in the sense of inductive preferences.
Originality/value
The inductive preference is a manifestation of the DM’s preference system. This paper proposes a method for measuring the performance of rankings relative to inductive preferences. The performance of a ranking is defined as the performance of all value functions that can produce that ranking relative to the inductive preference. In turn, it is possible to identify the ranking that best matches the DM’s preference system.
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Yuqing He, Xintian Liu and Xiaoqing Wang
This study aims to build a global environmental quality protection convention to jointly address the problems of environmental pollution governance worldwide.
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to build a global environmental quality protection convention to jointly address the problems of environmental pollution governance worldwide.
Design/methodology/approach
From the perspective of environmental pollution of the air, ocean, forest, water and solid waste, the authors summarize the main important measures and mechanisms of environmental pollution governance in various countries.
Findings
The results indicate that management research on biodiversity and natural resources must be strengthened, the relationship between economic development and environmental quality management needs to be balanced, the comparative study of domestic and international environmental governance theories and practices should be strengthened, empirical and applied research on environmental governance needs to be focused on, and complete system research on environmental governance and management should be explored. In the future, further strengthening environmental awareness, addressing environmental pollution and managing environmental quality are necessary.
Originality/value
The environment is the foundation of human survival and development. With the development of economy, contradictions between human and natural environment (e.g. air, ocean, forest and water) have become prominent. Environmental pollution governance cannot only help address existing environmental problems but also solve economic problems of various countries. The prerequisite for sustainable development is to lay a solid foundation for the coordinated development of economic growth and pollution management.
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Jingcheng Wen, Yihao Qin, Ye Bai and Xiaoqing Dong
Express freight transportation is in rapid development currently. Owing to the higher speed of express freight train, the deformation of the bridge deck worsens the railway line…
Abstract
Purpose
Express freight transportation is in rapid development currently. Owing to the higher speed of express freight train, the deformation of the bridge deck worsens the railway line condition under the action of wind and train moving load when the train runs over a long-span bridge. Besides, the blunt car body of vehicle has poor aerodynamic characteristics, bringing a greater challenge on the running stability in the crosswind.
Design/methodology/approach
In this study, the aerodynamic force coefficients of express freight vehicles on the bridge are measured by scale model wind tunnel test. The dynamic model of the train-long-span steel truss bridge coupling system is established, and the dynamic response as well as the running safety of vehicle are evaluated.
Findings
The results show that wind speed has a significant influence on running safety, which is mainly reflected in the over-limitation of wheel unloading rate. The wind speed limit decreases with train speed, and it reduces to 18.83 m/s when the train speed is 160 km/h.
Originality/value
This study deepens the theoretical understanding of the interaction between vehicles and bridges and proposes new methods for analyzing similar engineering problems. It also provides a new theoretical basis for the safety assessment of express freight trains.
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Huifang Liu, Weidong Chen, Pengwei Yuan and Xiaoqing Dong
This study aims to examine the impact of climate change on the total factor productivity (TFP) of tourism in Chinese cities. Using temperature and precipitation as proxies for…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to examine the impact of climate change on the total factor productivity (TFP) of tourism in Chinese cities. Using temperature and precipitation as proxies for climate change, the research analyzes both the direct negative effects of climate change on tourism productivity and the positive spillover effects on neighboring cities. In addition, it investigates how geographic location and economic development contribute to the variation in these effects. The study also explores the mechanisms through which government intervention and industrial structure upgrading influence these impacts.
Design/methodology/approach
This study uses a spatial Durbin model to analyze the relationship between climate change and tourism TFP in 287 Chinese cities from 2000 to 2020. Panel data is used, with temperature and precipitation serving as proxies for climate change. The model evaluates both the direct and spillover effects of climate change on tourism productivity, while also analyzing the mechanisms through which government intervention and industrial upgrading affect these relationships. The study further considers how geographic location and economic development impact the results.
Findings
This study finds that climate change directly reduces tourism TFP, while generating positive spillover effects for neighboring cities. Cities in the eastern and more economically developed regions are more sensitive to climate change, experiencing stronger impacts compared to cities in central and western regions. The findings suggest that government intervention and industrial structure upgrading are important mechanisms through which climate change affects tourism productivity in Chinese cities.
Originality/value
This research fills a gap in the literature regarding how climate change affects tourism productivity in developing countries, particularly in China. By applying a spatial Durbin model and panel data analysis, the study provides empirical evidence on both the direct and spillover effects of climate change on tourism productivity. It highlights the critical role of government intervention and industrial upgrading as mechanisms shaping the impact of climate change, offering new insights for policymakers and tourism businesses to address the challenges posed by climate change and enhance productivity and competitiveness.
目的
本研究旨在探讨气候变化对中国城市旅游全要素生产率的影响。通过温度和降水量作为气候变化的代理变量, 研究分析了气候变化对旅游全要素生产率的直接抑制效应及其对邻近城市的积极溢出效应。此外, 研究考察了地理位置与经济发展水平如何导致这些效应的异质性。通过分析政府干预和产业结构升级的机制, 本研究为气候变化影响旅游全要素生产率的机制分析提供了理论支持, 为提升发展中国家旅游竞争力提供了指导。
设计/方法论/研究方法
本研究采用空间杜宾模型分析2000年至2020年期间, 中国287个城市的气候变化与旅游全要素生产率之间的关系。研究使用面板数据, 温度和降水量作为气候变化的代理变量。模型分析了气候变化对旅游全要素生产率的直接效应与溢出效应, 并研究了政府干预与产业结构升级的机制效应。研究还考察了基于地理位置与经济发展水平的异质性影响, 提供了气候变化对城市旅游全要素生产率影响的综合分析。
研究发现
气候变化直接抑制旅游全要素生产率, 同时对邻近城市产生积极的溢出效应。东部城市及高经济水平地区对气候变化更为敏感, 影响强于中西部地区。研究发现, 政府干预与产业结构升级是气候变化影响中国城市旅游全要素生产率的关键机制。
原创性/价值
本研究填补了气候变化如何影响发展中国家, 尤其是中国, 旅游全要素生产率领域的研究空白。通过运用空间杜宾模型和面板数据分析, 提供了气候变化对旅游全要素生产率的直接效应与溢出效应的实证证据。研究强调了政府干预和产业结构升级作为气候变化影响旅游全要素生产率的主要机制。通过关注区域异质性与经济发展水平, 本研究为旅游企业与政策制定者应对气候变化挑战,提升生产力和竞争力提供了新的思路。
Objetivo
Este estudio examina el impacto del cambio climático en la productividad total de los factores (PTF) del turismo en las ciudades chinas. Utilizando la temperatura y las precipitaciones como indicadores del cambio climático, la investigación analiza tanto los efectos negativos directos del cambio climático sobre la productividad del turismo como los efectos indirectos positivos sobre las ciudades vecinas. Además, investiga cómo la ubicación geográfica y el desarrollo económico contribuyen a la variación de estos efectos. El estudio también explora los mecanismos a través de los cuales la intervención gubernamental y la mejora de la estructura industrial influyen en estos impactos.
Diseño/Metodología/Enfoque
Este estudio utiliza un modelo espacial de Durbin (SDM) para analizar la relación entre el cambio climático y la productividad total de los factores del turismo en 287 ciudades chinas entre 2000 y 2020. Se emplean datos de panel, en los que la temperatura y las precipitaciones sirven como variables sustitutivas del cambio climático. El modelo evalúa tanto los efectos directos como los indirectos del cambio climático sobre la productividad del turismo, al tiempo que analiza los mecanismos a través de los cuales la intervención gubernamental y la modernización industrial afectan a estas relaciones. El estudio examina además cómo influyen en los resultados la ubicación geográfica y el desarrollo económico.
Resultados
El estudio concluye que el cambio climático reduce directamente la productividad total de los factores del turismo, al tiempo que genera efectos indirectos positivos para las ciudades vecinas. Las ciudades de las regiones orientales y económicamente más desarrolladas son más sensibles al cambio climático y experimentan impactos más fuertes que las ciudades de las regiones centrales y occidentales. Los resultados sugieren que la intervención gubernamental y la mejora de la estructura industrial son mecanismos importantes a través de los cuales el cambio climático afecta a la productividad del turismo en las ciudades chinas.
Originalidad/Valor
Esta investigación llena un vacío en la literatura sobre cómo el cambio climático afecta a la productividad del turismo en los países en desarrollo, especialmente en China. Aplicando un modelo espacial de Durbin y un análisis de datos de panel, el estudio aporta pruebas empíricas sobre los efectos directos y indirectos del cambio climático en la productividad del turismo. Destaca el papel decisivo de la intervención pública y la modernización industrial como mecanismos que determinan el impacto del cambio climático, ofreciendo nuevas perspectivas a los responsables políticos y las empresas turísticas para afrontar los retos que plantea el cambio climático y mejorar la productividad y la competitividad.
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Xiaoqing Ni, Liang Zhang, Wenheng Wu, Dexiang Zhu, Decheng Kong, Chaofang Dong and Guoliang Zhu
Laser melting deposition (LMD) is an advanced additive manufacturing (AM) technology without powder waste, and nickel-based alloys with different Nb contents were created one-time…
Abstract
Purpose
Laser melting deposition (LMD) is an advanced additive manufacturing (AM) technology without powder waste, and nickel-based alloys with different Nb contents were created one-time by adjusting the ratio of mixed powders via a dual-feed system. Here, the authors provide a systematic report on the effects of the Nb content on the microstructure, Laves phase segregation and mechanical properties of as-received LMD nickel-based alloys. The effects of the Nb content on the microstructure, precipitation evolution and mechanical properties of the subsequent heat-treated LMD samples are also discussed in this paper.
Design/methodology/approach
Thus, the present research aims to obtain a better understanding of the effect of Nb content on the microstructural and mechanical properties of the as-received LMD Inconel 718 alloys through high-throughput sample fabrication. The microstructures were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy, electron back-scattered diffraction and transmission electron microscopy methods. The mechanical properties were obtained from compressive tests and nano-indentation tests. Electrochemical tests, including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarizations, were carried out to evaluate the durability of the Inconel 718 alloys. Results can provide a factual basis for future applications of the functionally graded by AM technology.
Findings
The grain size of the as-received LMD Inconel 718 alloys decreased with the Nb content. The Laves phase distribution at the macro level was relatively uniform and the Laves phase exhibited a 1.5-fold nano-hardness compared with the matrix. The strength improvement for the as-received LMD Inconel 718 alloys with Nb content was attributed to grain refinement and enhancement of the Laves phase in terms of both hardness and content. Meanwhile, the corrosion resistance increased with the increase of the Nb content, especially for the pitting potential, which was attributed to the optimization of carbide precipitates due to the strong affinity between niobium and carbon.
Originality/value
The results provide a factual basis for the Nb content effect in LMD nickel-based alloys, and this method can greatly promote the development of new materials. The authors believe that this study makes a significant contribution to the literature and is suitable for publication.
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Xiaoqing Chen, Xinwang Liu and Zaiwu Gong
The purpose of this paper is to combine the uncertain methods of type-2 fuzzy sets and data envelopment analysis (DEA) evaluation model together. A new type-2 fuzzy DEA efficiency…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to combine the uncertain methods of type-2 fuzzy sets and data envelopment analysis (DEA) evaluation model together. A new type-2 fuzzy DEA efficiency assessment method is established. Then the proposed procedure is applied to the poverty alleviation problem.
Design/methodology/approach
The research method is the DEA model, which is an effective method for efficiency assessment of social–economic systems. Considering the existence of the same efficiency values that cannot be ranked in the proposed DEA model, the balance index is introduced to solve the ranking problem of decision-making units effectively.
Findings
The results show that the proposed method can not only measure the efficiency of the existence of uncertain information but also deal with the ranking of multiple efficient decision-making units.
Originality/value
This paper selects type-2 fuzzy DEA model to express a lot of uncertain information in efficiency evaluation problems. We use the parameter decomposition method of type-2 fuzzy programming or the type-2 expectation values indirectly. The balance index is proposed to further distinguish the multiple effective decision-making units. Furthermore, this paper selects rural poverty alleviation in Hainan Province as a case study to verify the feasibility of the method. The relative efficiency values in different years are calculated and analyzed.
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Lina Si, Yan Pan, Xiaoqing Zhang, Jie Wang, Jia Yao, Yanjie Wang, Fengbin Liu and Feng He
This paper aims to clarify the effects of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) additives and room temperature ionic liquids (ILs) on the tribological performance of electric contacts.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to clarify the effects of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) additives and room temperature ionic liquids (ILs) on the tribological performance of electric contacts.
Design/methodology/approach
Tribological properties of copper (Cu) and silver (Ag) NPs as lubricant additives in different lubricants of ILs or polyalphaolefin (PAO) oils under applied electric currents were investigated. After tribological tests, morphologies of worn surfaces were observed; meanwhile, lubrication and anti-wear properties were analyzed.
Findings
The mixture solution of the IL and Cu NPs showed desirable lubrication and anti-wear properties due to the reduction of electrocorrosion and the enhancement of rolling effects of particles in the contact region. The anti-wear performance of Cu NPs is better than that of Ag NPs due to the difference in the particle size. The PAO oil with the Cu NPs additives showed poor lubrication properties due to the low solubility of the particles in the oil. When the direction of applied current was changed, the friction of the lubricant with better conductivity was more stable in the variation trend.
Originality/value
This paper begins with a study of tribological properties of Cu and Ag NPs as lubricant additives in different lubricants of IL or PAO oils under applied electric currents. The authors then propose several methods and possible solutions which could be implemented to improve the tribological performance of electric contacts.
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Xigang Yuan, Zujun Ma and Xiaoqing Zhang
This paper investigates the dynamic pricing strategy of a firm for the successive-generation products under the conditions of the limited trade-in duration and strategic…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper investigates the dynamic pricing strategy of a firm for the successive-generation products under the conditions of the limited trade-in duration and strategic customers. Further, it explores the effect of a limited trade-in duration on the choice of the myopic and strategic customers, besides the optimal dynamic pricing and trade-in strategy of the firm.
Design/methodology/approach
Based on the choice behavior of the myopic and strategic customers, the authors have developed a two-period game-theoretic analytical model to decide the optimal retail prices of the successive-generation products and the optimal trade-in rebate when the firm adopts a dynamic pricing strategy and then investigate three extensions of the basic model to discuss the change in the results owing to the relaxation of certain conditions.
Findings
The authors find from the results that, in terms of profit maximization, it is better to extend the limited trade-in duration, and hence, the firm should implement a dynamic pricing strategy. However, in the situation of using a static pricing strategy, the firm should extend the limited trade-in duration only if the incremental value of the new generation products is below a certain threshold. Moreover, the firm should use a dual rollover strategy instead of a single rollover one. If all customers in the market are myopic, then the firm should also extend the limited trade-in duration.
Research limitations/implications
This study mainly discusses the impact of limited trade-in duration on the firm's dynamic pricing strategy when facing strategic customers, which provides several directions for future research. First, if the government offers subsidies to consumers, how will strategic consumers make purchase decisions? How would the enterprise make its pricing decision? Second, when asymmetric information exists between consumers and firms, how will it affect consumers' choice behavior and firms' pricing decisions? All these issues are worth exploring in the future.
Practical implications
These results offer certain managerial insights for the firm in the decision making on pricing within the trade-in program.
Originality/value
This is the first work to study the dynamic pricing strategy of the firm for the successive-generation products under the conditions of the limited trade-in duration and strategic customers. Further, this work discusses the changes in results owing to the relaxation of certain conditions.