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Article
Publication date: 4 January 2019

Wenhao Wang, Rujing Shi, Wei Zhang, Haibin Sun, Xiaolu Ge and Chengfeng Li

The purpose of this paper is to improve the generation efficiency of singlet oxygen of methylene blue molecules through finely controlling their aggregation states in drug…

224

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to improve the generation efficiency of singlet oxygen of methylene blue molecules through finely controlling their aggregation states in drug carriers.

Design/methodology/approach

As a photosensitiser in photodynamic therapy, methylene blue (MB) was loaded on citrate-modified hydroxyapatite (HAp) through an electrostatic interaction and followed by encapsulation of coordination complexes of tannic acid (TA) and Fe(III) ions. Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum of the supernatant after incubation of samples was recorded at certain time interval to investigate the release behaviour of MB. Photodynamic activity of MB was determined by the oxidation reaction of uric acid by singlet oxygen generated by MB under illumination.

Findings

Almost all MB molecules were immediately released from HAp-MB, whilst an initial burst release of MB from HAp-MB@TA was followed by a sustainable and pH-sensitised release. In comparison with HAp-MB, photocatalystic reduction of HAp-MB@TA by titanium dioxide hardly occurred under illumination, indicating the stability against reduction to leukomethylene blue in vitro. Generation efficiency of singlet oxygen by MB released from HAp-MB@TA was significantly higher than that from HAp-MB because of the control of TA and Fe(III) ions complexes on molecular structures of released MB.

Originality/value

A facile method was herein demonstrated to optimise the generation efficiency of singlet oxygen by controlling aggregation states of PS molecules and improve PDT efficiency to damage tumour tissues.

Details

Pigment & Resin Technology, vol. 48 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0369-9420

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Article
Publication date: 26 November 2024

Xiaolu Cui, Yacun Ge, Yushan Xiao, Hongwei Zhang, Yayun Qi, Haohao Ding, Lichang Guo and Xiaobo Zhao

The purpose of this study is to systematically investigate the novel phenomenon of rail corrugation on small radius curves with rail joints in mountainous city metros…

29

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to systematically investigate the novel phenomenon of rail corrugation on small radius curves with rail joints in mountainous city metros, characterized by the coexistence of short and long wavelengths (30–40 mm and 150–200 mm) on the low rail.

Design/methodology/approach

The finite element model of the wheel-rail system in the section with rail joint is constructed based on field surveys. The friction-coupled vibration characteristics of the wheel-rail system are studied from the perspective of friction self-excited vibration of the wheel-rail system and feedback vibration of the rail irregularity.

Findings

The rail corrugation with short wavelength is primarily induced by the friction self-excited vibration of wheel-rail system. In contrast, the rail corrugation with long wavelength is predominantly caused by the feedback vibration of rail joint irregularity. Additionally, the feedback vibration of corrugated irregularity accelerates the progression of corrugation depth without triggering the emergence of rail corrugation with new wavelength.

Originality/value

The research advances the understanding of the vibration inducement behind rail corrugation in mountainous city metros.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

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Article
Publication date: 24 February 2012

Xiaolu Zhou and Masud Parves Rana

The purpose of this paper is to review the topic “urban green space” focusing on its social benefits and measure techniques in terms of monetary value and accessibility. It…

10255

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to review the topic “urban green space” focusing on its social benefits and measure techniques in terms of monetary value and accessibility. It suggests potential research direction by using an integrated valuation and measurement framework, and concludes that urban green space valuation in the providers’ perspective as well as accessibility analysis in the consumers’ perspective are useful tools that provide significant measure techniques in urban green space planning.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper uses a systematic approach to build up a conceptual framework that quantifies social benefits of green space from provider and consumer perspectives. The literature review indicates some limitations of existing techniques of valuation and accessibility analyses, which entails an integrated model of measurements.

Findings

The paper explores social benefits of urban green space, which includes recreational opportunities, aesthetic enjoyments, adjusting psychological well‐being and physical health, enhancing social ties, and providing educational opportunities. To analyze existing evaluation and measure techniques of urban green space, the paper points out that a single measurement only evaluates certain aspects of urban green space, which may not always be suitable to comprehensively assess social benefits from both providers’ and consumers’ perspectives. Considering this limitation, the paper offers an integrated model to measure urban green space that may deal with current limitations.

Originality/value

The originality of the study resides in designing an integrated model including valuation and measure techniques. It certainly offers an important avenue to evaluate social benefits of urban green space.

Details

Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, vol. 23 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1477-7835

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Article
Publication date: 11 April 2023

Zhaoqiang Zhong and Zhiguang Chen

This paper aims to explore the impact of business environment on high-quality economic development (HQED) and clarify the role of technological innovation and government…

1108

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to explore the impact of business environment on high-quality economic development (HQED) and clarify the role of technological innovation and government intervention in this relationship.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on China’s provincial panel data from 2010 to 2019, this paper adopts the system generalized method of moments to empirically analyze the influential mechanism and heterogeneity of the business environment on HQED. Furthermore, the authors construct a dynamic panel threshold model to test the threshold effect of government intervention.

Findings

The results indicate that optimizing the business environment can significantly promote HQED, technological innovation plays a partial mediating role in the impact of business environment on HQED, mainly by enhancing the intensity of innovation input and increasing innovation output to facilitate HQED. Government intervention can regulate the impact of business environment on HQED, and there is a double threshold effect, and it possesses an inverted U-shaped feature of first promoting and then inhibiting.

Originality/value

This paper examines the influence path of business environment on HQED from the perspective of technological innovation and government intervention, filling the gap in the study of provincial business environment. Moreover, the conclusions furnish a theoretical basis for optimizing the business environment and facilitating the HQED in China.

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Article
Publication date: 1 October 2006

Stephen L. Morgan

Management is a “hot field” in China, yet little has been written in English about the history of management in China. Contrary to contemporary management literature, the paper…

2761

Abstract

Purpose

Management is a “hot field” in China, yet little has been written in English about the history of management in China. Contrary to contemporary management literature, the paper aims to show that Chinese entrepreneurs and managers were exposed to modern management ideas from the early twentieth century. The paper is an initial exploration of the transfer of managerial knowledge to China, especially Scientific Management, during the interwar period.

Design/methodology/approach

Draws on Chinese journal articles and books from 1910‐1930s, supplemented with archive materials and secondary sources in Chinese and English.

Findings

Chinese industrialists, officials and academics were attracted to Taylor's ideas of scientific management during the 1920s and 1930s, which were experimented with on a wider scale than is commonly realized. The interest in “new” management extended beyond industrialists and industry officials to reportage in the popular press.

Research limitations/implications

Future research should consider first how new ideas about management and organization were implemented on the shopfloor in individual Chinese enterprises, and second examine the role of social networks constituted by native place, industry ties and professional association membership in the diffusion of managerial ideas among the Chinese business elite of the period.

Originality/value

The paper shows that the transfer to China of modern management as an ideas system was not a recent phenomenon, but part of a century‐long process of transfer and adaptation of western management theory and practice.

Details

Journal of Management History, vol. 12 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1751-1348

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Article
Publication date: 9 July 2024

Xin Liu, Shengda Cui, Chenxi Du and Eric R. Brisker

The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between Chinese female executives and corporate risk-taking the contingencies that affect this relationship.

130

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between Chinese female executives and corporate risk-taking the contingencies that affect this relationship.

Design/methodology/approach

A integrated theoretical framework was established, on the basis of which theoretical hypotheses were developed and tested using 20,315 firm-year observations collected from China’s publicly listed companies during the period 2005–2020. Data were collected from China's Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share Stock Exchanges and analyzed using a moderated regression analysis, PSM, 2SLS-IV and PSM-DID model.

Findings

The empirical results indicate a negative effect of the ratio of female executives in top management team on corporate risk-taking, and this negative effect can be weakened by the social capital of board directors and the regional marketization.

Research limitations/implications

The paper contributes to research on the relationship between female executives and risk-taking by considering the effect of eastern culture on female executives’ business decision-making and examining the moderating factors inside and outside the firm.

Practical implications

The paper illustrates the active steps that corporations can take to enhance female executives' willingness and capacity to take firm-related risks so as to improve the firm value in the long run.

Originality/value

The paper explores how Chinese culture and Chinese traditional value affect female executives’ decision-making on risky projects or uncertain investments. In addition, our study for the first time examines the moderating effect of board social capital as an internal factor and marketization as an external one on the relationship between Chinese female executives and corporate risk taking. The research examines the gender inequality in the work and competitive environment facing female executives in the areas of different marketization level, which would affect female executives’ cognition and motivation in corporate risk taking.

Details

International Journal of Managerial Finance, vol. 21 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1743-9132

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Article
Publication date: 9 October 2009

Lihua Wang, Joel Nicholson and Jun Zhu

The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review and critique of what we already know about pay systems in Chinese state‐owned enterprises, to identify the gaps in…

1897

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review and critique of what we already know about pay systems in Chinese state‐owned enterprises, to identify the gaps in the literature and to stimulate more research in this area.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper first describes the policy issues at the macro‐level (government policies) in order to put micro‐level pay practices in a pertinent context. Then the paper provides a detailed review and critique on current empirical studies on pay practices in Chinese enterprises, their antecedents and consequences. Finally, the paper identifies potential research questions and provides some directions for future research.

Findings

The paper concludes from the extensive review of the current literature that the following research areas merit attention: Why do some firms pay their employees more than other firms? Why do we observe different types of internal pay structures among firms? What are the consequences of these different structures? Why is the link between pay and performance weak in some firms but strong in others? Under what conditions pay‐for‐performance enhances firm performance?

Originality/value

The paper is one of the most comprehensive reviews of the literature on compensation practices of Chinese companies.

Details

Chinese Management Studies, vol. 3 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1750-614X

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Article
Publication date: 19 September 2017

Mai Nguyen-Phuong-Mai

The purpose of this paper is to conduct a critical analysis to address cultural metaphors – a much overlooked aspect of cross-cultural studies. Mainstream cultural metaphors (e.g…

773

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to conduct a critical analysis to address cultural metaphors – a much overlooked aspect of cross-cultural studies. Mainstream cultural metaphors (e.g. the iceberg, the software of the mind, the onion, and the distance) are not only limited in number, but are also overwhelmingly based on the static paradigm – as opposed to the dynamic paradigm that is often sidelined in academic discourse.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper introduces the Diagram of Diversity Pathways – an interdisciplinary framework that sheds some light on how the inherent meaning and heuristic orientation of static cultural metaphors may stand at odds with evidence from the newly emerged field of neurobiology.

Findings

The implications of these metaphors are called into question, namely, culture is all about differences; values are stable; values guide behaviors; and values are seen as binaries.

Research limitations/implications

The paper suggests that theorists and practitioners should pay more attention to the contribution and scholarly work of the dynamic paradigm since there appears to be substantial compatibility between them.

Originality/value

The matching of neurobiology and dynamic paradigm brings into focus alternative metaphors which not only offer insightful perspectives but also may open doors to perceive culture in a new way. Furthermore, cultural metaphors deserve more academic scrutiny because metaphors and theory development can have a symbiotic existence.

Details

Cross Cultural & Strategic Management, vol. 24 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2059-5794

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Article
Publication date: 25 February 2014

Erming Xu and Hui Yang

Although it has been proved in the macro level, that institutional quality (IQ) has significant influence on a country's economic growth, international trading, resource…

181

Abstract

Purpose

Although it has been proved in the macro level, that institutional quality (IQ) has significant influence on a country's economic growth, international trading, resource allocation, development strategy and others, its direct influence on micro level, or firm level still remains ambiguous. In this article, the authors aim to focus on the influence of IQ of a company's original region on its financial performance. The authors choose H share companies as the sample and try to answer an interesting question that whether original region matters during the development of a company in abroad stock market.

Design/methodology/approach

This article uses a panel data of 120 H share firms, each ranges from 2005 to 2009. First, the authors use sectional analysis by SPSS19.0 to test the correlations and primary relationship among variables. Then, the authors use ordinary linear square (OLS) regression model to test the hypotheses with cross-sectional to reveal the primary results. In the end, the authors use STATA 11.0 to test panel data to decide the final results.

Findings

The authors concluded that private sector development and product market development have positive effects on corporate financial performance, while laws and regulations development have negative effect. Type of the first shareholder plays an important role partly between region IQ and corporate financial performance: to governance-CFP relationship, non-state shareholders perform better than state ones; to product market-CFP relationship, state shareholders perform better non-state ones.

Practical implications

In practices perspective, this conclusion is also inspirative. This study has implications for executives, too, and should help them to better manage their ownership structure. The results suggest that managers should choose first shareholder with critical thinking. Another way, this study has implications for governments-company interactions. It suggests that governments should engage in building an institution with high quality, so that every company will benefit from it.

Originality/value

This article is the first research on region-level relationship between IQ and corporate financial performance, which is consistent with the multi-level structure of institution concept. And the authors employ H share companies as the sample, which revealed more about the conflict between governance and market embedded in regional institution.

Details

Nankai Business Review International, vol. 5 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2040-8749

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Article
Publication date: 13 March 2023

Ka Leung Lok, Ian van der Pool, Andrew J. Smith, Alex Opoku and Ka Lam Cheung

This viewpoint paper aims to discuss sustainable digitalisation of facilities management (FM) through the implementation of the newly recognised International Organization for…

850

Abstract

Purpose

This viewpoint paper aims to discuss sustainable digitalisation of facilities management (FM) through the implementation of the newly recognised International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards within the ISO 41000 series.

Design/methodology/approach

This viewpoint paper provides a review of the literature of the recent ISO documents and academic study. The content is also dependent on the authors’ opinions and interpretation.

Findings

FM is currently shifting emphasis towards a strategic focus through the adoption of the new recognised international ISO standards that consider sustainable digitalisation in business decisions. However, the FM sector is encountering potential risks to the implementation of the new recognised international ISO standards. Digitalisation is one kind of force that has shaped the management of the built environment and FM recently and rapidly, especially in the Covid-19 period. This is impacting the FM industry. As standardisation aims at establishing a constantly evolving baseline of proven practices, standardisation can be considered a part of sustainable FM. It is believed that standardised and strategic level support is crucial for the smooth adoption of sustainable FM practices and processes. Standards such as the ISO standards, applied to the global FM industry, help in objectively quantifying the added value of FM to the core business. Advanced technology and digitalisation can contribute to the sustainability of any profession and industry, but it also requires a community to tackle the problems.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to the FM industry by making recommendations for improvement in the use of digitalisation. In summary, the significant finding of this viewpoint paper is that digitalisation offers both possibilities and problems in the application of the new recognised international ISO standards within the FM industry.

Details

Facilities , vol. 41 no. 5/6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0263-2772

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