WHEN DEVELOPING SYSTEMS for a new aircraft, analytical and drawing techniques are used as far as possible to solve the various technical problems but there inevitably comes a…
Abstract
WHEN DEVELOPING SYSTEMS for a new aircraft, analytical and drawing techniques are used as far as possible to solve the various technical problems but there inevitably comes a point in the design where there is a need for assistance from some form of testing. The fuel system is no exception to this. Only in a very few minor cases can this work be delayed until the first aircraft is built; in the majority of cases the problems are of a fundamental nature which require a solution at an early stage in the design.
Daniel Marcsa and Miklós Kuczmann
The purpose of this paper is to present the importance of model accuracy in closed loop control by the help of parallel finite element model of a voltage-fed solenoid with iron…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present the importance of model accuracy in closed loop control by the help of parallel finite element model of a voltage-fed solenoid with iron core.
Design/methodology/approach
The axisymmetric formulation of the domain decomposition-based circuit-coupled finite element method (FEM) is embedded in a closed loop control system. The control parameters for the proportional-integral (PI) controller were estimated using the step response of the analytical, static and dynamic model of the solenoid. The controller measures the error of the output of the model after each time step and controls the applied voltage to reach the steady state as fast as possible.
Findings
The results of the closed loop system simulation show why the model accuracy is important in the stage of the controller design. The FEM offers higher accuracy that the analytic model attained with magnetic circuit theory, because the inductance and resistance variation already take into account in the numerical calculation. Furthermore, parallel FEM incorporating domain decomposition to reduce the increased computation time.
Originality/value
A closed loop control with PI controllers is applied for a voltage driven finite element model. The high computation time of the numerical model in the control loop is decreased by the finite element tearing and interconnecting method with direct and iterative solver.
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The origin of this chapter lies in a presentation by a colleague whose work I admire. Drawing on their extensive experience, they have developed guidance for schools to support…
Abstract
The origin of this chapter lies in a presentation by a colleague whose work I admire. Drawing on their extensive experience, they have developed guidance for schools to support children with special educational needs. Their conclusion was that teachers could adopt an eclectic approach, utilizing and combining different interventions as appropriate. The notion of utilizing different teaching approaches to facilitate inclusive education seemed accepted as unproblematic. However, I began to wonder about what happens when teaching approaches are based on conflicting views about the nature of how children learn. This led me to consider a more fundamental question. Do teachers’ own beliefs about how knowledge is created and how children develop (their personal epistemological beliefs) have an impact on their practice and children’s experiences in inclusive classrooms? Answering this question leads to the ethical issue of whether all ways of thinking about how children learn are compatible with teaching in inclusive schools, and the consequences that arise in seeking an answer.
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The Multifile Multidisciplinary (Horizontal) Search (MMS) approach to searching online databases, is characterised by the use of an especially large number of files spanning a…
Abstract
The Multifile Multidisciplinary (Horizontal) Search (MMS) approach to searching online databases, is characterised by the use of an especially large number of files spanning a wide variety of disciplines, provided by any given vendor, in order to solve a given information problem. This is in contrast to the traditional ‘vertical’ search approach, which emphasises file specialisation and searching in a small number of files; tens to hundreds of files may be used when implementing the MMS approach. In addition MMS enables the development of new information ‘products’, maximal use of a vendor's database, identification of the files best suited for initial searching and hard‐to‐locate sources of data and information.
Sheng Teng Huang, Emrah Bulut, Okan Duru and Shigeru Yoshida
The national logistics policy report published by Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Tourism in 2011 proposes to establish international logistics strategy teams in 10 different…
Abstract
The national logistics policy report published by Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Tourism in 2011 proposes to establish international logistics strategy teams in 10 different regions around Japan to satisfy the increasing demand for advance transportation infrastructure and stay competitive in Asia Pacific. The globalization of world economies creates many opportunities as well as challenges for international logistics companies to gain more business chances in this changing environment. The purpose of this paper is to improve service quality of international logistics companies and explores the quality function deployment in terms of quality evaluation method. The logistics service is particularly characterized by offering a series of transport solution and including other logistics activities. The major customers of the logistics services are the industrial clients. The customer satisfaction is key managerial mission since the competitiveness is a growing issue in this industry. The quality function deployment is one of the unique procedures to expose the requirements of customer and transform them into managerial tasks by cross correlation analysis between requirements and technical measures. The empirical study is performed to investigate service quality of the logistics industry by focusing on a group of leading logistics companies.
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The author argues that we must stop and take a look at what our insistence on human labour as the basis of our society is doing to us, and begin to search for possible…
Abstract
The author argues that we must stop and take a look at what our insistence on human labour as the basis of our society is doing to us, and begin to search for possible alternatives. We need the vision and the courage to aim for the highest level of technology attainable for the widest possible use in both industry and services. We need financial arrangements that will encourage people to invent themselves out of work. Our goal, the article argues, must be the reduction of human labour to the greatest extent possible, to free people for more enjoyable, creative, human activities.
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The Food and Drugs Bill introduced by the Government affords an excellent illustration of the fact that repressive legislative enactments in regard to adulteration must always be…
Abstract
The Food and Drugs Bill introduced by the Government affords an excellent illustration of the fact that repressive legislative enactments in regard to adulteration must always be of such a nature that, while they give a certain degree and a certain kind of protection to the public, they can never be expected to supply a sufficiently real and effective insurance against adulteration and against the palming off of inferior goods, nor an adequate and satisfactory protection to the producer and vendor of superior articles. In this country, at any rate, legislation on the adulteration question has always been, and probably will always be of a somewhat weak and patchy character, with the defects inevitably resulting from more or less futile attempts to conciliate a variety of conflicting interests. The Bill as it stands, for instance, fails to deal in any way satisfactorily with the subject of preservatives, and, if passed in its present form, will give the force of law to the standards of Somerset House—standards which must of necessity be low and the general acceptance of which must tend to reduce the quality of foods and drugs to the same dead‐level of extreme inferiority. The ludicrous laissez faire report of the Beer Materials Committee—whose authors see no reason to interfere with the unrestricted sale of the products of the “ free mash tun,” or, more properly speaking, of the free adulteration tun—affords a further instance of what is to be expected at present and for many years to come as the result of governmental travail and official meditations. Public feeling is developing in reference to these matters. There is a growing demand for some system of effective insurance, official or non‐official, based on common‐sense and common honesty ; and it is on account of the plain necessity that the quibbles and futilities attaching to repressive legislation shall by some means be brushed aside that we have come to believe in the power and the value of the system of Control, and that we advocate its general acceptance. The attitude and the policy of the INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON ADULTERATION, of the BRITISH FOOD JOURNAL, and of the BRITISH ANALYTICAL CONTROL, are in all respects identical with regard to adulteration questions; and in answer to the observations and suggestions which have been put forward since the introduction of the Control System in England, it may be well once more to state that nothing will meet with the approbation or support of the Control which is not pure, genuine, and good in the strictest sense of these terms. Those applicants and critics whom it may concern may with advantage take notice of the fact that under no circumstances will approval be given to such articles as substitute beers, separated milks, coppered vegetables, dyed sugars, foods treated with chemical preservatives, or, in fact, to any food or drug which cannot be regarded as in every respect free from any adulterant, and free from any suspicion of sophistication or inferiority. The supply of such articles as those referred to, which is left more or less unfettered by the cumbrous machinery of the law, as well as the sale of those adulterated goods with which the law can more easily deal, can only be adequately held in check by the application of a strong system of Control to justify approbation, providing, as this does, the only effective form of insurance which up to the present has been devised.