Little is known about the strategies used by state courts during the appropriations process. This article examines court budgetary practices in the state of Oklahoma. It reveals…
Abstract
Little is known about the strategies used by state courts during the appropriations process. This article examines court budgetary practices in the state of Oklahoma. It reveals how court funding works in Oklahoma, what strategies are used by the state courts, and which factors are most important in determining the success of the courts in getting the funds they need. It shows that the judiciary is not necessarily at the mercy of the other branches of government when seeking resources. The findings provide the first glimpse at court budgeting strategies and determinants of these strategies’ success at the state level.
WITH the introduction of high‐powered propulsion systems, and paralleling their continued development, an accompanying increase in acoustical problems has arisen.
The objectives of specifications published by the Joint FAO/WHOExpert Committee on Food Additives are examined, and an explanation isgiven of the justification for a recent…
Abstract
The objectives of specifications published by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives are examined, and an explanation is given of the justification for a recent revision of the specification for gum arabic (Acacia senegal). Differences from the earlier version are summarised. The Revised Specification is a considerable improvement in chemical terms and offers increased protection for importers, deemed to be the manufacturers of consignments from the producing countries, and for food processors responsible for making labelling declarations. Unfortunately the maximum degree of safety assurance for consumers, which they are entitled to expect, is still not guaranteed. The revised specification remains inadequate to ensure that gum arabic in foodstuffs originates from the specified source, or complies in terms of identity, composition and quality with that of the test article selected for the toxicological evaluations that led to its classification as “ADI not specified” in 1983. The loopholes available to companies which may not be prepared voluntarily to accept the principles of good manufacturing practice are indicated.
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NO component of the modern aero and automobile engine has been more uncertain in action and more troublesome in service than the valve spring.
DOUGLAS and Carmichael (REF. 1) have suggested formulae relating the compressive strength at failure of short circular tubes with their ultimate tensile strength and…
Abstract
DOUGLAS and Carmichael (REF. 1) have suggested formulae relating the compressive strength at failure of short circular tubes with their ultimate tensile strength and thickness/radius ratio. Robertson (REF. 2) has tested Southwell's theoretical formula for thin‐walled circular tubes. Further tests on medium and thick tubes by the author have indicated that the new data and that of Douglas and Carmichael can best be correlated by the inclusion of yet another property of the tube material. The representation, within the specified limits, is extremely good and taken in conjunction with existing data on thin tubes, the strength of tubes under this loading condition can be predicted over a wide range of material properties and geometrical dimensions. Also included in the author's data are extensometer tests over the elastic and early plastic regions of compression. A comparison of the resultant proof stresses with those of control tensile tests verifies their equality except under certain interesting conditions.
OWING to the complexity of the calculations necessary to determine the motion of the parts of an undercarriage during landing it is usually advisable to subject the combination of…
Abstract
OWING to the complexity of the calculations necessary to determine the motion of the parts of an undercarriage during landing it is usually advisable to subject the combination of wheel and shock‐absorbing strut to a representative dynamic test.
WOOD though in many ways an attractive structural material has the disadvantage of being water absorbent. In itself this characteristic would be of minor significance were it not…
Abstract
WOOD though in many ways an attractive structural material has the disadvantage of being water absorbent. In itself this characteristic would be of minor significance were it not for the fact that it is accompanied by considerable swelling at right angles to the axes of the wood fibres. Great interest is being shown at the present time in the possibility of reducing this swelling by the use of synthetic resins. In this article the possibility of preventing swelling by such means is discussed and it is concluded that complete immunity from swelling could only be attained at the expense of the strength of the wood. The article gives an original analysis which enables the magnitude of swelling to be predicted and the expression derived is shown to be in agreement with experiment.
This preliminary investigation has shown that the programme load method of testing provides more useful information than single load level tests enabling a more reliable estimate…
Abstract
This preliminary investigation has shown that the programme load method of testing provides more useful information than single load level tests enabling a more reliable estimate of a structural joint fatigue life to be obtained.
XiaoHu Wang and Kuotsai Tom Liou
This study assesses the change in states’ financial condition by examining their financial data in fiscal years (FY) 2003 and 2004. It explores and explains how much the change…
Abstract
This study assesses the change in states’ financial condition by examining their financial data in fiscal years (FY) 2003 and 2004. It explores and explains how much the change was, how it occurred, and whether and how closely the change might respond to states’ socioeconomic development. The study finds that states’ financial condition varied significantly from FY 2003 to FY 2004. Changes in different aspects of financial condition are interrelated, although these changes may not occur simultaneously at the same pace. The change in financial condition may result from the multi-year cumulative socioeconomic development in personal income and employment, but not in population. The impact of personal income and employment on financial condition of a government is likely long term; it may take 3-4 years for the growth in personal income and employment to benefit a government’s financial condition. The results also suggest that the cumulative improvement of personal income and employment for consecutive years prior to a fiscal year is more likely to improve the financial condition of that year than a personal income or employment increase that follows an up-and-down pattern of growth. These findings can be used to develop effective strategies to improve financial conditions in government.
Under this heading are published regularly abstracts of all Reports and Memoranda of the Aeronautical Research Committee, Reports and Technical Notes of the United States National…
Abstract
Under this heading are published regularly abstracts of all Reports and Memoranda of the Aeronautical Research Committee, Reports and Technical Notes of the United States National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics and publications of other similar Research Bodies as issued