Priya Singh, Vandana Niranjan and Ashwni Kumar
Recent advancements in the domain of smart communication systems and technologies have led to the augmented developments for very large scale integrated circuit designs in…
Abstract
Purpose
Recent advancements in the domain of smart communication systems and technologies have led to the augmented developments for very large scale integrated circuit designs in electro-magnetic applications. Increasing demands for low power, compact area and superior figure of merit–oriented circuit designs are the trends of the recent research studies. Hence, to accomplish such applications intended for optical communications, the transimpedance amplifier (TIA) was designed.
Design/methodology/approach
In this research work, the authors present a multi-layer active feedback structure which mainly composes a transimpedance stage and a gain stage followed by a low pass filter. This structure enables to achieve improved input impedance and superior gain. A simplified cascaded amplifier has also been designed in a hierarchical topology to improvise the noise effect further. The proposed TIA has been designed using Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company 45 nm complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology. Moreover, the thermal noise has been analyzed at −3 dB bandwidth to prove the reduction in thermal noise with increase in frequency for most of the devices used in the designed circuit.
Findings
The proposed differential TIA circuit was found to obtain the transimpedance gain of 50.1 dBO without applying any external bias current which is almost 8% improvised as compared to the conventional circuit. In addition to this, bandwidth achieved was 2.15 GHz along with only 38 W of power consumption, which is reasonably 100 times improvised in comparison of conventional circuit. Hence, the proposed differential TIA is suitable for the low power optical communications applications intended to work on low supply voltage.
Originality/value
The designed work is done by authors in university lab premises and is not copied from anywhere. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is 100% original.
Details
Keywords
- Power consumption
- Bandwidth
- Noise analysis
- Optical communication system
- Thermal noise
- 2C transimpedance amplifier
- −3 dB bandwidth
- Input impedance
- Transimpedance gain
- Cascaded amplifier
- Active feedback
- Optical receivers
- Push pull inverter
- Average noise density
- Corner analysis
- Process voltage temperature analysis
Vandana Niranjan and Maneesha Gupta
Real‐time multiplication of two analog signals is one of the most important operations in analogue signal processing. Driven by low‐power and low‐voltage requirements for…
Abstract
Purpose
Real‐time multiplication of two analog signals is one of the most important operations in analogue signal processing. Driven by low‐power and low‐voltage requirements for integrated mixedsignal portable applications, the paper's aim is to propose a novel four‐quadrant low‐voltage analog multiplier using dynamic threshold MOS transistors (DTMOS).
Design/methodology/approach
The SPICE simulations were performed with 0.25 μm technology parameters and results verify the performance of the circuit. The multiplier is simulated at low‐supply voltage of ±0.5 V.
Findings
The proposed multiplier has high linearity and simple structure hence it is suitable for high‐performance and low‐power analog VLSI applications.
Originality/value
A new low‐voltage four quadrant analog multiplier using DTMOS circuit topology is presented in the paper.
Details
Keywords
Irshad Nazeer, K.D.V. Prasad, Arunmozhi Mudiatpan, Sudhansu Sekhar Nanda, Jitendra Sharma and Kirti Agarwal
The main aim of the existing study is to assess work-home interaction which is a challenge to human resource management (HRM).
Abstract
Purpose
The main aim of the existing study is to assess work-home interaction which is a challenge to human resource management (HRM).
Design/methodology/approach
The existing research is primary in nature. The sample size of the study is 285. The responses obtained from structured questionnaire. The qualitative data collected from secondary sources. For quantitative analysis various statistical tools have been applied, namely, Cronbach Alpha test, Correlation analysis and Regression analysis. The variables understudy was work environment, training opportunities, career opportunities, pay structure and technology factors.
Findings
As the recent pandemic continues to spread, all institutions should essentially remain alert and adaptable to new circumstances. HRM was essential throughout the pandemic, but now more than ever HR professionals must go above and beyond to meet the demands of organizations. The purpose of this study was to illuminate some of the most significant HR concerns that have surfaced in the aftermath of recent pandemics.
Social implications
Employees' perspectives on work and life have shifted as a result of the added stress brought on by pandemic. So, businesses should provide crucial care to their workers' spirits and also HR professionals should pay close attention to their concerns and address the same thoughtfully.
Originality/value
The research adds to the current literature by illuminating the additional HR difficulties that have emerged in the wake of the global epidemic. More research may reveal additional significant HR difficulties, but these are a good place to start.
Details
Keywords
Rofikoh Rokhim, Iin Mayasari and Permata Wulandari
This study aims to analyze the adoption of the people entrepreneurship credit with online platform – a government-sponsored subsidy of small and medium enterprises to reduce…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to analyze the adoption of the people entrepreneurship credit with online platform – a government-sponsored subsidy of small and medium enterprises to reduce poverty and to improve welfare – in the Central Java, Indonesia. The objective of the research is also to analyze the motivation of small and medium enterprises to adopt the credit with online platform in supporting business activities. The research framework used the technology acceptance model – the effect of perception of usefulness, perception of ease of use, subjective norm and four As – availability, affordability, awareness, acceptability and trust – to analyze them as the determinants on the intention to adopt the People Entrepreneurship Credit.
Design/methodology/approach
The quantitative method with survey was deployed in the study by distributing questionnaires. The number of collected data was 380 credit users, and the criteria used for the respondents were the small entrepreneurs with the use of the people entrepreneurship credit as the micro credit program.
Findings
Results indicated that perception of usefulness, perception of ease of use, subjective norm, availability, trust and affordability have direct effect on the intention to adopt the credit. Interestingly, the strongest direct effect on the adoption intention was more likely to come from the perception of ease of use. Meanwhile, awareness and acceptability have no direct effect on the intention to adopt.
Originality/value
This study provides new theoretical insights regarding the implementation of technology acceptance model to analyze the intention to adopt and the analysis of four As concept. The findings of the study will provide a better strategy for banking as service industries in formulating the program of credit access for the entrepreneurs to run the business properly.
Details
Keywords
Muhammad Dharma Tuah Putra Nasution, Ahmad Rafiki, Adelina Lubis and Yossie Rossanty
The purpose of this study is to examine the dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation (EO), knowledge management process (KMP) and dynamic capability (DC) toward the adoption of…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine the dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation (EO), knowledge management process (KMP) and dynamic capability (DC) toward the adoption of electronic commerce (e-commerce) of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in North Sumatera.
Design/methodology/approach
This study used a quantitative methodology using Smart PLS of structural equation model. A survey is done by distributing the questionnaires to the respondents (owner-managers) of SMEs across sectors. Using a convenient sampling technique, 131 respondents were selected. Using a cross-sectional survey design, 11 hypotheses were tested.
Findings
It is found that both innovativeness and proactiveness of EO have a significant relationship with e-commerce adoption (EA), while the risk-taking of EO is found as insignificant. Both risk-taking and proactiveness of EO are significantly related to KMP, but innovation of EO is found to be insignificant. Moreover, KMP significantly mediates the relationship between risk-taking and proactiveness of EO and EA, while KMP insignificantly mediates the relationship between innovativeness of EO and EA. Finally, it is found that DC has a significant relationship in EA.
Originality/value
By using the resource based-theory, the study on the decision of EA by SMEs is conducted which focuses on a number of internal and external factors influencing the adoption decision. This differs from other studies using theories of the technological, organizational and environmental, theory of acceptance and use of technology, theory of planned behavior, theory of reasoned action and others which emphasized on the implementation and usage of EA.