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Article
Publication date: 1 August 2002

O. Aleksić, V. Desnica, M. Luković and Lj.D. Živanov

Thick film symmetrical LC cells with two pairs of terminations were printed on alumina using PdAg paste and crossover dielectric. Planar inductors such as meander, spiral…

157

Abstract

Thick film symmetrical LC cells with two pairs of terminations were printed on alumina using PdAg paste and crossover dielectric. Planar inductors such as meander, spiral, bispiral, and solenoid in plane were distributed over planar capacitors such as sandwich, interdigitated and segmented. Attenu‐ation and Smith charts of symmetrical EMI LC cells were measured on network analyzer in the range of 1 MHz to 3 GHz. Two or three main LC cells were joined in series to sum attenuation. The obtained results were compared mutually, at first, and than with the cubic (chip) EMI LC filters. The obtained EMI noise suppression was similar, but the filter band of thick film LC cells was much wider.

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Microelectronics International, vol. 19 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1356-5362

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Article
Publication date: 1 September 2006

Mirjana Damnjanović, Goran Stojanović, Ljiljana Živanov and Vladan Desnica

Present 3D electromagnetic simulators have high accuracy, but they are time and memory expensive. Because of that, fast and simple expression for impedance is also necessary for…

733

Abstract

Purpose

Present 3D electromagnetic simulators have high accuracy, but they are time and memory expensive. Because of that, fast and simple expression for impedance is also necessary for initial inductor design. In this paper new efficient method for total impedance calculation of ferrite electromagnetic interference (EMI) suppressor is given. By using an algorithm, it is possible to predict correctly all variations of electrical characteristics introduced by varying geometry parameters of EMI suppressor.

Design/methodology/approach

The starting point for calculation of electrical characteristics of EMI suppressor is Greenhouse theory. Greenhouse decomposed inductor into its constituent segments. Basically, all segments of conductive layer are divided into parallel filaments having small, rectangular cross sections. The self‐ and mutual‐inductance were calculated using the concept of partial inductance. Total impedance of EMI suppressor is calculated taking care of dimension of chip size, material that are used and geometry of conductive layer.

Findings

The Simulator for Planar Inductive Structures (SPIS™) simulates effects of ferrite materials and geometrical parameters of planar inductive structures. With proposed software tool, designers can predict performance parameters quickly and easily before costly prototypes are built. SPIS™ software offers substantially reduced time to market, and increases device performance. The computed impedances, given by our software tool are compared with measured data and very good agreement was found.

Practical implications

Applied flexible efficient methods for impedance calculation of EMI suppressor are able to significantly increase the speed design of multilayer suppressors for universal series bus, low‐voltage differential signaling and in other high‐speed digital interfaces incorporated in notebooks and personal computers, digital cameras and scanners. Also, ferrite suppressors have been successfully employed for attenuating EMI in switching power supplies, electronic ignition systems, garage door openers, etc.

Originality/value

The paper presents realized structures of ferrite EMI suppressors. New geometries of conductive layer are proposed. In addition, using simple model of inductor, the paper develops a CAD simulation tool SPIS™ for calculation of electrical characteristics of EMI suppressors with different geometry of conductive layer.

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Microelectronics International, vol. 23 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1356-5362

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Article
Publication date: 1 June 2000

P.Di Barba

Introduces the fourth and final chapter of the ISEF 1999 Proceedings by stating electric and magnetic fields are influenced, in a reciprocal way, by thermal and mechanical fields…

480

Abstract

Introduces the fourth and final chapter of the ISEF 1999 Proceedings by stating electric and magnetic fields are influenced, in a reciprocal way, by thermal and mechanical fields. Looks at the coupling of fields in a device or a system as a prescribed effect. Points out that there are 12 contributions included ‐ covering magnetic levitation or induction heating, superconducting devices and possible effects to the human body due to electric impressed fields.

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COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 19 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

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Article
Publication date: 1 June 2000

P.Di Barba

Introduces papers from this area of expertise from the ISEF 1999 Proceedings. States the goal herein is one of identifying devices or systems able to provide prescribed…

990

Abstract

Introduces papers from this area of expertise from the ISEF 1999 Proceedings. States the goal herein is one of identifying devices or systems able to provide prescribed performance. Notes that 18 papers from the Symposium are grouped in the area of automated optimal design. Describes the main challenges that condition computational electromagnetism’s future development. Concludes by itemizing the range of applications from small activators to optimization of induction heating systems in this third chapter.

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COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 19 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

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Article
Publication date: 1 October 2006

Goran Stojanović, Ljiljana Živanov and Mirjana Damnjanović

Present 3D electromagnetic simulators have high accuracy but they are time and memory expensive. Owing to a fast and simple expression for inductance is also necessary for initial…

1558

Abstract

Purpose

Present 3D electromagnetic simulators have high accuracy but they are time and memory expensive. Owing to a fast and simple expression for inductance is also necessary for initial inductor design. In this paper, new efficient methods for total inductance calculation of meander inductor, are given. By using an algorithm, it is possible to predict correctly all inductance variations introduced by varying geometry parameters such as number of turns, width of conductor or spacing between conductors.

Design/methodology/approach

The starting point for the derivation of the recurrent formula is Greenhouse theory. Greenhouse decomposed inductor into its constituent segments. Meander inductor is divided into straight conductive segments. Then the total inductance of the meander inductor is a sum of self‐inductances of all segments and the negative and positive mutual inductances between all combinations of straight segments. The monomial equation for the total inductance of meander inductor has been obtained by fitting procedure. The fitting technique, using the method of least squares, finds the parameters of the monomial equation that minimize the sum of squares of the error between the accurate data and fitted equation. The paper presents new expression for inductance of meander inductor, in the monomial form, which is suitable for optimization via geometric programming. The computed inductances are compared with measured data from the literature.

Findings

The first, recurrent, expression has the advantage that it indicates to the designer how the relative contributions of self, positive, and negative mutual inductance are related to the geometrical parameters. The second expression presents the inductance of the meander inductor in the monomial form, so that the optimization of the inductor can be done by procedure of the geometric programming. Simplicity and relatively good accuracy are the advantages of this expression, but on the other hand the physical sense of the expression is being lost. Thus, the effects of various geometry parameters on inductance are analyzed using two expressions and the software tool INDCAL.

Practical implications

Applied flexible efficient methods for inductance calculation of meander inductor are able to significantly increase the speed of RF and sensor integrated circuit design.

Originality/value

For the first time a simple expression for fast inductance calculation for meander inductor in monomial form is presented. It is explained how such an expression is generated, which can be directly implemented in circuit simulators.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 25 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

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Article
Publication date: 3 January 2017

Chien-Yi Huang and Ching-Hsiang Chen

Differing from previous studies trying to solve the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) issue by addressing single factor, this study aims to combine measures of shielding…

203

Abstract

Purpose

Differing from previous studies trying to solve the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) issue by addressing single factor, this study aims to combine measures of shielding, filtering and grounding to design parameters with the Taguchi method at the beginning of product design to come up with the optimal parameter combination.

Design/methodology/approach

EMC-related performance such as radiated emission, conduction interference and electrical fast transient/burst immunity (EFT) are response variables, whereas the printed circuit board and mechanic design-relevant parameters are considered as control factors. The noise factors are peripherals used together with the tablet.

Findings

The optimal design parameter matrix based on results from the application and integration of multivariate analysis method of principal component grey relation and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution suggests 14 grounding screw holes, cooling aperture of casing at diameter of 3 mm and staggered layout and 300O filter located at source of noise. Validation of this matrix shows around 10, 1 and 8 per cent improvement in radiation, conduction interference and EFT immunity.

Originality/value

The multivariate quality parameters’ design method proposed by this study improves EMC characteristics of products and meets the design specification required by customer, accelerating electronic product research and development process and complying with electromagnetic interference test regulations set forth by individual country.

Details

Microelectronics International, vol. 34 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1356-5362

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Article
Publication date: 4 May 2012

Mirjana S. Damnjanović, Ljiljana D. Živanov, Snezana M. Djurić, Andrea M. Marić, Aleksandar B. Menićanin, Goran J. Radosavljević and Nelu V. Blaž

Significant achievements in ferrite material processing enable developments of many ferrite devices with a wide range of power levels and working frequencies, which make demands…

438

Abstract

Purpose

Significant achievements in ferrite material processing enable developments of many ferrite devices with a wide range of power levels and working frequencies, which make demands for new characterization and modelling methods for ferrite materials and components. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a modelling and measurement procedure, which can be used for the characterization of two‐port ferrite components in high frequency range.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper presents a commercially available ferrite component (transformer) modelling and determination of its electrical parameters using in‐house developed software. The components are measured and characterized using a vector network analyzer E5071B and adaptation test fixture on PCB board. The parameters of electrical equivalent circuit of the ferrite transformer parameters are compared with values extracted out of measured scattering parameters.

Findings

A good agreement between modelled and extracted electrical parameters of the ferrite transformer is found. The modelled inductance curves have the same dependence versus frequency as extracted ones. That confirms the model validity in the wide frequency range.

Originality/value

In‐house developed software based on proposed model provides inclusion of the ferrite material dispersive characteristics, which dominantly determines high‐frequency behaviour of two‐port ferrite components. Developed software enables fast and accurate calculation of the ferrite transformer electrical parameters and its redesign in order to achieve the best performance for required application.

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Microelectronics International, vol. 29 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1356-5362

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Article
Publication date: 11 May 2010

Aleksandar B. Menićanin, Mirjana S. Damnjanović and Ljiljana D. Živanov

The appropriate selection of a testing method largely determines the accuracy of a measurement. Parasitic effects associated with test fixture demand a significant consideration…

659

Abstract

Purpose

The appropriate selection of a testing method largely determines the accuracy of a measurement. Parasitic effects associated with test fixture demand a significant consideration in a measurement. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a measurement procedure which can be used for the characterization of surface mount devices (SMD) components, especially devoted to SMD inductors.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper describes measurement technique, characterization, and extracting parameters of SMD components for printed circuit board (PCB) applications. The commercially available components (multi‐layer chip SMD inductors in the ceramic body) are measured and characterized using a vector network analyzer E5071B and adaptation test fixture on PCB board. Measurement results strongly depend on the choice of the PCB; the behaviour of the component depends on the environment where the component is placed.

Findings

The equivalent circuit parameters are extracted in closed form, from an accurate measurement of the board‐mounted SMD inductor S‐parameters, without the necessity for cumbersome optimization procedures, which normally follow the radio frequency circuit synthesis.

Originality/value

It this paper, a new adaptation test fixture in PCB technology is realized. It is modeled and it has provided the extraction of parameters (intrinsic and extrinsic) of SMD inductor with great accuracy.

Details

Microelectronics International, vol. 27 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1356-5362

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Article
Publication date: 25 January 2011

Snezana M. Djuric, Laszlo F. Nagy, Mirjana S. Damnjanovic, Nikola M. Djuric and Ljiljana D. Zivanov

The purpose of this paper is to test the measurement performances of a planar‐type meander sensor installed in robot foot in order to examine its potential application as ground…

326

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to test the measurement performances of a planar‐type meander sensor installed in robot foot in order to examine its potential application as ground reaction force sensor.

Design/methodology/approach

A planar‐type meander sensor is composed of two pairs of meander coils. Variation of input inductance between coils serves as a measure of small displacements in a plane. Pairs of meander coils are installed in an actuated robot foot to measure displacements proportional to normal or tangential components of ground reaction force which acts upon the foot. The sensor was modeled by the concept of partial inductance and a new simulation tool was developed based on this concept.

Findings

Pairs of meander coils were tested against angular displacements, and results showed that the sensor gives correct information about displacement regardless how the foot touches the ground with its whole area. Deviations between position of computed and real acting point of ground reaction force are relatively small. Owing to good results obtained, a miniaturized sensor was developed having the same performances as previously developed prototype.

Originality/value

This paper presents initial work in implementing a planar‐type meander sensor in robot foot as to measure ground reaction force. Developed simulation tool gives accurate analysis of inductance variation of meander structures. In addition, the measurement error and sensor's nonlinearity are analyzed. Calculated results show a good agreement with experimental results. Hence, miniaturized sensor, easier for implementation, is proposed.

Details

Microelectronics International, vol. 28 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1356-5362

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Article
Publication date: 2 November 2021

Nan Sun, Beibei Tan, Bolun Sun, Jinjie Zhang, Chao Li and Wenge Yang

Sargassum fusiforme is a popular edible seaweed in coastal cities of China that contains diverse nutrients including iodine. Cooking is an effective way to improve food safety…

171

Abstract

Purpose

Sargassum fusiforme is a popular edible seaweed in coastal cities of China that contains diverse nutrients including iodine. Cooking is an effective way to improve food safety, but it can alter both the contents of elements along with speciation and bioavailability. Three common cooking methods, the soaking, steaming and boiling, were evaluated for their effects on the protein structures, protein digestibility, iodine content and iodine bioavailability of S. fusiforme.

Design/methodology/approach

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to study the structural changes of protein, and an in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell culture system was used to evaluate the digestibility of protein, bioaccessibility and bioavailability of iodine.

Findings

Boiling and steaming altered the protein secondary structure demonstrated by increased a-helix and random coil and decreased β-sheet, which improved the in vitro protein digestibility. Iodine content was reduced by cooking, with the highest loss observed after boiling, followed by soaking and steaming, while it was found that both bioaccessibility and cellular uptake of iodine were significantly elevated by boiling and steaming using an in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell culture system. The presence of ascorbic acid, citric acid or tyrosine was beneficial for the iodine absorption, while oxalic acid and phytic acid hindered the iodine bioavailability.

Originality/value

The present finding suggested that cooking was conducive to the digestion and absorption of iodine in S. fusiforme. In addition, different dietary factors could have a certain impact on the absorption of iodine. Results of the study are essential for improving the application value of S. fusiforme to ensure reasonable consumption of seaweeds.

Details

British Food Journal, vol. 124 no. 9
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0007-070X

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