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The effects of government expenditure on the shadow economy have been investigated. However, the effect from a moderating factor that affects this relationship has been largely ignored in the existing literature. This paper investigates how fiscal deficit moderates the effects of government expenditure on the shadow economy for 32 Asian countries for the past two decades since 2000.

The authors use various techniques, which allow cross-sectional dependence and slope homogeneity in panel data analysis, to examine this relationship in both the long run and short run. The analysis also considers the marginal effects of government expenditure on the shadow economy at different degrees of fiscal deficits.

Empirical findings from this paper indicate that an increase in government expenditure and fiscal deficit will increase the shadow economy size. Interestingly, the effects of government expenditure on the shadow economy will intensify with a greater degree of the budget deficit. The authors also find that enhancing economic growth to improve income per capita and extending international trade appears to reduce the shadow economy in the Asian countries.

The authors consider that policies targeting reducing shadow economy should follow conventional economic policies on economic growth, unemployment and inflation.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first empirical study conducted to examine the moderating role of fiscal deficit in the government expenditure–shadow economy nexus in Asian countries.

The targeted use of standardized outcome measures (SOMs) of mental health in research with older adults who are incarcerated promotes a common language that enables interdisciplinary dialogue, contributes to the identification of disparities and supports data harmonization and subsequent synthesis. This paper aims to provide researchers with rationale for using “gold-standard” measures used in research with community-dwelling older adults, reporting associated study sample psychometric indexes, and detailing alterations in the approach or measure.

The authors highlight the mental health of older adults who are incarcerated. They also discuss the benefits of SOMs in practice and research and then identify gold-standard measures of mental health used in research with community-dwelling older adults and measures used in research with older adults who are incarcerated. Finally, the authors provide several recommendations related to the use of SOMs of mental health in research with this population.

Depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder are common among older adults who are incarcerated. Researchers have used a variety of measures to capture these mental health problems, some parallel to those used with community-dwelling samples. However, a more targeted use of SOMs of mental health in research with this population will contribute to important strides in this burgeoning field.

This review offers several practical recommendations related to SOMs of mental health in research with older adults who are incarcerated to contribute to a rigorous evidence base and thus inform practice and potentially improve the health and well-being of this population.

As an emerging novelty, knowledge hiding has received considerable attention in management literature. Drawing on conversation of resources theory, this study aims to investigate how knowledge hiding impacts job performance among employees through the mediating role of emotional exhaustion. This work further offers deeper insight into the moderating mechanism of psychological resilience in these relationships.

Three time-lagged sets of data (N = 362) were collected among employees in Vietnamese firms. The partial least squares structural equation modeling method was applied to test the research hypotheses.

Empirical findings indicate that knowledge hiding positively impacts emotional exhaustion. Furthermore, emotional exhaustion serves a mediating role in the link between knowledge hiding and job performance. The results also show how psychological resilience moderates the relations between knowledge hiding, emotional exhaustion and job performance.

The findings suggest that managers can reduce the harms of knowledge-hiding behaviors by enriching employees’ resources and bolstering their psychological resilience.

This inquiry explores the mechanism linking knowledge-hiding behaviors and job performance through the mediator of emotional exhaustion. In addition, this study extends the current knowledge by investigating the moderating role of psychological resilience in the relations between knowledge-hiding, emotional exhaustion and job performance.

Encouraging employees to display innovative behavior at the workplace is the need of all enterprises in this competitive era of the modern business environment. The study aims to explore the mediating role of knowledge sharing in the relationship between organizational justice and innovative behavior among employees working in the information technology (IT) industry in Vietnam.

The research model was tested on the data collected from 387 employees working in IT enterprises with AMOS 22 software.

Confirmatory factor analysis implied a good model fit. The results show that knowledge sharing mediates the effects of organizational justice with three main forms distributive, procedural and interactional justice on innovative behavior.

The findings of this study provide valuable evidence and implications for the executive of IT enterprise in boosting knowledge sharing, and innovative behaviors among the employees, in improving their perception of justice in the workplace. This is particularly important due to the significant role of knowledge sharing in organizational development.

This study pioneered the identification of the underlying mechanism of organization justice – innovative behavior nexus by highlighting knowledge sharing as a mediator. Moreover, this study takes a step beyond by suggesting a more complicated model that explored mediating two dimensions of knowledge sharing.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between public spending, budget imbalance and underground economy. In addition, this paper investigates how budget imbalance moderates the public spending–underground nexus.

By utilizing a data set spanning from 1995 to 2017 of 35 OECD countries, the study has employed Dynamic Common Correlated Effects (DCCE) approach. The study is also extended to consider the marginal effects of public spending on the underground economy at different degrees of budget imbalance.

The results indicate that an increase in public spending and budget imbalance contributes to the expansion of underground economy. Interestingly, the effects of public spending on the underground economy will enhance and intensify with a higher budget imbalance level. The results are robust to various specifications and their broader implications are discussed.

Governments should carefully implement a fiscal policy with a clear understanding that increasing public spending leads to the expansion of informality. Besides, policymakers should enforce supportive policies to boost economic growth, cooperation and cross-border trade to control the size of the underground economy.

This study stresses the role of public spending, budget imbalance on the underground economy in OECD nations. To the best of the author's knowledge, this study pioneers to explore the moderating effect of budget imbalance in the public spending–undergrround nexus.

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-09-2022-0645.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of government administrative capacity and e-government performance on the citizens’ intention to use e-government services by integrating into the technology acceptance model (TAM). In addition, the study investigates the mediating effect of perceived usefulness in these nexus.

A quantitative and cross-sectional approach is used to gather the data from 443 respondents in Vietnam. The squares structural equation modeling is used to access the impact of government administrative capacity and e-government performance on the citizens’ intention to use e-government, the mediating effect of perceived usefulness.

The results show that e-government performance, government administrative capacity and perceived usefulness are critical determinants of citizens’ intention. Furthermore, government administrative capacity positively impacts e-government performance. More importantly, perceived usefulness plays a mediating role in these relationships. The results also show that both age and qualification moderate the relationship between perceived usefulness and intention.

The findings of this study provide valuable evidence and implications. Public officials must enhance the administrative capacity as the determination for the application of e-government. They must demonstrate their commitment to implementing e-government initiatives. Moreover, the government should continually carry out policies to improve e-government performance.

This study uses the TAM by incorporating government administrative capacity and e-government performance. Evidence about the mechanism linking government administrative capacity and e-government performance to citizens' intention to use e-government is scant. With this stated, this study fills these gaps by pioneering exploring the mediating role of perceived usefulness in these relationships.

The studies that explore the impacts of national intellectual capital on informal economy are scant. Moreover, the effect of an external factor such as institutional quality that moderates this relationship has largely been neglected in previous studies. Institutions are considered important pillars to accumulate national intellectual capital and reduce shadow economy. As such, this paper aims to investigate how institutional quality moderates the effects of national intellectual capital on informal economy in 17 Asian countries from 2000 to 2018.

This paper uses the generalized method of moments techniques, which allow cross-sectional dependence and slope homogeneity in panel data, to examine the moderating role of institutional quality on the relationship between national intellectual capital and informal economy. Various tests are conducted to ensure the robustness of the findings.

Empirical findings from this paper indicate that an increase in national intellectual capital and institutional quality declines the informal economy. Interestingly, better institutional quality aggravates the negative effects of national intellectual capital on reducing the size of informal economy. The author also finds that enhancing international trade and economic growth results in a decrease in the informal economy in Asian countries.

Empirical findings offer policymakers an indication of the relationships between national intellectual capital, institutional quality and informal economy, pointing out that national intellectual capital and institutional quality should be strengthened to allow Asian countries to limit the informal economy.

This study provides a conceptual model through which the moderating role of institutional quality on the national intellectual capital–informal economy nexus can be recognized. This approach has thus far not been investigated in the existing literature. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this study makes an original contribution to the empirical of national intellectual capital and informal economy nexus and produces new insights into the fields of the moderating effects of institutional quality on this nexus.

Knowledge sharing contributes to the success of an organization in various ways. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of social capital on knowledge sharing through employees’ emotional energy. In addition, this study investigates the moderating effect of meaningful work in the relationship.

A quantitative and cross-sectional approach was performed to collect the data from 403 employees working in information technology (IT) enterprises in Vietnam. This study applies partial least squares structural equation modeling to access the impact of social capital on knowledge sharing, the mediating effect of emotional energy and moderating role of meaningful work on this relationship.

The results show that social capital has a significant positive effect on knowledge sharing. Moreover, employees’ emotional energy has a complementary effect on this relationship. Moreover, meaningful work has moderating effect on the relationship between social capital and knowledge sharing.

The findings of this study provide valuable evidence and implications for the executive of IT enterprise in boosting knowledge sharing among the employees, in improving their emotional energy, perception of the meaningfulness of their jobs. This is particularly important due to the significant role of knowledge sharing in innovation, development.

Based on a social perspective of knowledge management, this study pioneers the exploration of the mediating effect of employees’ emotional energy in the relationship between social capital and knowledge sharing and the moderating role of meaningful work.

Citizen engagement (CE) in public policy is increasingly considered to be an important feature of governance worldwide. The aim of this study is to explore the impact of e-government usage (EGU) on citizens’ engagement. In addition, the study investigates the mediating effect of government reputation (GR) and the moderating role of digital divide (DD) in EGU and citizens' engagement relationship.

Data were collected from 938 respondents in Vietnam with a random method. This study used the partial least squares – structural equation modeling method to examine hypotheses.

The results show that e-government and GR are critical determinants of CE. Furthermore, GR plays a mediating role in the relationship between e-government and CE. The results also show how DD moderates this nexus.

The findings of this study provide valuable evidence and implications. Public officials must improve the GR and administrative capacity as the determination for the CE. Moreover, the government should continually carry out policies to reduce the DD.

By investigating the mediating and moderating effects of GR and DD, this study has significantly contributed to advancing the body knowledge of e-government.

Asian countries have had persistent unemployment levels. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of government spending on unemployment. Furthermore, this paper investigates the moderating role of institutional quality on the government spending–unemployment nexus.

Using data from 35 Asian countries from 2000 to 2022, the dynamic ordinary least squares and fully modified ordinary least squares technique is used to tackle with aforementioned issue. In addition, pooled mean group estimation is applied to verify the robustness of the findings.

The results show that an increase in government expenditure and better institutions reduce the unemployment rate. Interestingly, the negative impact of government expenditure on unemployment will enhance and intensify with better institutional quality. Furthermore, trade openness and foreign direct investment decrease unemployment in Asian countries. The results are robust to various specifications.

Findings from this study provide important implications for governments. Governments should use public expenditure efficiently and enhance and improve institutional quality to reduce unemployment.

To the best of the author’s knowledge, this study pioneers the investigation of the moderating role of institutional quality in the relationship between government expenditure and unemployment in Asian countries.