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Article
Publication date: 10 April 2024

Thomas Wojciechowski

While prior research has established that traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a risk factor for violent offending, there is little understanding of mechanisms that may underpin this…

74

Abstract

Purpose

While prior research has established that traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a risk factor for violent offending, there is little understanding of mechanisms that may underpin this relationship. This is problematic, as a better understanding of these mechanisms could facilitate more effective targeting of treatment. This study aims to address these gaps in the extant literature by examining TBI as a predictor of violent offending and test for mediation effects through cognitive constructs of dual systems imbalance and hostility among a sample of justice-involved youth (JIY).

Design/methodology/approach

The Pathways to Desistance data were analyzed. The first three waves of this data set comprising the responses of 1,354 JIY were analyzed. Generalized structural equation modeling was used to test for direct and indirect effects of interest. A bootstrap resampling process was used to compute unbiased standard errors for determining the statistical significance of mediation effects.

Findings

Lifetime experience of TBI was associated with increased violent offending frequency at follow-up. Hostility significantly mediated this relationship, but dual systems imbalance did not. This indicated that programming focused on reducing hostility among JIY who have experienced TBI could aid in reducing violent recidivism rates.

Originality/value

To the best of the author’s knowledge, this study was the first to identify significant mediation of the relationship between TBI and violent offending through hostility.

Details

Journal of Criminal Psychology, vol. 14 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2009-3829

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Article
Publication date: 10 July 2017

Lukasz Wojciechowski, Radomir Majchrowski and Thomas G. Mathia

Boundary lubrication cannot provide long-term protection against scuffing. Therefore, it is fundamental to recognise the breaking point of the boundary layer that activates…

175

Abstract

Purpose

Boundary lubrication cannot provide long-term protection against scuffing. Therefore, it is fundamental to recognise the breaking point of the boundary layer that activates scuffing. Based on this assumption, three-dimensional (3D) morphologies of surfaces were characterised, and the fundamental conditions of the scuffing process were investigated to identify the transition from boundary lubrication conditions to catastrophic wear.

Design/methodology/approach

A series of systematic tribological double-blind experiments were carried out using a poorly lubricated cylinder/plane interface to model the tribological inverse problem in a boundary lubrication situation. Areal morphological analysis was performed, with the help of an optical interferometer, on a millimetric area corresponding to the contact surface during experimental tribological investigations. The statistical correlation between scuffing and the selected morphological parameters was evaluated. This evaluation study consisted of determining the linear, logarithmic, exponential, polynomial (of degree 2) or power dependency between time to scuffing and morphological parameters.

Findings

A clear, statistically confirmed relationship was observed between selected morphological parameters of the surface (Spd, Sha, Str, Sz) and its scuffing performance.

Originality/value

3D morphological parameters that best specified the technological scuffing performance of metallic surfaces were selected and proposed.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 69 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

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Article
Publication date: 30 April 2021

Adam Sadowski, Piotr Wojciechowski and Per Engelseth

In a volatile marketplace, warehouse management is fundamentally contingent of changes in its supply network environment. Flexibility is therefore a key logistics issue in…

790

Abstract

Purpose

In a volatile marketplace, warehouse management is fundamentally contingent of changes in its supply network environment. Flexibility is therefore a key logistics issue in distribution centre management. This study probes into the nature of warehouse flexibility in a supply network through simulation.

Design/methodology/approach

By using the FlexSim simulation tool the dynamic behaviour of the warehouse system are conceptualised, documented, simulated, analysed and evaluated.

Findings

Simulation revealed that external changes affect daily processes and the reorganisation of warehouse processes. Given the extensity of resource use, simulation also revealed that process reorganisation should not be a daily undertaking. This is because warehouse processes react in unpredictable and different manners to even the smallest disturbance from the environment. This reaction is not necessarily negative impending more long-term change of warehouse processes.

Originality/value

The warehouse is a complex system that self-adapts with limited need to calculate new optimised warehouse processes to counter changes in its environment. Rather than following deterministic optimisation procedures, the development of flexible resources is a key issue in warehouse management. The applied simulation model is generic and therefore applicable in other distribution centres pointing to how to monitor warehouse processes to in a pre-emptively develop warehouse flexibility through change of process context.

Details

International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, vol. 71 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1741-0401

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Article
Publication date: 1 April 1991

Raj Aggarwal

This paper contends that, contrary to conventional wisdom, it may be rational to manage translation exposure. Accounting procedures for the translation of foreign currency…

327

Abstract

This paper contends that, contrary to conventional wisdom, it may be rational to manage translation exposure. Accounting procedures for the translation of foreign currency accounts influence the reported income of a multi‐national firm. With non‐zero agency costs, reported income impacts real costs. In such cases, therefore, it may be rational to hedge translation exposure. Empirical evidence of agency costs and the managerial tendency to report higher levels of translated income, based on the early adoption of Financial Accounting Standard No. 52, is presented.

Details

Managerial Finance, vol. 17 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0307-4358

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Article
Publication date: 19 January 2021

Andreas Schwarz, Martin Ebner, Thomas Lohner, Karsten Stahl, Kirsten Bobzin, Tobias Brögelmann, Christian Kalscheuer and Matthias Thiex

This paper aims to address the influence of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings on the frictional power loss of spur gears. It shows potentials for friction and bulk temperature…

422

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to address the influence of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings on the frictional power loss of spur gears. It shows potentials for friction and bulk temperature reduction in industrial use. From a scientific point of view, the thermal insulation effect on fluid friction is addressed, which lowers viscosity in the gear contact due to increasing contact temperature.

Design/methodology/approach

Thermal insulation effect is analyzed in detail by means of the heat balance and micro thermal network of thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication contacts. Preliminary results at a twin-disk test rig are summarized to categorize friction and bulk temperature reduction by DLC coatings. Based on experiments at a gear efficiency test rig, the frictional power losses and bulk temperatures of DLC-coated gears are investigated, whereby load, speed, oil temperature and coatings are varied.

Findings

Experimental investigations at the gear efficiency test rig showed friction and bulk temperature reduction for all operating conditions of DLC-coated gears compared to uncoated gears. This effect was most pronounced for high load and high speed. A reduction of the mean gear coefficient of friction on average 25% and maximum 55% was found. A maximum reduction of bulk temperature of 15% was observed.

Practical implications

DLC-coated gears show a high potential for reducing friction and improving load-carrying capacity. However, the industrial implementation is restrained by the limited durability of coatings on gear flanks. Therefore, a further and overall consideration of key durability factors such as substrate material, pretreatment, coating parameters and gear geometry is necessary.

Originality/value

Thermal insulation effect of DLC coatings was shown by theoretical analyses and experimental investigations at model test rigs. Although trial tests on gears were conducted in literature, this study proves the friction reduction by DLC-coated gears for the first time systematically in terms of various operating conditions and coatings.

Peer review

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-07-2020-0257/

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 73 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

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Article
Publication date: 31 December 2024

Dana L. Ott, Miriam Moeller and Alexei Koveshnikov

The purpose of this viewpoint is to provide critical insights into the role of neurodiversity within the domain of International Business (IB) research. Neurodiversity is…

75

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this viewpoint is to provide critical insights into the role of neurodiversity within the domain of International Business (IB) research. Neurodiversity is positioned as an opportunity for IB researchers to explore how differences in individual brain functioning and behavioral traits may impact on the practice of and research within IB through multiple lenses.

Design/methodology/approach

By critically reflecting on how to foster a more inclusive global business environment, the viewpoint increases researchers’ awareness about the role of neurodiversity within IB research and practice. It highlights distinct opportunities to incorporate neurodiversity and neurodivergent individuals at the center of IB research examinations.

Findings

Neurodiversity represents a paradigm shift in how neurological and cognitive differences have been perceived, valued and researched by challenging scholars to move beyond a model that views these differences as deficits or disorders to one that views them as strengths and opportunities. The authors identify a series of research questions to advance the study of neurodiversity in relation to global talent management; innovation and competitiveness; inclusive and equitable business practices and systems (human resource management, leadership and technology); stigmatization, biases and identity; and global organizations as change agents.

Originality/value

Considering that one in six people globally is neurodivergent, the viewpoint suggests directions to examine neurodiversity within the context of IB research and practice.

Details

Critical Perspectives on International Business, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1742-2043

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Article
Publication date: 2 January 2023

Mustafa S. Al-Khazraji, S.H. Bakhy and M.J. Jweeg

The purpose of this review paper is to provide a review of the most recent advances in the field of manufacturing composite sandwich panels along with their advantages and…

652

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this review paper is to provide a review of the most recent advances in the field of manufacturing composite sandwich panels along with their advantages and limitations. The other purpose of this paper is to familiarize the researchers with the available developments in manufacturing sandwich structures.

Design/methodology/approach

The most recent research articles in the field of manufacturing various composite sandwich structures were reviewed. The review process started by categorizing the available sandwich manufacturing techniques into nine main categories according to the method of production and the equipment used. The review is followed by outlining some automatic production concepts toward composite sandwich automated manufacturing. A brief summary of the sandwich manufacturing techniques is given at the end of this article, with recommendations for future work.

Findings

It has been found that several composite sandwich manufacturing techniques were proposed in the literature. The diversity of the manufacturing techniques arises from the variety of the materials as well as the configurations of the final product. Additive manufacturing techniques represent the most recent trend in composite sandwich manufacturing.

Originality/value

This work is valuable for all researchers in the field of composite sandwich structures to keep up with the most recent advancements in this field. Furthermore, this review paper can be considered as a guideline for researchers who are intended to perform further research on composite sandwich structures.

Details

Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology , vol. 22 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1726-0531

Keywords

Available. Content available
Book part
Publication date: 21 January 2022

Abstract

Details

Industry 4.0 and Global Businesses
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80117-326-1

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Article
Publication date: 30 December 2021

Dhruba Jyoti Borgohain, Deepali Arun Bhanage, Manoj Kumar Verma and Ambika Vishal Pawar

This study aims to present a scientometric analysis of publications related to “Augmented Reality.” In today’s Information Technology-driven era, augmented reality (A.R.) has…

663

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to present a scientometric analysis of publications related to “Augmented Reality.” In today’s Information Technology-driven era, augmented reality (A.R.) has evolved as a new immersive data source for developing knowledge combining authentic and digital images. Consequently, extensive research is going on “Augmented Reality” to discover its potential in knowledge development.

Methodology

The paper analyses and emphasizes the bibliographic data of Scopus articles with a suitable search query. The study was done concerning the chronological growth of research publications, highly cited publications, productive countries, prominent journals, prolific authors and institutions, author and country co-authorship network analysis and keywords analysis. The analysis was conducted by using open-source tools such as VOSViewer, Biblioshiny and Gephi.

Findings

The study reveals that a maximum number of publications on research in “Augmented Reality” are in the form of conference proceedings and articles. A.R., Virtual reality and A.R. application are the keywords with maximum number of occurrences. A significant number of publications are done in the USA, followed by Germany in the year 2020.

Originality/value

This study provides a precise idea of work done in different countries, a network of co-authorship between authors and countries, publication and citation impact of authors, journals, institutions and countries, year-wise progression and trending “augmented reality” topics research. This investigation will be advantageous for researchers and stakeholders to obtain rigorous bibliographic knowledge on literature related to the topic and work accordingly for R&D activities.

Details

Information Discovery and Delivery, vol. 50 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2398-6247

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Article
Publication date: 6 May 2014

Hasnida Ab-Samat and Shahrul Kamaruddin

This paper reviews the literature on opportunistic maintenance (OM) as new advance maintenance approach and policy. The purpose of this paper is to conceptually identify common…

2150

Abstract

Purpose

This paper reviews the literature on opportunistic maintenance (OM) as new advance maintenance approach and policy. The purpose of this paper is to conceptually identify common principle and thereby provide absolute definition, concept and characteristics of this policy.

Design/methodology/approach

A conceptual analysis was conducted on various literatures to clarify a number of principle and concepts as a method for understanding information on OM. The analysis involves the process of separating the compound terms used in the literatures into a few parts, analyse them and then recombining them to have more clear understanding of the policy.

Findings

The paper discussed the maintenance approach, genealogy, principle, concept and applications of OM both in numerical analysis and real industry. OM policy is developed based on combination of age replacement policy and block replacement policy and in practical; OM is applied as the combination of corrective maintenance which is applied when any failure occurred, with preventive maintenance (PM) – a planned and scheduled maintenance approach to prevent failure to happen. Any machine shutdown or stoppages due to failure is the “opportunity” to conduct PM even though it is not as planned. The characterization of OM was provided in order to present its theoretical novelty for researchers and practical significance for industries.

Practical implications

To date, there is no publication that reviews the OM in-depth and provides clear understanding on the topic. Therefore, this paper aims to show lineage of OM and the current trend in researches. This discussion will pave the way of new research areas on this optimal maintenance policy. Clear definition and principle of OM provided in this paper will trigger interest in its practicality as well as aid industries to understand and conduct OM in operation plant.

Originality/value

This paper discussed the available literature about OM in various perspectives and scopes for further understanding of the topic by maintenance management professionals and researchers. Therefore, OM can be widely studied and applied in real industry as it is an effective and optimal maintenance policy.

Details

Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering, vol. 20 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2511

Keywords

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