Winnifred R. Louis, Donald M. Taylor and Tyson Neil
Two studies in the context of English‐French relations in Québec suggest that individuals who strongly identify with a group derive the individual‐level costs and benefits that…
Abstract
Two studies in the context of English‐French relations in Québec suggest that individuals who strongly identify with a group derive the individual‐level costs and benefits that drive expectancy‐value processes (rational decision‐making) from group‐level costs and benefits. In Study 1, high identifiers linked group‐ and individual‐level outcomes of conflict choices whereas low identifiers did not. Group‐level expectancy‐value processes, in Study 2, mediated the relationship between social identity and perceptions that collective action benefits the individual actor and between social identity and intentions to act. These findings suggest the rational underpinnings of identity‐driven political behavior, a relationship sometimes obscured in intergroup theory that focuses on cognitive processes of self‐stereotyping. But the results also challenge the view that individuals' cost‐benefit analyses are independent of identity processes. The findings suggest the importance of modeling the relationship of group and individual levels of expectancy‐value processes as both hierarchical and contingent on social identity processes.
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This article has been withdrawn as it was published elsewhere and accidentally duplicated. The original article can be seen here: 10.1108/EUM0000000001434. When citing the…
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn as it was published elsewhere and accidentally duplicated. The original article can be seen here: 10.1108/EUM0000000001434. When citing the article, please cite: Terry Taylor, (1991), “Making IT Work: The Right Environment”, Industrial Management & Data Systems, Vol. 91 Iss: 3, pp. 17 - 19.
The Electronics and Business EquipmentAssociation has published a guide, Making ITWork, to creating the right environment forinformation technology: it is summarised here.The…
Abstract
The Electronics and Business Equipment Association has published a guide, Making IT Work, to creating the right environment for information technology: it is summarised here. The guide is important to any business newly adopting IT, or about to expand its systems, and is directed to the need to consider work patterns, the health and safety of operators, document storage and methods of communication.
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This research evaluates the support for eight liberal arts goals: thinking clearly; knowing the physical universe; cultural awareness; moral awareness; valuing thought;…
Abstract
This research evaluates the support for eight liberal arts goals: thinking clearly; knowing the physical universe; cultural awareness; moral awareness; valuing thought; thought/feeling relationships; independent action; and tolerance and concern for others. (1) The survey of 1,014 consists of 541 graduates and 473 undergraduates of a small southern liberal arts university. A low response rate for graduates led to comparisons of returns to the original sample frame in terms of: year graduated, sex composition, and ratings by survey return date. (2) the GER scale consists of 8 subscales and 33 items. Each item is rated by importance and gains in college. Cronbach's Alpha for subscales ranged from .67 to .82 with an overall ∝ =.928. (3) Results. All goals were rated as Very Important to Extremely Important. GER goals were rated more important by undergraduates who were: women, leaders, community volunteers, and those with out‐of‐class experience. Tolerance and Concern for Others was the most important goal. Greatest gains were in thinking clearly. Support of the liberal arts program, defined as a combination of gains and importance, increased from freshman to senior class. Support was unexpectedly strong for more affective components of the program. Limitations of this research are used to suggest future areas of study.
THE work of Johnson, Mathur and Henderson on the ‘Creep Deflexion of Magnesium Alloy Struts’ raised the question in the present writer's mind of the stress distribution in the…
Abstract
THE work of Johnson, Mathur and Henderson on the ‘Creep Deflexion of Magnesium Alloy Struts’ raised the question in the present writer's mind of the stress distribution in the beam cross‐section, and the variation of this distribution with time. The precise computation of the stress distribution in an eccentrically loaded strut appears to be a very difficult problem, and the present note is concerned with the much simpler case of a beam subjected to a constant bending moment.
Increases in urbanization and mobility, as well as local government fiscal crises have altered the financing of local government expenditures. Intergovernmental transfer of funds…
Abstract
Increases in urbanization and mobility, as well as local government fiscal crises have altered the financing of local government expenditures. Intergovernmental transfer of funds has evolved as a major source of revenue for local government units. Intergovernmental transfers to subordinate governments are enacted by various fsical instruments: (1) direct transfer of funds through loans, categorical grants, and unrestricted grants; (2) sharing of the tax base through tax supplements, tax deducations, and tax credits; and (3) intergovernmental coordination of activities. Federal grants to state and local governments have rapidly increased: federal aid as a percentage of state and local sources of general revenue was 8 percent in 1942, 11 percent in 1948, 15 percent in 1965, and 20 percent in 1967. During this same period, the amount of annual state payments to local governments increased from 3.2 billion dollars to 19.1 billion dollars (although throughout the period the payments were a consistent fraction of the national total of states' expenditures). Local government finances for 1972–73 substantiate the importance of intergovernmental funding directed to the local public sector. The total intergovernmental revenue received by all local governments in the United States was 28.6 billion in 1972–73 with 23.3 billion emanating from state governments and 5.3 billion from the federal government. In 1972 Texas state government expenditure in transfers totaled 1.2 billion dollars.
The findings from a survey of attitudes amongst professional and trade (PT) groups in the UK construction industry in relation to the use of hybrid concrete construction (HCC) are…
Abstract
The findings from a survey of attitudes amongst professional and trade (PT) groups in the UK construction industry in relation to the use of hybrid concrete construction (HCC) are reported in this paper. Following a brief introduction to HCC, the context of the research presented here is explained. An account of the research methods used in the project is given, together with guidance on appropriate techniques for interviewing professional and trade groups in the construction industry. The findings from the survey are divided into two sections: areas of consensus and areas of disagreement. Conclusions are drawn relating to the future design, procurement and construction of buildings that incorporate HCC.
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Marketa Kubickova and Rebecca Neal
This study aims to provide a deeper look into why luxury resorts engage in the H-2B visa program and the opportunities and challenges from the human resources employee…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to provide a deeper look into why luxury resorts engage in the H-2B visa program and the opportunities and challenges from the human resources employee perspective. Adequate staffing is a well-documented challenge for luxury resorts due to their location, seasonality and access to qualified labor. Many resorts turn to the H-2B non-immigrant visa to mitigate the issue.
Design/methodology/approach
This study consists of in-depth interviews with human resource employees. An additional survey centering on descriptive statistics, the level of engagement, cost and experience with H-2B visa programs was collected.
Findings
The findings of this study provide a deeper understanding why luxury resorts use H-2B employees in their operations. The results shed a deeper light on issues centering around the H-2B visa process, its uncertainty, cost and complexity.
Practical implications
Temporary H-2B workers are essential to the success of resort operation. Collaboration between the resort management and government agencies is essential as strategic solutions must be implemented. Resorts must explore diversified recruitment opportunities and the use of technology while keeping human labor in the center of its core operation.
Originality/value
The first exploratory study providing a deeper look into the many challenges’ luxury resorts face when using the H-2B visa program from the human resources employee perspective. A call for change is being made as the respondents established the need for H-2B workers, however, the system in place makes it difficult to obtain such employees and to continue resort operations.