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Article
Publication date: 1 April 1982

J.J. POLLOCK

Not only does the problem of correcting spelling errors by computer have a long history, it is evidently of considerable current interest as papers and letters on the topic…

129

Abstract

Not only does the problem of correcting spelling errors by computer have a long history, it is evidently of considerable current interest as papers and letters on the topic continue to appear rapidly. This is not surprising, since techniques useful in detecting and correcting mis‐spellings normally have other important applications. Moreover, both the power of small computers and the routine production of machine‐readable text have increased enormously over the last decade to the point where automatic spelling error detection/correction has become not only feasible but highly desirable.

Details

Journal of Documentation, vol. 38 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0022-0418

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 11 April 2023

Mengjie Huang, Kunpeng Sun and Yuan Xie

An emerging line of research examining the role of numerological superstition in the capital market shows that it has significant impact on investor behavior (Bhattacharya, Kuo…

1351

Abstract

Purpose

An emerging line of research examining the role of numerological superstition in the capital market shows that it has significant impact on investor behavior (Bhattacharya, Kuo, Lin, & Zhao, 2018; Hirshleifer, Jian, & Zhang 2018). However, to the authors’ best knowledge, there is a dearth of evidence on whether numerological superstition affects corporate behavior. This study fills this void by examining the association between investors’ numerological superstition and earnings management using Chinese data.

Design/methodology/approach

Chinese culture views 6 and 8 as lucky numbers. Using Chinese publicly traded firms, the authors examine the relation between investors’ numerological superstition and corporate financial reporting behavior.

Findings

The results suggest that firms reporting lucky earnings-per-share (EPS) numbers ending with 6 or 8 are more likely to engage in earnings management. These firms also raise more capital through seasoned equity offerings in the following year; however, they do not have more capital investments. Instead, their controlling shareholders siphon a significant amount of capital through related party transactions. Overall, the findings suggest that managers collude with controlling shareholders to manage earnings by exploiting the superstitious beliefs of minority shareholders.

Originality/value

To the authors’ best knowledge, there is a dearth of evidence on whether numerological superstition affects corporate behavior. This study fills this void by examining the association between investors’ numerological superstition and earnings management using Chinese data.

Details

China Accounting and Finance Review, vol. 25 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1029-807X

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Article
Publication date: 25 May 2020

Thi Tuan Linh Pham, Han-Chung Huang, T.C.E. Cheng, May-Kuen Wong, Yen-Ni Liao, Ya-Hui Yang and Ching-I Teng

Playing exergames may resemble doing conventional exercise and thus has the potential to enhance users’ health. However, no study has yet examined whether and how a need for…

737

Abstract

Purpose

Playing exergames may resemble doing conventional exercise and thus has the potential to enhance users’ health. However, no study has yet examined whether and how a need for exercise impacts users’ intention to continuously play exergames, i.e. continuance intention and its antecedents. We developed a model grounded in the uses and gratifications theory (UGT) to address this issue.

Design/methodology/approach

We recruited 583 participants to play exergames and collected their psychological responses and physical information. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the hypotheses.

Findings

We found that health consciousness and perceived exercise benefits are positively related to a need for exercise, which is, in turn, positively related to continuance intention. Moreover, perceived exergame similarity with exercise strengthens the positive link between the need for exercise and continuance intention.

Originality/value

This is the first study using the UGT to explain the underlying mechanism linking health consciousness to continuance intention in the playing of exergames. In addition, we introduced the need for exercise as a novel construct in this study. Our findings provide insights to managers on incorporating health-related features into their exergame products to motivate users' engagement in playing exergames.

Details

Industrial Management & Data Systems, vol. 120 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0263-5577

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Article
Publication date: 1 August 2004

T.E. Wong, C.Y. Lau and H.S. Fenger

A simple analysis method was developed to determine the fatigue life of a ceramic ball grid array (CBGA) solder joint when exposed to thermal environments. The solder joint…

545

Abstract

A simple analysis method was developed to determine the fatigue life of a ceramic ball grid array (CBGA) solder joint when exposed to thermal environments. The solder joint consists of a 90Pb/10Sn solder ball with eutectic SnPb solder on both top and bottom of the ball. A closed‐form solution, based on the calculation of the equilibrium of the displacements within the electronic package assembly, was first derived in order to calculate the solder joint strains during temperature cycling. In the calculation, an iteration technique was used to obtain a convergent solution for the solder strains, and the elastic material properties were used for all the electronic package assembly components except for the solder materials. A fatigue life prediction model was established.

Details

Soldering & Surface Mount Technology, vol. 16 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0954-0911

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Article
Publication date: 23 June 2018

Burak Pirgaip and Ali Hepsen

This paper aims to answer how effective the loan-to-value (LTV) regulation has been since 2011 for conventional and Islamic (participation) banks in Turkey in terms of curbing…

384

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to answer how effective the loan-to-value (LTV) regulation has been since 2011 for conventional and Islamic (participation) banks in Turkey in terms of curbing mortgage loan growth and delinquency[1].

Design/methodology/approach

The authors first use unit root tests and tests of difference in loan and property price data in pre-LTV and post-LTV period. Second, the authors follow Chow test and ordinary least squares regression analyses to test for a structural break when sensitivity of mortgage loan and delinquency growth changes to property price changes considered.

Findings

The authors find that two periods are statistically different, while the significance level is lower for Islamic banks. Moreover, loan growth has become less responsive to property price increases; delinquency sensitivity to property price changes has significantly increased in the post-LTV period for conventional banks, while this is not the case for Islamic (participation) banks.

Originality/value

This paper not only increases empirical evidence regarding the effectiveness of LTV ratio policy but also fills the gap in the literature by providing a comparison between conventional banks and Islamic (participation) banks.

Details

International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, vol. 11 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1753-8394

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Publication date: 14 December 2018

Loren Henderson

This study investigates the relationship between being formerly incarcerated and the sexual health of African American and White men. It uses data from the 2011–2013 National…

Abstract

This study investigates the relationship between being formerly incarcerated and the sexual health of African American and White men. It uses data from the 2011–2013 National Survey of Family Growth to compare the likelihoods of reporting sexually transmitted disease among African American and White men who were formerly incarcerated with those who were never incarcerated. The results show that having been incarcerated increases the likelihood of having sexually transmitted infections (STIs) for both African American men and White men. The results also reveal that, when controlling for sociodemographic and sexual network differences, White men maintain lower infection rates than do comparable African American men regardless of their former incarceration statuses. When several factors are taken into account, the likelihood of infections for African American men who have never been incarcerated are higher than those of White men who have been incarcerated. Racial disadvantage is a key determinant of disparities in STIs between formerly incarcerated White males and never incarcerated African American males. The implications of these results are discussed.

Details

Inequality, Crime, and Health Among African American Males
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78635-051-0

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 15 June 2014

Justin Bateh and Wilton Heyliger

This article examines the impact of three leadership styles as a predictor of job satisfaction in a state university system. The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire was used to…

717

Abstract

This article examines the impact of three leadership styles as a predictor of job satisfaction in a state university system. The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire was used to identify the leadership style of an administrator as perceived by faculty members. Spector’s Job Satisfaction Survey was used to assess a faculty member’s level of job satisfaction. The population consisted of 567 full-time faculty members, and 104 participants completed the survey. The results of logistic regression analysis revealed that (a) faculty members who identified transformational leadership as dominant had increased job satisfaction, (b) faculty members who identified transactional leadership as dominant had increased job satisfaction, and (c) faculty members who identified passive/avoidant leadership as dominant had decreased job satisfaction. Demographics did not appear to predict satisfaction. Using this model, academic leaders can take further action by refining their leadership styles on the basis of their faculty members’ indicated preferences. The study results may contribute to social change at the departmental level by making academic administrators aware of effective leadership models that promote higher job satisfaction among faculty in universities.

Details

Journal of Leadership Education, vol. 13 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1552-9045

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Article
Publication date: 30 July 2021

  Supriyono, Tzu-Chia Chen, Lis M. Yapanto, Zagir Azgarovich Latipov, Angelina Olegovna Zekiy, Lyubov A. Melnikova, Lakshmi Thangavelu, A. Surendar, Nikolay I. Repnikov and Zeinab Arzehgar

In this paper, a lifetime estimation model for the solder joint is proposed which is capable of considering both severe and running mechanical shocks which is the real case in…

118

Abstract

Purpose

In this paper, a lifetime estimation model for the solder joint is proposed which is capable of considering both severe and running mechanical shocks which is the real case in electric converters in the automotive and aerospace applications. This paper aims to asses the reliability of the solder joint under mixed exposure of mechanical loads.

Design/methodology/approach

Mechanical failure process may put at risk the perfect performance of any kinds of electronic systems regardless of the applications they are prepared for. Observation of solder joint health in an electronic assembly under simultaneous exposure of severe and running shocks is an open problem. Three commonly used soldering compositions are considered while the electronic assembly is exposed to three well-known driving cycles.

Findings

The results show that the best performance is achieved using SAC405 soldering alloy in comparison with Sn63Pb37 and SAC387 solder alloy. Consideration of mixed exposure to the mechanical loads leads to much more accurate lifetime estimation of the solder joint in the electronic assemblies.

Originality/value

The originality of the paper is confirmed.

Details

Soldering & Surface Mount Technology, vol. 34 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0954-0911

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Article
Publication date: 18 January 2019

Jill Hanley, Nicole Ives, Jaime Lenet, Shawn-Renee Hordyk, Christine Walsh, Sonia Ben Soltane and David Este

This paper presents an analysis of how health intersects with the experience of housing insecurity and homelessness, specifically for migrant women. The authors argue that it is…

1326

Abstract

Purpose

This paper presents an analysis of how health intersects with the experience of housing insecurity and homelessness, specifically for migrant women. The authors argue that it is important to understand the specificities of the interplay of these different factors to continue the advancement of our understanding and practice as advocates for health and housing security.

Design/methodology/approach

An exploratory, qualitative, methodological approach was adopted, using a broad definition of housing insecurity: from absolute homelessness (e.g. residing rough) to invisible homelessness (e.g. couch surfing) to those at risk of homelessness. In total, 26 newcomer (foreign-born women who came to live in Canada during the previous ten years, regardless of their immigration status) women were recruited in Montreal, Canada. Participants were recruited directly through advertisements in public places and in collaboration with community organizations (women’s centers, homeless shelters, crisis centers, domestic violence shelters, immigrant settlement agencies and ethnic associations) and they self-identified as having experienced housing insecurity. Efforts were made to include a diversity of immigrant statuses as well as diversity in ethnicity, race, country of origin, family composition, sexual orientation, age and range of physical and mental ability. Women were engaged in semi-structured, open-ended interviews lasting approximately 1 h. Interviews were conducted in English or French in a location and time of participants’ choosing.

Findings

The findings are presented around three themes: how health problems instigate and maintain migrant women’s housing insecurity and homelessness; ways in which women’s immigration trajectories and legal status may influence their health experiences; and particular coping strategies that migrant women employ in efforts to maintain or manage their health. The authors conclude with implications of these findings for both policy and practice in relation to migrant women who experience or are at risk of housing insecurity and homelessness.

Originality/value

Intersections of women experiencing migration and housing insecurity in Canadian contexts have rarely been examined. This paper addresses a gap in the literature in terms of topic and context, but also in terms of sharing the voices of migrant women with direct experience with housing insecurity.

Details

International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care, vol. 15 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1747-9894

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Article
Publication date: 1 April 2000

ROGER FLANAGAN and LAURENCE MARSH

Information technology (IT) has been widely applied across many economic sectors in order to increase competitiveness and reduce costs. This paper identifies that uptake of IT…

1780

Abstract

Information technology (IT) has been widely applied across many economic sectors in order to increase competitiveness and reduce costs. This paper identifies that uptake of IT within construction is low. It is argued that significant barriers preventing construction organizations from investing in IT include uncertainty concerning the identification and measurement of benefits associated with applications. In particular, it is argued that difficulties in quantifying benefits associated with improved information availability and decision making prevent effective IT cost/benefit analysis. Existing approaches to evaluating IT within construction are reviewed. A framework is presented which identifies metrics by which IT impacts both management and operational processes within construction in order to deliver value. An evaluation methodology tailored to one specific IT application, high‐density bar coding in maintenance management, is presented to illustrate the quantification of both the costs and benefits of applying IT.

Details

Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, vol. 7 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0969-9988

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