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Article
Publication date: 31 December 2010

Jung‐Wan Lee and Simon W. Tai

This study investigates motivators and inhibitors of entrepreneurship and small business development in the transitional economy of Kazakhstan in Central Asia. A qualitative…

907

Abstract

This study investigates motivators and inhibitors of entrepreneurship and small business development in the transitional economy of Kazakhstan in Central Asia. A qualitative research was used to obtain a macro view of developing entrepreneurship and small business in Kazakhstan. A focus group interview with entrepreneurs and small business owners was conducted during 2006. In general, factors that enhance entrepreneurship and small business development include encouraging social entrepreneurship, increasing credits availability, improving institutional environment and supports from international organisations. Selected policy and practical implications are identified, such as improving institutional development, creating supportive business environment, and promoting social entrepreneurship.

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World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, vol. 6 no. 1/2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2042-5961

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Article
Publication date: 10 April 2009

Jung‐Wan Lee and Simon W. Tai

This paper aims to investigate the concept of the standardisation of products and marketing communications in an emerging market. The paper further aims to introduce a logical…

3344

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the concept of the standardisation of products and marketing communications in an emerging market. The paper further aims to introduce a logical connection between product attributes and consumers' perceptions of product quality.

Design/methodology/approach

Relationships between the product attributes of characteristic‐, benefit‐, image‐ and perceived‐product quality are hypothesized. The empirical data, which collected via a consumer survey in Almaty, Kazakhstan, are utilized to test hypotheses using structural equation modeling method.

Findings

This study finds that product attributes affect differentially to consumers' evaluation of product quality. For products with higher symbolic meanings such as the automobile in Central Asia, consumers are more sensitive to the benefit attribute of the product rather than the product characteristic attribute.

Research limitations/implications

This study uses a single product category and a single segment. Results need to be expanded and confirmed with other product categories in other emergent markets.

Practical implications

This study implies that, beyond product standardisation, multinational firms must develop strategic marketing communications by adapting the differences of values, expectations, needs of consumers towards global products, in particular, in emerging markets.

Originality/value

Very few studies in global marketing have been carried out in the Commonwealth Independent States region. In particular, to understand the intricacies of product quality judgment by Kazakh consumers towards global products is important to multinational firms that are operating in the region.

Details

International Journal of Emerging Markets, vol. 4 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1746-8809

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Article
Publication date: 1 July 2006

Jung‐Wan Lee and Simon Tai

This research aims to focus on the understanding of how young consumers (generation Y) in transition economies perceive western multinational firms, what factors influence their…

2896

Abstract

Purpose

This research aims to focus on the understanding of how young consumers (generation Y) in transition economies perceive western multinational firms, what factors influence their consumption preferences of western products, and what are communication channels that affect their purchasing intensions of western products and brands.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected by interviews of consumer focus groups for qualitative implications, and survey questionnaires were developed to obtain quantitative data for statistical analyses to provide additional insights during the period from September to November 2004 in Almaty, Kazakhstan.

Findings

The findings suggest that due to the influence of increased contacts with western cultures, people, and products through mass media (mainly TV) and marketing campaigns by multinational companies, most of the young consumers in transition economies have favorable attitudes towards western products and things, and they have high appreciation especially for global brands. However, product attributes could mean different things in different cultures.

Research limitations/implications

The results of this study are exploratory in nature and should be tested and reviewed with further studies. Because this study was conducted within a single segment, validation of these findings in other segments will require additional research. Different sample groups can be tested for validation purposes. Finally, this study was limited to the cogitative responses of consumers with limited investigation of actual consumer purchasing behavior.

Practical implications

The researchers suggest that marketing managers should seek to communicate and promote their brands and products as symbols of global consumer culture, and if possible, utilizing celebrity advertisements as marketing communication tools, especially to young consumers in transition economies. The objective would be to have consumers identify their brand and product as a sign of membership in the status‐seeking, achievement‐oriented and hedonic segment markets.

Originality/value

Few studies of generation Y consumers in transition economies have been carried out. In particular, the choice of Central Asia and the role of multinational companies are especially important.

Details

International Journal of Emerging Markets, vol. 1 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1746-8809

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Article
Publication date: 1 February 1996

Sandra W.M. HO and Patrick P.H. NG

This paper studies the audit fee structure in Hong Kong. By analysing data concerning a number of variables representing auditee size, auditee risk, complexity of audit, auditor…

952

Abstract

This paper studies the audit fee structure in Hong Kong. By analysing data concerning a number of variables representing auditee size, auditee risk, complexity of audit, auditor identity, and the timing of audit, we develop a model of the determinants of audit fees which is applicable to the unique environment in Hong Kong. Using a more recent time period of 1992 and 1993, this study strongly confirms that most of the previous research findings are also applicable to the Hong Kong audit service market. We provide additional evidence relating to variables such as the Big Six (previously Big Eight) effects, auditee risk and auditee complexity which have been found to have inconclusive associations with the level of audit fees in previous research. Specifically, auditee size appears to have been the main determinant of audit fees, and the size measure is two‐dimensional, both asset and turnover respectively add explanatory power to that provided by each other. Complexity of audit adds significantly to the cost of audit. There is also evidence of Big Six effects and low‐balling. In addition, some evidence is found for the effects of auditee risk on audit fees. Finally, a longer audit delay, which reflects the possibility of inefficient audit time spent, entails higher audit fees. Future research should consider the importance of other issues such as non‐audit services and the extent of market concentration.

Details

Asian Review of Accounting, vol. 4 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1321-7348

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Article
Publication date: 1 December 2001

James W. Bannister and David N. Wiest

Outlines previous research into the factors influencing managers’ choice of accounting procedures and auditors’ acceptance of them, including regulatory action by the US…

1055

Abstract

Outlines previous research into the factors influencing managers’ choice of accounting procedures and auditors’ acceptance of them, including regulatory action by the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Studies data from 1980‐1996 SEC enforcement actions against big five accounting firms or their staff to investigate the levels of discretionary accruals made by the relevant clients during the period of investigation. Explains how the discretionary accruals are estimated over various time frames and shows that clients have more income decreasing accruals as the investigation takes place. Considers possible reasons for this and concludes that it is due to the auditors becoming more conservative.

Details

Managerial Finance, vol. 27 no. 12
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0307-4358

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Article
Publication date: 15 September 2021

Bo Wang, Qiang Liang, Lihong Song and Erming Xu

With features of both “family” and “business,” family businesses must seek a balance between the emotional aspect of “family” and the economic aspect of “business” in its…

356

Abstract

Purpose

With features of both “family” and “business,” family businesses must seek a balance between the emotional aspect of “family” and the economic aspect of “business” in its organizational and decision-making processes to ensure the sustainability of the family’s entrepreneurship. This study aims to focus on how internal institutional complexity combined evolves alongside the growth of the family business.

Design/methodology/approach

The research looks, from the perspective of institutional logic, into the Charoen Pokphand Group, which is an epitome of overseas Chinese family businesses and proceeds to build a model of family business growth in the context of institutional complexity.

Findings

The research finds that as a family business grows, institutional complexity inside the organization would change from aligned period to sustaining period and then to dominant period. Then further elucidates the process of proactive response in different stages of the development of a family business. Attaching equal importance to the cultivation of entrepreneurship and to the continuation of family values and culture is the crucial mechanism by which Chinese family businesses seek a balance between family logic and business logic.

Originality/value

This paper unveils the change of institutional complexity in the evolution of family businesses and the process of action of its agency as an organization, and simultaneously partly reveals the features of entrepreneurship that overseas Chinese family businesses have as they grew, which is of positive significance for exploring and building a path of growth unique to Chinese family businesses.

Details

Nankai Business Review International, vol. 13 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2040-8749

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Article
Publication date: 30 April 2021

Pornlapas Suwannarat

This study focuses on variations of the importance of core values through motivational domains of individuals by their cultural background. The effect of motivational domains on…

381

Abstract

Purpose

This study focuses on variations of the importance of core values through motivational domains of individuals by their cultural background. The effect of motivational domains on operational performance has also been investigated.

Design/methodology/approach

The study used survey as the main data collection method to elicit data from managerial workers in spa businesses in four regions of Thailand. An unpublished database of spa businesses was provided to the study by the Thai Chamber of Commerce.

Findings

Significant variations of the importance of motivational domains of managerial workers can be found according to the subculture of each of the four regions of Thailand. In addition, the motivational domains have found their significant impact on worker operational performance.

Research limitations/implications

One of the limitations of this study may be the distribution of samples because the study focuses on spa businesses, most of which in each region are located in big tourism provinces that may not be wholly representative of the characteristics of each region.

Practical implications

This study will be of practical value for practitioners or managers of any firms since it is important to consider value variations when assessing the operational performance; workers, especially managerial workers, in each subculture may have different priorities in the motivational domains of their lives. This could affect their operational performance.

Originality/value

This is an original attempt to ascertain variations of core values through motivational domains by subculture. It fills a knowledge gap in under-researched area in the literature since so far a few studies have examined this issue in the ASEAN countries.

Details

International Journal of Emerging Markets, vol. 18 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1746-8809

Keywords

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Book part
Publication date: 18 December 2016

Stephanie A. Peak, Emily J. Hanson, Fade R. Eadeh and Alan J. Lambert

In a diverse society, empathy would intuitively seem to represent a powerful force for social good. In particular, we expect empathic people to tolerate (rather than reject…

Abstract

In a diverse society, empathy would intuitively seem to represent a powerful force for social good. In particular, we expect empathic people to tolerate (rather than reject) attitudes that might be different from their own, and to resolve and/or avoid (rather than escalate) potential disagreements with others. Some research supports this benign view of empathy, but somewhat surprisingly, there is a “dark” side to empathy, one that can sometimes exacerbate attitudinal conflict. That is, empathy can often be parochial, in the sense that people are inclined to reserve their compassion for others only when they are deemed to be worthy of such support. In this chapter we review classic and contemporary research on the light and dark side of empathy, and consider its implications for the kinds of dynamics that could potentially emerge when people encounter people and ideas that are different from their own.

Details

The Crisis of Race in Higher Education: A Day of Discovery and Dialogue
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78635-710-6

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 2008

Eric W.T. Ngai, Chuck C.H. Law, Simon C.H. Chan and Francis K.T. Wat

The purpose of this study is to empirically examine the perceptions of the importance of the internet to human resource management (HRM) and to understand the existing human…

5816

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to empirically examine the perceptions of the importance of the internet to human resource management (HRM) and to understand the existing human resource (HR) practices and needs of the internet to support HRM functions.

Design/methodology/approach

A structured questionnaire survey was used to collect data from selected public companies quoted on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. Questionnaires were returned by 147 respondents and used for the analysis. The overall response rate was 29 percent, which was higher than expected.

Findings

The findings indicated that the most frequently cited internet‐supported HRM function in the existing literature is recruitment and selection. The results showed that there are no significant organization size differences or significant differences in internet connectivity as far as the perceived importance of the internet to HR practitioners is concerned. Specifically, helping managers to stay informed is the most important reason for adopting the internet for HR practitioners.

Originality/value

This study has proved that internet‐based HR offers enormous opportunities to improve organization performance. This paper introduces the reader to the potential use of the internet to support HRM.

Details

Personnel Review, vol. 37 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0048-3486

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Book part
Publication date: 13 August 2018

Robert L. Dipboye

Abstract

Details

The Emerald Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78743-786-9

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