Maintaining cooperation and avoiding opportunism is essential for a healthy venture capitalist (VC) – entrepreneur relationship. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to explore…
Abstract
Purpose
Maintaining cooperation and avoiding opportunism is essential for a healthy venture capitalist (VC) – entrepreneur relationship. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to explore the role of control and trust for developing a cooperative VC-entrepreneur relationship in an agency environment in the Indian context.
Design/methodology/approach
The study adopts a multiple case study approach to investigate ten VC-entrepreneur dyads. It uses data collected from both primary and secondary sources. Content analysis was used as the data treatment technique.
Findings
The empirical evidence indicates that VC-entrepreneur relationships emerging in the early stages suffer from low agency risks and use more of relational mechanisms to curb opportunism and develop cooperation while relationships at an advanced stage suffer from higher agency risks and employ more of control mechanisms to address it.
Practical implications
The findings can be utilized to enhance cooperation in VC-entrepreneur relationship by identifying the appropriate context to apply relational or control mechanisms, which would eventually lead to better performance of the venture.
Originality/value
This distinction results in the development of a theoretical model which shows how the dual governance mechanisms of control and trust interact with one another to affect confidence in partner cooperation as an entrepreneurial venture raises multiple rounds of venture capital across various stages. The data collected from Indian VC-entrepreneur dyads offers a rich description of the relationship dynamics across the Indian entrepreneurial ecosystem.
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This article aims to explore the importance of trust and reputation in new ventures that are raising venture capital.
Abstract
Purpose
This article aims to explore the importance of trust and reputation in new ventures that are raising venture capital.
Design/methodology/approach
The article is based on an interview with founding partners of an eminent Indian venture capital firm, conducted by an independent interviewer.
Findings
Venture capitalists are moving from a more formal approach for investing to a more relational one. Other than traditional methods of selecting and protecting their investments, the venture capitalists are resorting to trustworthiness of entrepreneurs and reputation as vital deterrence mechanisms.
Practical implications
The findings can be utilized to reduce contracting costs and develop a more efficient venture capitalist‐entrepreneur relationship.
Originality/value
The article proposes new criteria which the entrepreneurs should be aware of before trying to raise venture finance.
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Swati Panda and Shridhar Kumar Dash
– The objective of this article is to highlight the important role played by an entrepreneur’s network in the survival and performance of new ventures.
Abstract
Purpose
The objective of this article is to highlight the important role played by an entrepreneur’s network in the survival and performance of new ventures.
Design/methodology/approach
The article is based on a case study of a new venture, where data were collected from various stakeholders through interviews.
Findings
Entrepreneurs can overcome their liability of newness, enhance their competitiveness and increase their firm’s value by utilizing their networks. The case study demonstrated in the study is a good example of how an entrepreneur utilized his strong ties and weak ties to establish and enhance the performance of his venture.
Practical implications
The findings can be utilized by entrepreneurs worldwide to reduce the mortality rate of their venture and enhance their performance.
Originality/value
The article demonstrates, through a case study, a unique business model of an entrepreneurial venture that leverages the power of networks to achieve superior performance.
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EDMC represents extended dynamic matrix control, which can be applied to nonlinear process control. In this method, control inputs are determined based on a linear model that…
Abstract
EDMC represents extended dynamic matrix control, which can be applied to nonlinear process control. In this method, control inputs are determined based on a linear model that approximates the process and is updated during each sampling interval. Since nonlinear relation still exists between the prediction error and the control input, numerical (iterative) methods are used to solve the optimization problem defined in the method. For nonlinear processes with high variation and/or sign changes in their steady‐state gain, iterative methods do not converge properly to an acceptable solution for some desired outputs or external disturbances. To eliminate the problem, we augment the process with its steady‐state gain inverse (or pseudo inverse whenever required) such that the steady‐state gain for the new augmented system is constant or contains slow variations. In the case of unstable processes, the method may be applied after stabilizing the process using a proper state or output feedback. Effectiveness of the method has been examined using computer simulations of some benchmark processes. Some of the obtained results are presented in this paper.
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Rehan Husain and Shalini Nath Tripathi
This study aims to delve into the cultural differences between developing and developed countries pertaining to the negative behavioral fallouts of adopting anthropomorphized…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to delve into the cultural differences between developing and developed countries pertaining to the negative behavioral fallouts of adopting anthropomorphized humanoids or robots. The underlying motivation (for the study) lies in the fact that these countries are at the vanguard of artificial intelligence development and deployment, albeit with varying levels of development and acceptance.
Design/methodology/approach
The research framework used in this study is guided by the computers as social actors framework, expectancy disconfirmation theory and is supported by the uncanny valley theory. The data was collected in two contexts using probabilistic sampling technique, N= = 782 (n1 = 393 respondents: developed country i.e. USA and n2 = 389 respondents: developing country i.e. India). The partial least square analysis was carried out for the proposed model’s validation and hypotheses testing.
Findings
This study shows that in developed countries, the consumers have high preinteraction expectations while they express comparatively more dark behavior than respondents from developing countries. Consumers in developed countries focus on anthropomorphic knowledge and design cues, while in developing countries, they pay attention to utility and functionality. Finally, the results also suggest that female respondents from developed countries exhibit more resilience toward anthropomorphized agents in adopting and expressing dark behavior.
Originality/value
The present research makes essential contributions to anthropomorphism literature. First, this study explored impact of the interaction effect on the dark side, a rather under-explored domain in regret literature. Second, this study provides evidence for cross-cultural variations pertaining to the dark side impacts. Finally, this study adds to impact of demographic variables, showing that gender played a significant role in moderating relationships in the proposed model.
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Luis L. Martins and Marieke C. Schilpzand
Global virtual teams (GVTs) – composed of members in two or more countries who work together primarily using information and communication technologies – are increasingly…
Abstract
Global virtual teams (GVTs) – composed of members in two or more countries who work together primarily using information and communication technologies – are increasingly prevalent in organizations today. There has been a burgeoning of research on this relatively new organizational unit, spanning various academic disciplines. In this chapter, we review and discuss the major developments in this area of research. Based on our review, we identify areas in need of future research, suggest research directions that have the potential to enhance theory development, and provide practical guidelines on managing and working in GVTs.
Debasmita Saha, Rama Pandillapally, Vaibhav Dhyani, Kurre Sri Harsha, Sarpras Swain, Suhanya Duraiswamy and Lopamudra Giri
In vitro millifluidic cultures with perfusion are essential tools to analyse and understand the interactions between cells, their matrix and multi-cell populations. The purpose of…
Abstract
Purpose
In vitro millifluidic cultures with perfusion are essential tools to analyse and understand the interactions between cells, their matrix and multi-cell populations. The purpose of this paper is to focus on the design and development of a 3D-printed template that can be used for fabrication of a clear view poly (dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) device. The major objective is to obtain a transparent device prototype that allows perfusion culture of two cell types for multiple days that can be imaged using laser scanning confocal microscopy.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors used a two-step approach for achieving the final geometric structure at a faster timeline and lower cost. The first part focuses on comparing the fidelity of the printing templates using fused deposition modelling (FDM) and stereolithography (SLA) printers for a range of dimensions. They then show that the complex geometry chip with connection chambers can be printed using low resolution low cost FormLab SLA printer. The final optimized design was then printed using high-resolution Projet 6000 SLA printer to obtain smoother structures.
Findings
In this work, the authors have shown that the FormLab SLA printer yields significantly lower error for printing complex design geometries as compared to FDM printer. Result shows that FormLab printer can be used to achieve a minimum dimension of 0.5 mm. They then use the printer to optimize the device dimension for the culture chip which requires several iterations of printing and experimenting. They showed the two-step protocol of printing the optimized template in a high-resolution SLA printer and further fabricating a clear view millifluidic PDMS device that is compatible confocal microscopy imaging. They used this culture chip for perfusion culture of two cell type, and the controlled fluidic exchange between the two chambers led to the formation of neuroglia junction.
Originality/value
One of the major bottlenecks for obtaining complex geometry in mili/microfluidic device by 3D printing is the need of multiple iterations on printing. This makes the tuning of dimension significantly expensive. Another challenge is to obtain a smooth surface of PDMS that leads to a leak proof clear view device compatible for laser based confocal imaging. The combination of two printers plays a crucial role for the rapid prototyping of the imaging device with flow control. The proposed approach lowers the cost for prototyping of in vitro culture chip with complex geometries to improve on biological research demanding multi-chamber fluidic device.