Min Zhu, Satvir Singh and Huaqing Wang
The purpose of this paper is to extend the social loafing literature by investigating the role of group development process on perceptions of social loafing within groups…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to extend the social loafing literature by investigating the role of group development process on perceptions of social loafing within groups. Building on extant literature, it is contended that group members’ association with the group development stages can help in predicting their perceptions of social loafing.
Design/methodology/approach
Using a cross-sectional survey data were collected from 164 individuals nested in 39 groups. Mixed-effect modeling in R was unitized to test the proposed hypotheses.
Findings
Results of mixed-effect modeling in R show that group development stage of inclusion and dependency (stage 1) has no significant effect on perceptions of social loafing. Whereas, group development stage of counterdependency and fight (stage 2) has positive, and trust and structure (stage 3) and work (stage 4) has negative effect on perception of social loafing by group members.
Originality/value
This study investigates unique relationships between group members’ association with different stages of group development and their perceptions of social loafing. Additionally, a newer, shorter and cost-effective scale to measure four stages of group development is developed.
Details
Keywords
Hong Cheng, Gabriela Flores, Satvir Singh and Richard Posthuma
This paper aims to examine whether the number of employment discrimination laws in a country influences voice and accountability.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to examine whether the number of employment discrimination laws in a country influences voice and accountability.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors compared the number of employment discrimination laws in different countries to perceptions of voice and accountability.
Findings
Results indicate that the number of discrimination laws enacted in a country has a positive impact on the voice and accountability perceptions of citizens. Further, this relationship is found to be moderated by two contextual factors: cultural assertiveness and the percentage of females in the population. Specifically, the positive impact of the number of discrimination laws on voice and accountability perceptions was found to be stronger in highly assertive cultures and in countries with a lower percentage of females in the population.
Originality/value
This is the first study to show a relationship between the number of employment discrimination laws in a country and perceptions of voice and accountability.