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The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged supply chains (SCs) around the globe unprecedentedly. This study aims to gain insights on the impacts of the pandemic on SCs and their management under consideration of different regional contexts on a global scale.

A Delphi study collects the expertise of global SC academics on the SC vulnerabilities and the measures for responding to disruptions, improving resilience, and restoring operations. Data from three polls are systematically analyzed by content, frequency, and cluster analysis.

The study identifies and ranks ten major issues related to SC vulnerabilities and management strategies for specific SC processes and geographical regions. Detected differences among the considered geographical regions point towards particular challenges and call for specific measures to integrate regional contingencies into SC management. In a regional comparison, China and Iran as well as Africa clearly stand out, but also Europe/North America, India/Pakistan, and Brazil show geographical particularities.

The responses are collected against the COVID-19 pandemic, while the findings show differences among the regions thereby arguing for taking regional contingencies into account in managing SCs.

SC resilience is a core aim, which was emphasized by the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings provide insights and challenges that managers would have to meet in the different regions covered.

This paper contributes to existing knowledge on SC risks and SC resilience in context to extreme situations. Given that events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, will become more frequent in the future due to climate change and geopolitical tensions, insights into how to manage SCs under extreme conditions and into regional differences are crucial.

The Covid-19 pandemic has made it essential to explore the resilience factors specific to developing regions, not only because they pose threats of extreme poverty and offer a novel context but also because they play an important role in globalisation.

A mixed-method approach was undertaken to address this novel pandemic situation. First, an open-ended structured questionnaire was developed, and data were collected from three neighbouring emerging economies: Pakistan, India and Iran. Experts' perspectives on vulnerabilities, response measures, resilience and restoration of supply chain activities, and the role of social capital were collected. Second, building upon the findings from phase one of the studies, a quantitative structured questionnaire using the supply chain operational reference (SCOR) model was used to collect data in a structured manner. This quantitative data were further analysed using frequency and contingency analysis.

The findings from the first phase of the study inductively derive 36 resilience categories. Later, the contingency findings show that supply chain (SC) disruption is a major vulnerability for emerging economies, whereas solutions offered to combat it lay in the reconfiguration of resources, such as financial, technological, human, information and material. Additionally, supply network structure and social capital play an integral part in making SCs resilient against disruption.

The respondents comprise the academics/SC researchers, which make the findings interesting though they lack the industrial experts' perspectives, directly. Nevertheless, the propositions can be tested in industrial settings to see whether the results are limited to a specific industrial setting or are rather generalised.

Similarly, practitioners and policy makers can incorporate the SCOR metrics/factors outlined in this study into their performance measurement systems and ensure continuous monitoring for firm's resilience.

The study offers a holistic understanding of the developing regions' approaches to Covid-19. The paper also takes a social capital perspective to explain firms' resilience in these emerging economies.

This research aims to investigate the influence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on employee retention among banking employees in Pakistan, along with the moderating effect of innovative leadership on the relationship between CSR and employee retention.

The nature of this study is quantitative, where structured questionnaires were used to collect the data from 327 employees working in different banks. The sample size was calculated using the Krejice and Morgan model. Data was analysed through SPSS and smart-PLS 4.

Results of this study indicate that CSR has a significantly positive relationship with employee retention. Study results also suggest that innovative leadership has a significant positive relationship with employee retention and that innovative leadership moderates the relationship between CSR and employee retention.

This study is limited to banking employees; therefore, future studies can be extended to other service sectors such as telecom and private educational institutions. This study model can also be tested in other industries as well. Furthermore, longitudinal studies can also be conducted in future.

This study is different from the previously available studies based on the following grounds. Firstly, this tests the relationship of CSR and employee retention through stakeholder and social exchange theories on a micro-level perspective of CSR. Secondly, the role of innovative readership as a moderator has not yet been explored in the existing studies, whereas this study is enriching the literature on this topic.

This study is to examine the impact of viscous dissipation, thermal radiation and Ohmic heating on the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow with thermal and mass transport over a horizontally stretching surface. Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model on a non-Newtonian viscous fluid along with two viscosity models and convective boundary condition has been employed. Tri-hybrid nanofluid has been used to increase thermal performance.

Governing mathematical model has been transposed into a dimensionless system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by applying suitable similarity transformation. Numerical solution has been found by applying the bvp4c shooting method in MATLAB software.

Velocity and thermal profiles of Model-I dominate the profiles of Model-II whereas opposite behavior is noticed for concentration profiles. It is concluded that there is an increase in temperature due to thermal radiation, viscous dissipation and convective boundary condition.

The novelty of presented work is to examine the impact of Ohmic heating, viscous dissipation, thermal radiation, chemical reaction and two models of viscosity on Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model of tri-hybrid non-Newtonian nanofluid with convective boundary constraint. The accuracy and effectiveness of presented model have been compared with already published research.

This paper aims to present the analytical investigation on an unsteady magneto-convective rotation of an electrically conducting non-Newtonian Casson hybrid nanoliquid past a vertical porous plate. The effects of thermal radiation, heat source/sink and hydrodynamic slip phenomenon are also taken into account. Ethylene glycol (EG) is adopted as a base Casson fluid. The Casson fluid model is accounted for to describe the rheological characteristics of non-Newtonian fluid. EG with copper and alumina nanoparticles is envisaged as a non-Newtonian Casson hybrid nanoliquid. The copper-alumina-ethylene glycol hybrid nanoliquid is considered as the regenerative coolant.

The perturbation method is implemented to develop the analytical solution of the modeled equations. Acquired solutions are used to calculate the shear stresses and the rate of heat transfer in terms of amplitudes and phase angles. Numerical results are figured out and tabled to inspect the physical insights of various emerging parameters on the pertinent flow characteristics.

This exploration discloses that the velocity profiles are strongly diminished by the slip parameter. Centrifugal and Coriolis forces caused by the plate rotation are found to significantly change the entire flow regime. The supplementation of nanoparticles is to lessen the amplitude of the heat transfer rate. A comparative study is carried out to understand the improvement of heat transfer characteristics of Casson hybrid nanoliquid and Casson nanoliquid. However, the Casson hybrid nanoliquid exhibits a lower rate of heat transfer than the usual Casson nanoliquid.

This proposed model would be pertinent in oceanography, meteorology, atmospheric science, power engineering, power and propulsion generation, solar energy transformation, thermoelectric and sensing material processing, tumbler in polymer manufacturing, etc. Motivated by such practical implications, the proposed study has been unfolded.

The novelty of this paper is to examine the simultaneous effects of the magnetic field, Coriolis force, suction/injection, slip condition and thermal radiation on non-Newtonian Casson hybrid nanoliquid flow past an oscillating vertical plate subject to periodically heating in a rotating frame of reference. A numerical comparison is also made with the existing published results under some limiting cases and it is found that the results are in good agreement with them. An in-depth review of the literature and the author’s best understanding find that such aspects of the problem have so far remained unexplored.