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Article
Publication date: 12 April 2022

Ramiro Mantecón, Celia Rufo-Martín, Rodrigo Castellanos and José Diaz-Alvarez

Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is booming as a manufacturing technique in several industrial fields because of its ease of use, the simple-to-meet requirements for its machinery…

161

Abstract

Purpose

Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is booming as a manufacturing technique in several industrial fields because of its ease of use, the simple-to-meet requirements for its machinery and the possibility to manufacture individual specimens cost-effectively. However, there are still large variations in the mechanical properties of the prints dependent on the process parameters, and there are many discrepancies in the literature as to which are the optimal parameters.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, thermal evolution of the printed specimens is set as the main focus and some phenomena that affect this evolution are explored to differentiate their effects on the mechanical properties in FDM. Interlayer waiting times, the thermal effects of the position of the extruder relative to the specimens and the printing layout are assessed. Thermal measurements are acquired during deposition and tensile tests are performed on the specimens, correlating the mechanical behavior with the thermal evolution during printing.

Findings

Additional waiting times do not present significant differences in the prints. Thermal stabilization of the material is observed to be faster than whole layer deposition. The layout is seen to affect the thermal gradients in the printed specimens and increase the fragility. Strain at breakage variations up to 64% are found depending on the layout.

Originality/value

This study opens new research and technological discussions on the optimal settings for the manufacturing of high-performance mechanical components with FDM through the study of the thermal gradients generated in the printed specimens.

Details

Rapid Prototyping Journal, vol. 28 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2546

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Article
Publication date: 3 April 2017

Jeferson Lana, Rosilene Marcon, Rodrigo Bandeira-de-Mello and Wlamir Xavier

Drawing on the agency and institutional theory, this paper aims to explore how financial internationalization shapes firm performance through the influence of foreign actors.

515

Abstract

Purpose

Drawing on the agency and institutional theory, this paper aims to explore how financial internationalization shapes firm performance through the influence of foreign actors.

Design/methodology/approach

By using a unique panel database, composed of over 26,000 curricula and 4,000 corporate reports from approximately 450 Brazilian companies, the effects of financial internationalization were explored in a longitudinal view by using multiple regression analysis with fixed effects.

Findings

The results present consistent and non-trivial effects of financial internationalization on firms’s performance. When tested together, foreign ownership showed inconclusive results, foreign directors and depositary receipts showed a positive association with performance and foreign currency debt showed a negative association.

Research limitations/implications

In most cases, the data on foreign stakeholders, foreign directors and foreign currency debt do not address the home country.

Practical implications

Serving the interest of foreign stakeholders from multiple institutional perspectives can be a challenge for managers. The findings of this study provide an opportunity for research focusing on institutional duality and financial internationalization.

Originality/value

This paper extends the prior literature on corporate governance and financial internationalization by investigating the latter on a perspective of firms from an emerging market. The empirical evidence section provides support for the argument that the simultaneous presence of foreign actors in multiple mechanisms of the corporate governance structure impacts the performance of emerging market firms.

Details

Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society, vol. 17 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1472-0701

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Article
Publication date: 18 September 2017

Rodrigo Costas, Antonio Perianes-Rodríguez and Javier Ruiz-Castillo

The introduction of “altmetrics” as new tools to analyze scientific impact within the reward system of science has challenged the hegemony of citations as the predominant source…

669

Abstract

Purpose

The introduction of “altmetrics” as new tools to analyze scientific impact within the reward system of science has challenged the hegemony of citations as the predominant source for measuring scientific impact. Mendeley readership has been identified as one of the most important altmetric sources, with several features that are similar to citations. The purpose of this paper is to perform an in-depth analysis of the differences and similarities between the distributions of Mendeley readership and citations across fields.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors analyze two issues by using in each case a common analytical framework for both metrics: the shape of the distributions of readership and citations, and the field normalization problem generated by differences in citation and readership practices across fields. In the first issue the authors use the characteristic scores and scales method, and in the second the measurement framework introduced in Crespo et al. (2013).

Findings

There are three main results. First, the citations and Mendeley readership distributions exhibit a strikingly similar degree of skewness in all fields. Second, the results on “exchange rates (ERs)” for Mendeley readership empirically supports the possibility of comparing readership counts across fields, as well as the field normalization of readership distributions using ERs as normalization factors. Third, field normalization using field mean readerships as normalization factors leads to comparably good results.

Originality/value

These findings open up challenging new questions, particularly regarding the possibility of obtaining conflicting results from field normalized citation and Mendeley readership indicators; this suggests the need for better determining the role of the two metrics in capturing scientific recognition.

Details

Aslib Journal of Information Management, vol. 69 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2050-3806

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Article
Publication date: 6 November 2017

Paulo Antônio Zawislak, Jorge Tello-Gamarra, Edi Madalena Fracasso and Oscar Castellanos

The purpose of this paper is to present eight papers selected from ALTEC 2015 that provide an overview of innovation in Latin America.

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present eight papers selected from ALTEC 2015 that provide an overview of innovation in Latin America.

Design/methodology/approach

This editorial seeks to define innovation by examining its conceptual foundations. It considers innovation beyond firms and technology to address other forms, such as social and institutional innovations. Thereafter, it discusses innovation in the context of Latin America and suggests means by which to stimulate it in the region. Finally, the authors present the eight papers included in this “special edition.”

Findings

The major findings of the paper are that it considers non-technological innovation within firms, innovation beyond the firm and innovation beyond technology. Moreover, it helps to better understand a core issue of innovation in Latin America, which is the focus on macroeconomic policy instead of microeconomic stimuli.

Originality/value

A broader understanding of the concept of innovation is of notable importance. Innovation implies the recognition of issues related to the market (firm), but also to the community (society) and to humanly devised constraints (institutions). Technology is only one part of it. For this special issue, the selected articles highlight the efforts made by different authors to contribute to innovation studies in the editors’ region.

Propuesta

Este número presenta ocho manuscritos seleccionados del ALTEC 2015, que ofrecen un panorama de la innovación en América Latina.

Diseño/metodología/enfoque

Esta editorial busca definir la innovación mediante la examinación de sus fundamentos conceptuales. Esto considera que la innovación va más allá de las firmas y la tecnología para abordar otros tipos, tales como innovación social e institucional. Posteriormente, se analiza la innovación en el contexto de América Latina y se sugieren medios para su estimulo en la región. Finalmente, presentamos los ocho artículos incluidos en esta Edición Especial.

Resultados

Las principales conclusiones de esta editorial son que se considera la innovación no tecnológica dentro de las firmas, la innovación más allá de la firma y la innovación más allá de la tecnología. Además, esto ayuda a comprehender mejor una cuestión central de la innovación en América Latina, que es el enfoque en política macroeconómica en lugar de los estímulos microeconómicos.

Originalidad/valor

Un mayor entendimiento del concepto de innovación es de gran importancia. La innovación implica el reconocimiento de las cuestiones relacionadas con el mercado (firma), pero también con la comunidad (sociedad) y con las restricciones humanamente concebidas (instituciones). La tecnología es solo una parte de esta. Para esta Edición Especial, los artículos seleccionados destacan los esfuerzos realizados por diferentes autores para contribuir a los estudios de innovación en nuestra región.

Details

Academia Revista Latinoamericana de Administración, vol. 30 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1012-8255

Keywords

Available. Content available
Book part
Publication date: 13 August 2024

Abstract

Details

Exploring Hope: Case Studies of Innovation, Change and Development in the Global South
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83549-736-4

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Article
Publication date: 5 August 2024

Adil Mgueraman and Manal EL Abboubi

This research seeks to analyse the process by which undergraduate students make decisions on social entrepreneurship intention (SEI) using the theory of planned behaviour (TPB…

76

Abstract

Purpose

This research seeks to analyse the process by which undergraduate students make decisions on social entrepreneurship intention (SEI) using the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) model, as well as to comprehend the influence of social capital (SC) on their SEI.

Design/methodology/approach

The sample was obtained from the Faculty of Legal, Economic and Social Sciences of Agdal in Rabat, consisting of third-year students enrolled in a bachelor’s or master’s degree programme. The study involved a total of 300 pupils. The authors used the multivariate analytic method known as partial least squares (PLS) to investigate the correlation between different components of our theoretical framework.

Findings

SC has demonstrated indirect influences on the development of intentions in the field of social entrepreneurship (SE). The perceived knowledge of the support network has a substantial impact on behavioural control and subjective norms, but it does not influence attitudes. In contrast, the perceived support from the friends and family network has a substantial impact on all three components of the model.

Research limitations/implications

Despite the study’s extensive coverage of several ideas and their consequences in both the theoretical and practical realms, it is important to acknowledge its inherent limitations. The cross-sectional design and use of a student sample may be perceived as restricting considerations.

Originality/value

This research provides valuable insights that support the investments in education, resources and human endeavours made by governmental entities, universities and the private sector. It also supports the initiatives undertaken by management and business schools, as well as trade associations. When individuals establish an intention to engage in SE, whether they act on it immediately or later on or whether they never act on it at all, there is a good signal that mentorship programmes and training in SE have an influence on the process of transitioning towards taking action.

Details

Social Enterprise Journal, vol. 20 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1750-8614

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Article
Publication date: 20 November 2020

Oluwatola Adigun, Folorunso Oludayo Fasina, Awoke Kidanemariam, Nomakorinte Gcebe and Abiodun A. Adesiyun

The primary objective was to determine the prevalence of indicator microorganisms [Staphylococcus aureus, non-S. aureus staphylococci (NSAS), coliforms and aerobic bacteria] for…

186

Abstract

Purpose

The primary objective was to determine the prevalence of indicator microorganisms [Staphylococcus aureus, non-S. aureus staphylococci (NSAS), coliforms and aerobic bacteria] for contamination of chicken carcasses, carcass drip and rinse water from the informal chicken market in Gauteng, South Africa.

Design/methodology/approach

Chicken swabs, chicken drips and rinse waters were collected from 151 chickens from 47 random outlets. Pre-tested questionnaires were administered to capture the risk factors for bacterial contamination. Standard microbiological procedures were conducted for isolation and enumeration of target bacteria.

Findings

NSAS (64% and 41%) and S. aureus (12% and 31%) were prevalent on carcasses and in carcass drip respectively. Coliforms (62%) and aerobic bacteria (85%) were detected in rinse water. Significant risk factors for contamination of carcasses with NSAS, S. aureus and coliform organisms were: evisceration of chickens on the same location used for sale, cleaning of display counter with dirty clothes/wipes, holding of differently sourced chickens in the same cage prior to slaughter, not cleaning the display table/counter and hands at all, washing knives in rinse water, high turnover of daily slaughter and length of time to display chickens.

Research limitations/implications

The limitations of this research were the limited geographical coverage and small sample size.

Practical implications

The isolation of these indicator microorganisms suggests the potential presence of other chicken-borne pathogens not tested for in the study.

Social implications

The findings serve to inform policy on public health and street-vended food and can guide control on good sanitary practices.

Originality/value

This is the first comprehensive report on ready to eat chickens from the informal markets in Gauteng, South Africa.

Details

British Food Journal, vol. 123 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0007-070X

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Article
Publication date: 19 August 2021

Julio César Acosta-Prado, Arnold Alejandro Tafur-Mendoza, Rodrigo Arturo Zárate-Torres and Geli Mercedes Pautt-Torres

Job satisfaction and leadership behavior are recognized by the organizational world as fundamental elements that influence the overall effectiveness of a company. However, as the…

614

Abstract

Purpose

Job satisfaction and leadership behavior are recognized by the organizational world as fundamental elements that influence the overall effectiveness of a company. However, as the first step for an adequate intervention on any of these variables, it is the evaluation. The purpose of this paper is to develop and validate two brief measures on job satisfaction and leadership behavior.

Design/methodology/approach

The sample was made up of 246 workers located in Bogota, Colombia. The study was an instrumental research. To collect validity evidence, the internal structure and the relationship with other variables were used. For the evaluation of equity, the differential item functioning was analyzed according to the sex of the participants. Reliability was estimated through the ordinal omega coefficient.

Findings

Both brief measures presented a unifactorial structure, where job satisfaction was measured by five items and leadership behavior by four items. On the other hand, only one item of leadership behavior showed differential item functioning; however, its magnitude was trivial. Also, convergent and discriminant evidence was provided for both measures, and the reliability levels were adequate.

Originality/value

The measures developed represents an effort to briefly measure job satisfaction and leadership behavior. Likewise, it constitutes two of the few instruments to measure job satisfaction and leadership behavior in Latin American, representing a good alternative for the measurement of the referred constructs in an organizational context.

Details

International Journal of Organizational Analysis, vol. 31 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1934-8835

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Article
Publication date: 16 December 2024

José Andrés Fernández-Cornejo, Cristina Castellanos-Serrano, Eva Del Pozo-García, Maite Palomo-Vadillo, Juan Ignacio Cáceres-Ruiz and Lorenzo Escot

In January 2021, Spanish paid parental leave for fathers was fully equated with that for mothers. Is this facilitating working fathers developing an identity of caring fathers?

23

Abstract

Purpose

In January 2021, Spanish paid parental leave for fathers was fully equated with that for mothers. Is this facilitating working fathers developing an identity of caring fathers?

Design/methodology/approach

We conducted qualitative research based on 31 interviews with heterosexual fathers residing in Spain, who had a child from January 1, 2021 onwards, who cohabited with the baby’s mother, and who were salaried. We also added two mothers with the same characteristics and seven human resources managers from large companies.

Findings

There has been a rapid acceptance and normalization of the use of these new equalized leaves. For many fathers this has been accompanied by the experience of a greater sense of “being legitimized” to engage in caregiving. The intensity of this process could be subject to two opposing forces. One in favor, especially when fathers care alone for as long as possible; and one against, when fathers assume the role of the mother’s helper and when the support of significant and relevant others is lacking in several domains, including the work place.

Social implications

Whether this ambivalence is resolved in favor of advancement could depend on how successful public policy is. Reforms of parental leave systems should encourage men to take on single-handed care, and companies should be encouraged to become more aware of the need for co-responsibility between fathers and mothers in childcare.

Originality/value

Spain now has one of the most gender-equal parental leave systems in the world. It is important to know what meaning new fathers are giving to this advance and to what extent this is facilitating the emergence of a caregiving masculinity.

Details

International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-333X

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Article
Publication date: 12 February 2018

Santanu Roy and Jay Mitra

The authors investigate the relationship between the structure and the functioning of scientific and technical (S&T) personnel and the quality research and development (R&D…

1093

Abstract

Purpose

The authors investigate the relationship between the structure and the functioning of scientific and technical (S&T) personnel and the quality research and development (R&D) performance output of laboratories functioning under the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), India. The purpose of this paper is to examine how rapid economic and social changes and the demand for better accountability are addressed by public R&D institutions in a specific developing economy.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors use the functions performed by the S&T personnel as indicators of their tacit knowledge. The authors use data from 27 different CSIR laboratories to analyze the specific functions carried out by knowledge workers (S&T personnel) in order to gauge the internal strengths and weaknesses of individual laboratories in different functional areas. The authors use the following measures to tap the quality R&D performance of these laboratories – number of Indian patents filed and granted, number of foreign patents filed and granted, and the number of published papers figuring among the top 50 CSIR publications in specific research areas over an extended period of 11 years (2003-2004 to 2013-2014).

Findings

The findings show that there is no readymade formula for identifying improvements in quality performance by a research laboratory, given a particular set of S&T worker profile in terms of the six functions defined in the study. The top-performing laboratories have excellent patent as well as publication record reinforcing the point that innovation encompasses both basic and applied research with success depending upon strategically emphasizing the different components of the innovation process.

Research limitations/implications

The scope of the present research work is limited by the choice of the quality R&D performance measures adopted in the study that could be further expanded to better tap the social accountability of these public-funded institutions. In addition, inclusion of all CSIR laboratories in the study framework would add value to the study findings. The research highlights the importance of tacit knowledge management and organizational learning as central features of strategic organization development for technology practices incorporating R&D work, the support of pilot plants, experimental field stations, and engineering and design units.

Practical implications

The paper has particular implications for the leadership and management of public R&D organizations and public policy formulation for innovation in an emerging developing economy context.

Originality/value

This study extends the extant literature by drawing upon the role of tacit knowledge and organizational learning to inform the empirical research on managing public R&D and the innovations that result from it, in a particular emerging economy context, that is, India.

Details

Journal of Organizational Change Management, vol. 31 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0953-4814

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