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Article
Publication date: 1 February 2000

Rafael Ball

The evolution of the information environment in research and development at the beginning of the next millennium is dominated by the change of medium from printed to digital…

530

Abstract

The evolution of the information environment in research and development at the beginning of the next millennium is dominated by the change of medium from printed to digital information and by the diversification of the information environment. This change of paradigm (the so‐called end user revolution) is accompanied by extended efforts for literature and information searches. The lack of transparency in the information environment, the bewildering variety of media and the enormously expanded methodological efforts for literature searches by scientists have to be balanced by information specialists in the libraries. In the next millennium, scientists will only search for information in one single electronic search user‐interface for all available sources and media at one time. Knowledge and information have always been the most important resource in science. However, the change in the methods of science has also been accompanied by a change in the method of scientific information retrieval. This article shows how a scientist’s efforts, tools and methods have changed in the past few decades for the verification and retrieval of literature and information required against the background of changing media. An outlook shows possible constellations in the next millennium.

Details

Library Management, vol. 21 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0143-5124

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Article
Publication date: 1 November 2004

Rafael Ball and Cornelia Plott

Postmodern society is characterized by information overload. In the scientific and academic sector alone there are more than 100,000 journals and 80,000 new books published each…

518

Abstract

Postmodern society is characterized by information overload. In the scientific and academic sector alone there are more than 100,000 journals and 80,000 new books published each year, also a vast number of electronic documents. There are about 170 million hosts on the WWW, with an estimated 500 million sites. The number of serious scientific documents published solely in an electronic form is increasing constantly. It is becoming more difficult to identify relevant information and documents, so there is a need for a unique and permanent identifier for electronic documents. Although it is possible to identify print products unambiguously according to a uniform world‐wide standard (ISBN, ISSN), this is not yet the case for electronic documents. At the moment, the internet address (URL) is frequently used to cite and retrieve the documents. However, URLs may change and the publications then frequently simply disappear. Clear and permanent identification systems are therefore necessary so that online publications can be cited, retrieved and used. Libraries in particular are very interested in a unique and permanent identifier for electronic documents. Two different systems, the uniform resource name (URN) and the digital object identifier (DOI), are presented as examples of ways in which electronic publications can be identified.

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New Library World, vol. 105 no. 11/12
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0307-4803

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Article
Publication date: 17 August 2018

Rafael Psiuk, Alisa Artizada, Daniel Cichon, Hartmut Brauer, Hannes Toepfer and Albert Heuberger

This paper aims to provide a flexible model for a system of inductively coupled loops in a quasi-static magnetic field. The outlined model is used for theoretical analyses on the…

66

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to provide a flexible model for a system of inductively coupled loops in a quasi-static magnetic field. The outlined model is used for theoretical analyses on the magnetic field-based football goal detection system called as GoalRef, where a primary loop generates a magnetic field around the goal. The passive loops are integrated in the football, and a goal is deduced from induced voltages in loop antennas mounted on the goal frame.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on the law of Biot–Savart, the magnetic vector potential of a primary current loop is calculated. The induced voltages in secondary loops are derived by Faraday’s Law. Expressions to calculate induced voltages in elliptically shaped loops and their magnetic field are also presented.

Findings

The induced voltages in secondary loops close to the primary loop are derived by either numerically integrating the primary magnetic flux density over the area of the secondary loop or by integrating the primary magnetic vector potential over the boundary of that loop. Both approaches are examined and compared with respect to accuracy and calculation time. It is shown that using the magnetic vector potential instead of the magnetic flux density can decrease the processing time by a factor of around 100.

Research limitations/implications

Environmental influences like conductive or permeable obstacles are not considered in the model.

Practical implications

The model can be used to investigate the theoretical behavior of inductively coupled systems.

Originality/value

The proposed model provides a flexible, fast and accurate tool for calculations of inductively coupled systems, where the loops can have arbitrary shape, position and orientation.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 37 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

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Article
Publication date: 2 August 2011

Rafael Currás‐Pérez, Carla Ruiz‐Mafé and Silvia Sanz‐Blas

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the role of interactivity with television (TV) personalities and audience members as mediating variables between teleshopping genre…

2544

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the role of interactivity with television (TV) personalities and audience members as mediating variables between teleshopping genre dependency and teleshopping behavior, and to identify the moderating effects of televiewers' instrumentalist behavior on teleshopping.

Design/methodology/approach

The Media Dependency Theory has been used as the conceptual framework of this study to explain teleshopping in terms of the relations of the individual with the teleshopping genre, TV personalities and audience members.

Findings

Data analysis performed using a sample of 432 Spanish teleshoppers shows that genre dependency has an indirect influence on teleshopping exposure, which in turn has a direct and positive effect on teleshopping behavior. The individual‐media relationships proposed are, in all cases, greater for high instrumentalist televiewers.

Practical implications

This research provides managers suggestions to increase teleshopping behavior. Managers responsible for TV content design should encourage specific viewing and purchase objectives so that they will attract an audience with instrumentalist motivations. They should also design attractive sales programs to retain the audience's attention and promote relationships with program hosts to increase relationships with TV personalities.

Originality/value

Previous research focused on individual media dependency has analyzed the antecedents and consequences of individual media‐genre dependency, but despite dramatic differences between instrumentalist and ritualist televiewers, very limited research has been conducted to examine them. This paper explains teleshopping in terms of the relations of the individual with the teleshopping genre, TV personalities and audience members, focusing on the moderating influence of televiewer's instrumentalist behavior.

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Article
Publication date: 23 August 2021

Iván La Fé-Perdomo, Jorge Andres Ramos-Grez, Gerardo Beruvides and Rafael Alberto Mujica

The purpose of this paper is to outline some key aspects such as material systems used, phenomenological and statistical process modeling, techniques applied to monitor the…

718

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to outline some key aspects such as material systems used, phenomenological and statistical process modeling, techniques applied to monitor the process and optimization approaches reported. All these need to be taken into account for the ongoing development of the SLM technique, particularly in health care applications. The outcomes from this review allow not only to summarize the main features of the process but also to collect a considerable amount of investigation effort so far achieved by the researcher community.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper reviews four significant areas of the selective laser melting (SLM) process of metallic systems within the scope of medical devices as follows: established and novel materials used, process modeling, process tracking and quality evaluation, and finally, the attempts for optimizing some process features such as surface roughness, porosity and mechanical properties. All the consulted literature has been highly detailed and discussed to understand the current and existing research gaps.

Findings

With this review, there is a prevailing need for further investigation on copper alloys, particularly when conformal cooling, antibacterial and antiviral properties are sought after. Moreover, artificial intelligence techniques for modeling and optimizing the SLM process parameters are still at a poor application level in this field. Furthermore, plenty of research work needs to be done to improve the existent online monitoring techniques.

Research limitations/implications

This review is limited only to the materials, models, monitoring methods, and optimization approaches reported on the SLM process for metallic systems, particularly those found in the health care arena.

Practical implications

SLM is a widely used metal additive manufacturing process due to the possibility of elaborating complex and customized tridimensional parts or components. It is corroborated that SLM produces minimal amounts of waste and enables optimal designs that allow considerable environmental advantages and promotes sustainability.

Social implications

The key perspectives about the applications of novel materials in the field of medicine are proposed.

Originality/value

The investigations about SLM contain an increasing amount of knowledge, motivated by the growing interest of the scientific community in this relatively young manufacturing process. This study can be seen as a compilation of relevant researches and findings in the field of the metal printing process.

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Article
Publication date: 22 February 2013

Paul W. Cleary, Raymond C.Z. Cohen, Simon M. Harrison, Matthew D. Sinnott, Mahesh Prakash and Stuart Mead

The purpose of this paper is to show how simulation of the flow of particulates and fluids using discrete element modelling (DEM) and smoothed particle dynamics (SPH) particle…

682

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to show how simulation of the flow of particulates and fluids using discrete element modelling (DEM) and smoothed particle dynamics (SPH) particle methods, offer opportunities for better understanding the dynamics of flow processes.

Design/methodology/approach

DEM and SPH methods are demonstrated in a broad range of computationally‐demanding applications including comminution, biomedical, geophysical extreme flow events (risk/disaster modelling), eating of food by humans and elite water‐based sports.

Findings

DEM is ideally suited to predicting industrial and geophysical applications where collisions between particles are the dominant physics. SPH is highly suited to multi‐physics fluid flow applications in industrial, biophysical and geophysical applications. The advantages and disadvantages of these particle methods are discussed.

Research limitations/implications

Research results are limited by the numerical resolution that can currently be afforded.

Practical implications

The paper demonstrates the use of particle‐based computational methods in a series of high value applications. Enterprises that share interests in these applications will benefit in their product and service development by adopting these methods.

Social implications

The ability to model disasters provides governments and companies with the opportunity and obligation to use these to render knowable disasters which were previously considered unknowable. The ability to predict the breakdown of food during eating opens up opportunities for the design of superior performing foods with lower salt, sugar and fat that can directly contribute to improved health outcomes and can influence government food regulatory policy.

Originality/value

The paper extends the scale and range of modelling of particle methods for demanding leading‐edge problems, of practical interest in engineering and applied sciences.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 30 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

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Article
Publication date: 23 August 2023

Rafael Couto da Silva, Gabriela Wessling Oening Dicati, José Eduardo Gubaua, Eduardo Radovanovic and Sílvia Luciana Favaro

Additive manufacturing (AM) has been one of the most highlighted processes of the last few years. AM prints complex parts and items from 3D files regarding different materials…

175

Abstract

Purpose

Additive manufacturing (AM) has been one of the most highlighted processes of the last few years. AM prints complex parts and items from 3D files regarding different materials, such as polymers. Moreover, there are different AM techniques available for polymers, such as selective laser sintering. In the SLS technology, polyamides 11 and 12 lead 88% of the market. These materials are high-cost and use an average of 50% of virgin material at each printing. It is possible to use lower rates of virgin material, but at least 30% is recommended. Low rates of virgin material decrease mechanical properties.

Design/methodology/approach

This study aims to evaluate the influence on the mechanical properties of the percentage of reused PA12 in parts manufactured by the SLS process. The specimens of PA12 were manufactured with a percentage of virgin/reused polymer of 50/50, 40/60, 30/70, 20/80 and 10/90. We considered three distinct printing directions to compare the mechanical properties of the specimens: horizontal, perpendicular and vertical.

Findings

The results showed that when the percentage of reused material increases, the tensile strength limit (TSL), flexural strength limit and Shore D hardness decrease. Another aspect visualized was the fragile behavior presented in the vertical specimens. In addition, DSC analysis indicated a 2% reduction of crystallinity. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed spherical voids and unfused particles of PA12 at the fracture of tensile test specimens. The material thermal history and unfused particles could decrease the material properties.

Originality/value

We observed that the mechanical properties, such as the TSL, flexural strength limit and hardness, decrease as the percentage of reused material increases. In addition, the process presented a printing-direction dependence, where the vertical direction presented as the more brittle between the ones used.

Details

Rapid Prototyping Journal, vol. 29 no. 10
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2546

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 2004

Ahmed Riahi‐Belkaoui

Output per worker varies significantly from one country to another. Why? Our analysis shows that differences in earnings opacity are important sources of this variation. Earnings…

172

Abstract

Output per worker varies significantly from one country to another. Why? Our analysis shows that differences in earnings opacity are important sources of this variation. Earnings opacity is a measure that reflects how little information there is in a firm's earnings number about its true, but unobservable, economic performance. According to our results, a high‐productivity country has the accounting quality associated with low earnings opacity. Results further suggest that the quality of accounting in general, and low earnings opacity in particular helps a country by stimulating the accumulation of human and physical capital and by raising its total factor productivity.

Details

Review of Accounting and Finance, vol. 3 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1475-7702

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Book part
Publication date: 16 April 2020

Devanathan Sudharshan

Abstract

Details

Marketing in Customer Technology Environments
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83909-601-3

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Article
Publication date: 13 May 2020

Linda D. Henman

The purpose of this study is to help these leaders position themselves for the new economy, to help them see what the author has seen. As the author’s clients emerged from the…

420

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to help these leaders position themselves for the new economy, to help them see what the author has seen. As the author’s clients emerged from the global economic turmoil that began in 2008, they indicated they had learned numerous lessons – the most important one: when leaders make good decisions, little else matters. When they refuse to make decisions, or show a pattern of making bad ones, nothing else matters. Helping these leaders position themselves for the new economy, the author could see what others did not.

Design/methodology/approach

Something was standing in their way – usually the unwillingness or inability to demand cohesion and teamwork. In many cases, they thought they needed more – more education, more experience, more time or more data. They did not realize they had enough of these, but they did lack the confidence, courage and optimism to make the changes that many would resist.

Findings

Through this work together, the most successful leaders realized they could no longer push growth. Instead, they had to remove barriers to success and usually these barriers were of their own making. They needed to understand how to leverage their strengths, remove their silo-building behaviors and replace them with silo-busting decisions.

Originality/value

These compelling stories and surprising research findings in this paper focus on real people, who actively sought professional improvement and personal development. Working together, the author and others mapped out their journeys, identified the key roadblocks they faced, recognized the wrong turns they had taken and unlocked their decision-making potential – all the while navigating an increasingly uncertain world and, in some cases, more than doubling the size of their companies.

Details

Strategic HR Review, vol. 19 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1475-4398

Keywords

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