Every student of mechanical engin‐eering has to do laboratory work. Very often, students record laboratory data, including results, on a loose sheet of paper which is destroyed…
Abstract
Every student of mechanical engin‐eering has to do laboratory work. Very often, students record laboratory data, including results, on a loose sheet of paper which is destroyed once a report is written. So long as it is sufficiently intelligible for a few days until the laboratory report is completed, information is often recorded as quickly as possible, however haphazard or untidily. Surely this, wherever it occurs, is bad training? Students should be taught that a permanent, concise account of laboratory work, recorded in a logical way in the laboratory, is as important as a formal report. The two should be complementary.
A SHORT DEFINITION of undergraduate project work might be ‘work of a special nature outside the normal curriculum of an undergraduate course’. This sort of definition covers all…
Abstract
A SHORT DEFINITION of undergraduate project work might be ‘work of a special nature outside the normal curriculum of an undergraduate course’. This sort of definition covers all tasks of a special nature at any stage or in any part of a course. It is perfectly legitimate to consider work so defined in the first year of a course, the final year, and so on as project work, but the trouble with a wide definition, is that it can be too wide, so that special work in Liberal Studies and other subjects might be thought to be included. The intention here is to consider only projects of an engineering nature.
FEW processes have made such an advance during the last two years as has the are welding of aluminium and its alloys. In the 1945 impression of the Second Edition of his…
Abstract
FEW processes have made such an advance during the last two years as has the are welding of aluminium and its alloys. In the 1945 impression of the Second Edition of his Engineering Materials, Machine Tools and Processes (Longmans), W. Steeds states, on page 148:
Eva Kaltenthaler, C.Jane Morrell, Andrew Booth and Ron L. Akehurst
Diabetic foot ulcers are associated with considerable morbidity, mortality and costs to the NHS. This paper describes a review of publications reporting randomised controlled…
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers are associated with considerable morbidity, mortality and costs to the NHS. This paper describes a review of publications reporting randomised controlled trials examining the clinical effectiveness of interventions for diabetic foot ulcers for 1986–1996. Only 23 studies were identified that described randomised controlled trials and, of these, only 4 fulfilled three criteria shown to influence reliability of results: adequate description of randomisation, double blinding and description of withdrawals and drop‐outs. No cost‐effectiveness studies conducted alongside trials were identified from the searches. This shortage of rigorous trials highlights the need for more well designed research in the prevention and treatment of diabetic foot ulcers to determine clinical effectiveness as well as relative cost‐effectiveness.
Julián Arellana, Juan de Dios Ortúzar and Luis Ignacio Rizzi
Purpose – Departure time choice not only depends on the desire to carry out activities at certain times and places; it is a complex decision making process influenced by travel…
Abstract
Purpose – Departure time choice not only depends on the desire to carry out activities at certain times and places; it is a complex decision making process influenced by travel conditions, congestion levels, activity schedules, and external trip factors. To estimate departure time choice models capturing the factors influencing it in appropriate form, a complex data collection procedure allowing to obtain detailed input data from different sources and at different time periods is required.
The main aim of this chapter is to describe and discuss the survey methodology we used in a time-of-day choice project, involving the collection of revealed preference (RP) and stated preference (SP) data to estimate hybrid discrete departure time choice models incorporating latent variables. Preliminary model results are also presented as an example.
Methodology/approach – Data was obtained from 405 workers at different private and public institutions located in the centre of Santiago, Chile. The survey process had three different stages and used various collection methods (e-mail, web-page, and personal interviews at the workplace) in order to satisfy efficiency, reliability and cost criteria.
The RP component survey design was based on the last origin-destination survey implemented in Santiago (i.e. a travel diary filled under an activity recall framework). Relevant level-of-service measures at different time periods were obtained from GPS data measured from instrumented vehicles in the public and private transport networks. A SP-off-RP optimal design considering dependence among attribute levels was also developed. Finally, several 1–7 Likert scale questions were included to incorporate the latent variables.
Findings – The survey methodology described in this chapter represents a successful experience in terms of collecting high quality data, from different sources, with the aim of estimating appropriate time-of-day choice models. The data collection process was carried out in different stages, by means of web pages, email, and personal interviews. The data was further enriched with level-of-service attributes measured at different times of the day with unusual precision. Preliminary results reported in this chapter show that data obtained through this methodology are appropriate to model time-of-day choices.
Originality/value of chapter – The novelty of the survey methodology described in this chapter is the collection of data of a different nature for time-of-day choice modelling through the integration of different collection techniques.
Acquisition of very precise information about preferred departure/arrival times, level of service at different times of the day, detailed information about flexibility in schedules, employment information and attitudes towards departure times, should allow practitioners to estimate hybrid time-of-day choice models incorporating latent variables.
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THE Fifty‐First Conference of the Library Association takes place in the most modern type of British town. Blackpool is a typical growth of the past fifty years or so, rising from…
Abstract
THE Fifty‐First Conference of the Library Association takes place in the most modern type of British town. Blackpool is a typical growth of the past fifty years or so, rising from the greater value placed upon the recreations of the people in recent decades. It has the name of the pleasure city of the north, a huge caravansary into which the large industrial cities empty themselves at the holiday seasons. But Blackpool is more than that; it is a town with a vibrating local life of its own; it has its intellectual side even if the casual visitor does not always see it as readily as he does the attractions of the front. A week can be spent profitably there even by the mere intellectualist.