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Article
Publication date: 13 January 2025

Anjan Nandi and Nirmalendu Biswas

This study aims to investigate the thermal performance enhancements of phase change materials (PCMs) through the integration of extended fins and CuO nanoparticles under the…

42

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the thermal performance enhancements of phase change materials (PCMs) through the integration of extended fins and CuO nanoparticles under the impact of solar irradiation. The research focuses on improving the melting behavior and thermal efficiency of PCM-based energy storage systems to facilitate the design of more efficient energy storage solutions.

Design/methodology/approach

The analysis is conducted on a top-heated rectangular thermal system filled with pure PCM and nanoparticle-enhanced PCM (NePCM) mixed with 0.01% Wt. CuO nanoparticles, with varying fin configurations considering PCM volume and surface area of fins constraint. The shape of the fin is modified from single to multiple numbers, maintaining the same surface area. The analysis is carried out both experimentally and numerically for the without fin case, and the study is extended numerically (utilizing the finite volume method) considering different sizes and positions of the fins. The study evaluates the impact of nanoparticle inclusion, fin geometry variations and the thermal performance of three different types of PCM (lauric acid, RT-35HC and P-58). Numerical results are validated against the in-house experimental results.

Findings

The study successfully validates the numerical simulations with experimental data, enhancing the credibility of the findings for real-world applications. The addition of 0.01% Wt. CuO nanoparticles to PCM resulted in a 16.36% enhancement in energy storage, as observed experimentally, whereas the numerical simulation showed an 8.55% increase. The inclusion of CuO nanoparticles accelerated the melting process across all fin configurations, with a notable enhancement parameter of 16.51% for the single fin arrangement. The introduction of a single fin structure increased the energy storage rate, but further additions of fins led to diminishing returns, with a maximum energy storage rate of 35.19 J/min achieved with CuO-enhanced PCM in the presence of single fin. The study also highlights RT-35HC as the most effective PCM, offering the highest energy storage and fastest melting speed, making it ideal for rapid thermal response applications.

Research limitations/implications

Future research could explore different types and concentrations of nanoparticles as well as a broader range of fin geometries and materials to further enhance the performance of PCM-based energy storage systems. Long-term experimental validation under real-world conditions would also enhance the applicability and reliability of the findings.

Originality/value

This study provides valuable insights into optimizing thermal energy storage systems by combining nanoparticle enhancement and fin geometry optimization. The results offer practical guidance for improving the efficiency and effectiveness of PCM-based energy storage units in various applications.

Details

International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0961-5539

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Article
Publication date: 8 February 2008

S.A. Kori, T.M. Chandrashekharaiah, V. Auradi and V.R. Kabadi

This paper aims to study the effect of Al‐Ti‐B grain refiners on the wear behaviour of hypoeutectic (Al‐0.2, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7Si alloys) Al‐Si alloys against steel counterface…

532

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to study the effect of Al‐Ti‐B grain refiners on the wear behaviour of hypoeutectic (Al‐0.2, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7Si alloys) Al‐Si alloys against steel counterface using a Pin‐On‐Disc machine under dry sliding conditions.

Design/methodology/approach

In the present study, Al‐5Ti‐1B and Al‐1Ti‐3B grain refiners were used for the refinement of α‐Al dendrites in hypoeutectic Al‐Si alloys. Various parameters such as alloy composition, normal pressure, sliding speed and sliding distance were studied on Al‐Si alloys. Worn surfaces were characterized by SEM/EDX microanalysis.

Findings

Wear resistance of hypoeutectic Al‐Si alloys increases with the addition of Al‐Ti‐B refiners when compared with the absence of grain refiner.

Research limitations/implications

The effects of normal pressure, sliding speed and sliding distance were studied by varying one parameter and keeping constant the other two parameters.

Originality/value

This paper provides information on improvement in wear properties of Al‐Si alloys by the addition of Al‐Ti‐B grain refiners. The effects of silicon and grain refiners containing Ti/B play a vital role and are responsible for the wear resistance of the alloys, which helps the industrialists in manufacturing Al‐Si alloy components.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 60 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

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Article
Publication date: 1 July 1998

N.B. Biswas

Discusses the ethics and law of Indian business tradition and economics. Highlights many current business practices that it finds highly unethical.

3122

Abstract

Discusses the ethics and law of Indian business tradition and economics. Highlights many current business practices that it finds highly unethical.

Details

International Journal of Social Economics, vol. 25 no. 6/7/8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0306-8293

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 1997

Clem Tisdell and Kartik Roy

Reports on a mission to north‐east India undertaken in September 1996 with a view to developing a joint research programme on sustainability of land use in that area. Describes…

1480

Abstract

Reports on a mission to north‐east India undertaken in September 1996 with a view to developing a joint research programme on sustainability of land use in that area. Describes the mission, the travel involved and the nature of the agreement which was reached with members of the North‐East Hill University, Mizoram Campus and with participants of Arunachal University. Identifies priority areas for future research as sustainable agriculture and use of forestry resources with the mission focus of attention being on Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh. States that the majority of the population in north‐eastern Indian states consists of tribal people, many of whom still engage in shifting agriculture and are still very dependent on forest resources for their livelihood. Explains that, owing to rising populations and the desire for higher incomes, traditional practices in agriculture and forest use in this part of India are no longer sustainable, noting that the incomes of local people and their way of life are therefore threatened and there is urgent need for research to find new alternatives.

Details

International Journal of Social Economics, vol. 24 no. 1/2/3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0306-8293

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Article
Publication date: 30 June 2022

Arun Bangotra and Sanjay Sharma

This study aims to investigate the impact of surface waviness on the static performance parameters of hydrodynamic journal bearings operating with lubricants containing copper…

93

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the impact of surface waviness on the static performance parameters of hydrodynamic journal bearings operating with lubricants containing copper oxide (CuO) and cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles.

Design/methodology/approach

The static performance parameters of bearings with surface waviness and the addition of nanoparticles in lubricants were calculated using the nondimensional form of Reynolds equation and finite element method. Static performance parameters are calculated at different waviness numbers in the circumferential, axial and both directions at various wave amplitudes with variable viscosities of lubricants with nanoparticles using the viscosity equation forming a relationship between the relative viscosity, temperature and weight fraction of nanoparticles in lubricant developed from the experimental results.

Findings

The computed results indicate that the impact of waviness on the bearing surface enhances the load capacity, reduces friction coefficient, and is more effective in the circumferential direction than in the axial direction or in both directions. The addition of CuO and CeO2 to the lubricant enhanced its viscosity which further improved the steady-state parameters of the wave bearing.

Research limitations/implications

This study is based on a numerical technique, which has significant limitations, and the simulated results must be tested experimentally.

Practical implications

The current findings will be beneficial for designers to improve the performance of hydrodynamic journal bearings.

Originality/value

The calculated results demonstrate that the combined effect of the surface waviness on bearings and the addition of nanoparticles to lubricants can greatly increase the performance of hydrodynamic journal bearings.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 74 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

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Article
Publication date: 7 September 2021

Sandeep Goyal, Sumedha Chauhan and Parul Gupta

This study aims to investigate the external and internal stimuli, which affect the organismic experiences of the users and thereby influence their response in terms of behavioral…

1693

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the external and internal stimuli, which affect the organismic experiences of the users and thereby influence their response in terms of behavioral intention toward the use of online doctor consultation platforms.

Design/methodology/approach

The study operationalized the stimulus–organism–response framework for the research model and surveyed 357 users in India who had experienced online doctor consultation platforms. The analysis has been done using the structural equation modeling approach.

Findings

The authors’ main results indicate the following key points. One, perceived usefulness, social influence, health anxiety, offline consultation habit and perceived technology usage risk are significant predictors of perceived value. In contrast, perceived ubiquity is identified to be an insignificant predictor of perceived value. Second, social influence and perceived technology usage risk have significant influence on trust. However, perceived usefulness is not a significant predictor of trust.

Research limitations/implications

This study contributes to the theory by integrating technology-oriented factors with behavioral attributes for determining the behavioral intention of users toward the online doctor consultation platforms.

Practical implications

The managerial contributions of this study involve highlighting those technology-oriented and behavioral elements, which can be targeted to attract more users toward these platforms.

Originality/value

This is an original study that has looked beyond the role of technology-oriented factors in influencing the perceived value and trust elements while investigating the behavioral intention among the users toward the online doctor consultation platforms.

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Article
Publication date: 20 April 2022

Shilpa Sindhu

The recent pandemic of COVID-19 has posed challenges for delivering essential and desirable health-care services for the masses. Digital health-care services initiated by several…

328

Abstract

Purpose

The recent pandemic of COVID-19 has posed challenges for delivering essential and desirable health-care services for the masses. Digital health-care services initiated by several hospitals and health practitioners promise efficient and safe health care in the new normal post-COVID era but need a supportive enabling ecosystem. Therefore, this study aims toward identifying and modeling the key enabling factors for digital health-care services.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of nine factors were identified from the literature review and verified by the domain experts which can enable the wider acceptance of digital health-care services. The identified factors were then modeled with the help of the total interpretive structural modeling (TISM) approach and fuzzy Matrices d’Impacts Croises Multiplication Appliquée à un Classement (MICMAC) and a meaningful contextual relationship were developed for the factors.

Findings

This study reflects that the trust of patients is required for the acceptance of digital health care. Quality of patient care and affordability cum accessibility of online services will define mass engagement. Hospital staff resilience, hospital care service capacity, strategic partnerships and collaborations supported by technology and regulatory structure are the major factors defining the enabling ecosystem.

Originality/value

This study has its uniqueness in the way the TISM approach and fuzzy MICMAC are used for modeling the enabling factors toward growth and acceptance of digital health-care services in the days to come in developing nations. The focus of this study can be considered as relevant for the study interested in investigating the role of cognitive dimensions in influencing actors’ behaviors and decisions.

Details

International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing, vol. 16 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1750-6123

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Article
Publication date: 1 December 2020

Kanwar Hamza Shuja, Muhammad Aqeel and Kainat Raza Khan

Attaining equality between women and men and eliminating all forms of discrimination are fundamental human rights and United Nations values. Nevertheless, women globally suffer…

319

Abstract

Purpose

Attaining equality between women and men and eliminating all forms of discrimination are fundamental human rights and United Nations values. Nevertheless, women globally suffer violations of their human rights throughout their lives. This necessitates investigation of the attitude that people hold towards women empowerment, which is defined as their ability to practice their rights, freedom and attain resources within a framework of gender inequality. The purpose of this study is to develop an instrument to measure attitudes regarding women’s empowerment, which can develop better understanding and future interventions to counter these negative attitudes for better social and health care, including mental and physical health.

Design/methodology/approach

The factorial structure, reliability, content validity and impact of gender on factor structure of scale were examined among university students (N = 500) in study with male (n = 180) and female (n = 320) population.

Findings

Exploratory factor analysis using direct oblimin method based on principal component analysis indicated a three-factor, 16-item scale including subscales of personal freedom; equal rights and women empowerment-related fears. Instrument exhibited decent reliability (0.80) and content validity in both male and female university students with a t = −7.64, p = 0.00, suggesting a highly significant difference between the two genders on the developed scale.

Research limitations/implications

The major limitation was that the sample was obtained from student population; therefore, it will not be entirely correct to generalize it to the whole population of Pakistan. Similarly, there are issues regarding the availability of students because of a busy schedule or not having interest to take part in the study that led to variance in the sample. Lastly, the current scale is developed based on exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and it should be further enhanced using item response theory in future. Future studies need to include samples from different populations in Pakistan to bring out a more generalized view and try to minimize the variances in sample as much as possible for better results.

Practical implications

The scale is constructed using the basic features of women empowerment at its core and is applicable in various settings to measure the attitude towards women empowerment. It will be a helpful tool to be used in various health, employment and educational settings. Moreover, this instrument can be applied for research purpose of measuring attitude as a predictor in combination with other variables such as domestic violence and harassment.

Social implications

Empowering of women is one of the main agendas of 2019 of United Nations for Asian countries where women are not given equal rights, because of which suffer socially and economically from various problems along with issues regarding physical and mental health. By identifying the attitudes of general population, their causes for their attitudes can help in betterment of the women empowerment process.

Originality/value

This paper in discussion is an original work and has been performed with the purpose of assessing attitudes of males and females regarding women empowerment as the previous measures are either not psychometric valid or are in interview or survey form. The current developed scale is an attempt to develop an instrument that can be globally used.

Details

International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare, vol. 13 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2056-4902

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Article
Publication date: 8 October 2018

Vijay Singh Shekhawat and Vinish Kathuria

The purpose of this paper is to enhance our understanding of effects of International Clearing Unions on the exchange market pressure (EMP). Using Asian Clearing Union (ACU) as an…

256

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to enhance our understanding of effects of International Clearing Unions on the exchange market pressure (EMP). Using Asian Clearing Union (ACU) as an example of a typical International Clearing Union, the authors infers that ACU has not been very successful in synchronizing the EMP in the region. Other countries that are not members of such clearing union but are interested in monetary cooperation with other countries should consider the behavior of their EMP indices before attempting any form of integration. The study also provides a generic methodology for using EMP as an indicator for predicting the feasibility of monetary cooperation across countries.

Design/methodology/approach

An EMP model using the median absolute deviation is derived to reflect the policy preferences of each country. The weights for change in foreign reserves and interest rate differential are derived using analytical models. The index is then applied to ACU as a case study using monthly data from 2006 to 2015 for Bhutan, Bangladesh, Nepal, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Iran. The descriptive statistics are studied to find the possibility of short-run relationship between the exchange rates, foreign exchange reserves and interest rate differential. The longitudinal data set generated is checked for cointegration to evaluate the EMPs of the countries.

Findings

The study finds that the EMP of ACU members’ shows similarity only in short-term movement but have no cointegration of EMP indices indicating the absence of long-term relationship. The absence of long-term cointegration of EMP for ACU members also indicates that ICU membership may not necessarily lead to similarity in exchange rate policies that facilitate the formation of a currency union. Creation of an ICU is not a sufficient condition for the formation of a currency union. The study also finds that the sample countries have faced persistent depreciation pressures in the period. The preferred tool for the management of EMP is direct intervention by sale and purchase of foreign currency. Interest rate changes are found to have the most significant effect on EMP.

Research limitations/implications

The EMP model limits itself only to the study of exchange rates, foreign reserves and interest rates. Exchange rate variation and policy responses there to are known to be driven by other factors such as speculation, political factors, autonomous capital flows and micro-level dynamics of exchange markets like order flows among others. The EMP model is a simplification of the market dynamics and does not look for associations on the account of these factors. The model is evaluated for only one ICU where member countries regulate exchange rates. The study of ICUs that comprises free float currencies and pegged currencies may yield different results.

Practical implications

Results indicate that the member of any ICU such as ACU cannot assume that its participation will serve as a foundation for creating higher forms of economic unions such as currency unions. In the absence of any long-term relationship between the EMP of countries, any attempt by these countries may cause the exchange rates to deviate further. This leads to the conclusion that the members of ACU should avoid any attempts to form currency unions or use a common currency for its settlement.

Social implications

Various countries that are considering the formation of currency union or the use of a common currency peg may like to examine its feasibility using EMP as a tool. Using EMP, they may be able to derive short-term and long-term strategies for pursuing their objectives.

Originality/value

There are few other studies that use EMP as an index for measuring the feasibility of formation of a currency union among countries that are the member of an ICU. While earlier studies apply EMP to a group of countries, none attempt to modify the index to reflect the EMP that is likely to affect central bank policy action. Few studies have attempted to use EMP to study the feasibility of formation of a currency union in South Asia based on exchange rate markets itself.

Details

Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 45 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-3585

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Article
Publication date: 17 December 2024

Lioua Kolsi, A.M. Rashad, Nirmalendu Biswas, M.A. Mansour, Taha Salah, Aboulbaba Eladeb and Taher Armaghani

This paper aims to explore, through a numerical study, buoyant convective phenomena in a porous cavity containing a hybrid nanofluid, taking into account the local thermal…

38

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to explore, through a numerical study, buoyant convective phenomena in a porous cavity containing a hybrid nanofluid, taking into account the local thermal nonequilibrium (LTNE) approach. The cavity contains a solid block in the shape of a cross (+). It will be helpful to develop and optimize the thermal systems with intricate geometries under LTNE conditions for a variety of applications.

Design/methodology/approach

To attain the objective, the system governing partial differential equations (PDEs), expressed as functions of the current function and temperature, and are solved numerically by the finite difference approach. The authors carefully examine the heat transfer rates and dynamics of the micropolar hybrid nanofluid by presenting fluid flow contours, isotherms of the liquid and solid phases, as well as contours of streamlines, isotherms and concentration of the fluid. Key parameters analyzed include heated length (B = 0.1–0.5), porosity (ε = 0.1–0.9), heat absorption/generation (Q = 0–8), length wave (λ = 1–3) and the interphase heat transfer coefficient (H* = 0.05–10). The equations specific to the flow of a micropolar fluid are converted into classical Navier–Stokes equations by increasing the porosity and pore size.

Findings

The results showed that the shape, strength and position of the fluid circulation are dictated by the size of the inner obstacle (B) as well as the effective length of the heating wall. The lower value of obstruction size, as well as heating wall length, leads to a higher rate of heat transfer. Heat transfer is much higher for the higher amount of heat absorption instead of heat generation (Q). The higher porosity values lead to lesser fluid resistance, which leads to a superior heat transfer from the hot source to the cold walls. The surface waviness of 4 leads to superior heat transfer related to any other waviness.

Research limitations/implications

This work can be further investigated by looking at thermal performance in the existence of various-shaped obstructions, curvature effects, orientations, boundary conditions and other variables. Numerical simulations or experimental studies in different multiphysical contexts can be used to achieve this.

Practical implications

Many technical fields, including heat exchanging unit, crystallization processes, microelectronic units, energy storage processes, mixing devices, food processing, air conditioning systems and many more, can benefit from the geometric configurations investigated in this study.

Originality/value

This work numerically explores the behavior of micropolar nanofluids (a mixture of copper, aluminum oxide and water) within a porous inclined enclosure with corrugated walls, containing a solid insert in the shape of a cross in the center, under the oriented magnetic field, by applying the nonlocal thermal equilibrium model. It analyzes in detail the heat transfer rates and dynamics of the micropolar nanoliquid by presenting the flow patterns, the temperature of liquid and solid phases, as well as the variations in the flow, thermal and concentration fields of the fluid.

Details

International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0961-5539

Keywords

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