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Article
Publication date: 13 November 2017

Michael J. Gross, Songshan (Sam) Huang and Yi Ding

The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of mainland Chinese hotel firm internationalisation relative to traditional Western internationalisation theory…

2381

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of mainland Chinese hotel firm internationalisation relative to traditional Western internationalisation theory through an analysis of the Shanghai Jin Jiang International Hotels Group’s joint venture with the Thayer Lodging Group to acquire Interstate Hotels & Resorts.

Design/methodology/approach

The case study method was used to examine the three firms involved in the joint venture acquisition. The technique of elite interviews was used to collect primary data. Semi-structured personal interviews were conducted with senior corporate executives who were engaged as principals with the conception, execution and administration of the joint venture. Content analysis was performed with the interview data, seeking themes and patterns consistent with the study purpose.

Findings

The findings demonstrated specific characteristics that distinguish the internationalisation that Jin Jiang has pursued. The five distinctive characteristics were as follows: a “leap” market entry mode, a pattern of “a small fish eats a big fish”, a preference for purchasing hotels in the West, capital sourcing from Chinese banks and strategic rather than operational control of the acquired firm.

Research limitations/implications

The findings indicate both similarities and differences between the China context of hotel firm internationalisation and that of Western firms. Theoretical implications are examined through an analysis of Dunning’s OLI (ownership, location, internalisation) framework. Generalisability of empirical findings may be limited by the China context and the unique combination of three firms.

Practical implications

The findings advance our understanding of the relationship between Chinese and Western practices, particularly in the approaches that firms take in internationalisation.

Originality/value

The story reported in this paper is about the first firm internationalisation endeavour in the mainland Chinese hotel industry. This is a landmark event for the international hospitality industry that will have historical significance, and represents the leading edge of mainland Chinese hotel firm cross-border expansion. This study contributes an early analysis of how the Chinese hotel sector may approach internationalisation.

Details

International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, vol. 29 no. 11
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0959-6119

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 2000

Michael A. Gross and Laura K. Guerrero

The competence model of conflict communication suggests that individuals who use various conflict styles will be perceived differently in terms of appropriateness and…

4911

Abstract

The competence model of conflict communication suggests that individuals who use various conflict styles will be perceived differently in terms of appropriateness and effectiveness. A simulated organizational decision‐making task involving 100 randomly‐paired dyads consisting of business students suggested that an integrative conflict style is generally perceived as the most appropriate (in terms of being both a polite, prosocial strategy and an adaptive, situationally appropriate strategy) and most effective style. The dominating style tended to be perceived as inappropriate when used by others, but some participants judged themselves as more effective when they used dominating tactics along with integrating tactics. The obliging style was generally perceived as neutral, although some participants perceived themselves to be less effective and relationally appropriate when they employed obliging tactics. The avoiding style was generally perceived as ineffective and inappropriate. Finally, compromising was perceived as a relatively neutral style, although some participants judged their partners to be more effective and relationally appropriate if they compromised. Overall, these results and others provide general support for the competence model's predictions, while also suggesting some modifications and directions for future research.

Details

International Journal of Conflict Management, vol. 11 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1044-4068

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Article
Publication date: 28 March 2008

Michael J. Gross, Chris Brien and Graham Brown

To develop and test a measurement model for the combined study of involvement and place attachment in a tourism context.

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Abstract

Purpose

To develop and test a measurement model for the combined study of involvement and place attachment in a tourism context.

Design/methodology/approach

The study was conducted in South Australia, a state that has positioned itself as a lifestyle tourism destination. Tourism involvement was conceptualised as a multidimensional construct consisting of centrality to lifestyle, attraction, self‐expression, and food and wine. Place attachment was also conceptualised as a multidimensional construct consisting of place identity and place dependence. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to develop and test a measurement model using survey data from tourists in South Australia.

Findings

A six factor measurement model was developed and found to have a reasonable fit with the data.

Research limitations/implications

The present study findings suggest that a viable theoretical, practical, and methodological basis can be established to measure the relationships among the involvement and place attachment constructs in a tourism context. This establishes a sound foundation for further examination of the predictive nature of the relationships between the constructs.

Practical implications

A better understanding of involvement dimensions and the extent to which tourism experiences are rooted in place may be of invaluable assistance in the marketing of tourism destinations.

Originality/value

Involvement and place attachment have received considerable study as individual constructs in tourism contexts, however their study in combination has been undertaken only recently, and almost exclusively in leisure and recreation contexts. This study extended the scope of the combined examination of involvement and place attachment into a tourism context.

Details

International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, vol. 2 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1750-6182

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Article
Publication date: 8 March 2011

Michael J. Gross and Songshan (Sam) Huang

The purpose of this paper is to develop an understanding of the internationalisation prospects of Chinese domestic hotel firms.

4266

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to develop an understanding of the internationalisation prospects of Chinese domestic hotel firms.

Design/methodology/approach

This study examined the Jin Jiang Hotel Group, China's largest domestic hotel firm. The qualitative method of semi‐structured personal interviews was selected in the design of this exploratory study to address the research question: What are the factors guiding Jin Jiang's considerations for internationalisation? Personal interviews were conducted with the senior corporate headquarters' management in Shanghai.

Findings

The findings indicate that the firm is in a stage of pre‐internationalisation in its organisational development, and has adopted a cautious and passive approach on its path towards internationalisation. This paper identifies company abilities, government support, marketing and brand strategy, network and management standards, state‐owned enterprise (SOE) related problems, human resources and other external opportunities/challenges as factors that may affect the firm's internationalisation.

Practical implications

This paper develops a better understanding of the evolution of Chinese SOEs' internal capabilities as internationally competitive providers of hospitality management services. It also explores the nature of relevant relationships that will determine the activities, pace, and progress along such firms' internationalisation paths. The paper specifically provides understanding of a firm's prospects of internationalisation, internationalisation activities that the firm has already undertaken, factors that support or inhibit internationalisation, and future intentions and plans for internationalisation.

Originality/value

This paper analyses factors underlying a Chinese SOE domestic hotel firm's approach to internationalisation. While most internationalisation studies are conducted after the firm has already internationalised, this study examines the pre‐internationalisation stage.

Details

International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, vol. 23 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0959-6119

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Article
Publication date: 1 September 1996

Robert Jones and Michael Gross

Examines the nature of managerial decision making during the process of a programme of workplace reform at a major local government authority in New South Wales, Australia. Draws…

1618

Abstract

Examines the nature of managerial decision making during the process of a programme of workplace reform at a major local government authority in New South Wales, Australia. Draws parallells between the synoptic and disjointed incrementalist approach to decision making during organizational change. In particular shows that the synoptic approach is not applicable in this case, and instead stresses the prevalence of incremental, reconstructive, serial and remedial decision making, characteristic of the disjointed incrementalist model. Presents and analyses the reasons for this. In so doing also draws attention to the importance of four factors which are interwoven with the non‐synoptic approach throughout the case, namely: continuity of purpose, probing for openings, seizing opportunities and waiting (and pouncing).

Details

Management Decision, vol. 34 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0025-1747

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Article
Publication date: 13 February 2009

Raymond Hogler, Michael A. Gross and Zinta S. Byrne

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the importance of dispute systems for academic employees and to propose a procedure of voluntary binding arbitration, which would improve…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the importance of dispute systems for academic employees and to propose a procedure of voluntary binding arbitration, which would improve governance, promote organizational justice, and reduce litigation.

Design/methodology/approach

It is argued that the rationale for arbitration in the educational sphere is even more compelling than in the nonunion industrial workplace because higher education is premised on the concept of shared governance between faculty and administrators. Colleges and universities confront an environment of declining resources, escalating costs, and a consumerist view of education where relations between members of the educational community increasingly resemble market transactions rather than cooperative endeavors.

Findings

Given those trends, faculty would benefit from a system of conflict resolution that serves to safeguard professional standards, ensure organizational justice, and provide an effective workplace voice.

Research limitations/implications

As a research agenda, future studies could examine these assumptions by empirically testing and evaluating the contribution and benefit of arbitration in higher education.

Practical implications

Binding arbitration offers a viable means of protecting the interests of faculty and institutions.

Originality/value

This paper offers a case for implementing organizational justice principles in higher education and will be of interest to those in that field.

Details

International Journal of Conflict Management, vol. 20 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1044-4068

Keywords

Available. Content available
Article
Publication date: 6 July 2010

Michael A. Gross

2829

Abstract

Details

International Journal of Conflict Management, vol. 21 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1044-4068

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Article
Publication date: 8 February 2013

Michael A. Gross, Raymond Hogler and Christine A. Henle

In this viewpoint, the authors argue that the predominant method of analyzing conflict management focuses too heavily on the managerial interests in administrative efficiency and…

5649

Abstract

Purpose

In this viewpoint, the authors argue that the predominant method of analyzing conflict management focuses too heavily on the managerial interests in administrative efficiency and productivity rather than on the needs of individuals and organizations. The aim of this paper is to employ Weber's analysis of conflict systems, specifically the distinction between formal and substantive rationality, to support the authors’ view.

Design/methodology/approach

This is a viewpoint, where content is dependent on the author's opinion and interpretation.

Findings

Conflict management based on Weber's theories of formal and substantive rationality will benefit organizations and society by promoting a more positive perception of corporate behavior.

Research limitations/implications

Future research could examine the relationship between organizational justice and the more global concepts of formality and rationality. Similarly, future research on justice may be expanded by through the notion and perception of legitimacy by members of the organization. How employees accept a system as fair and just has potential import for future justice research.

Practical implications

The combination of formal and substantive rationality offers a practical, and meaningful, way of dealing with conflict from a personal orientation as well as an organizational one. It orients conflict resolution toward people rather than productivity concerns. It further safeguards organizational interests by minimizing litigation, negative publicity, and other adverse effects of conflict.

Originality/value

Weber theorized that formal rationality requires organizations to develop clear, objective, and universal procedures in order to carry out administrative routines. Substantive rationality, in contrast, acknowledges that specific cases may demand particularized decision‐making focusing on individual cases. The paper draws on the procedural justice literature to show how these procedures can be implemented in a fair manner.

Details

International Journal of Conflict Management, vol. 24 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1044-4068

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 1 April 2004

Mark J. Ahn and Daniel Dornbusch

Flawless product launches are critical success factors for biopharmaceutical companies due to increasing financial and technological risks. Industry benchmarking is widely used…

2748

Abstract

Flawless product launches are critical success factors for biopharmaceutical companies due to increasing financial and technological risks. Industry benchmarking is widely used for managing biopharmaceutical product launch planning. However, while industry benchmarking may achieve operational efficiencies, it results in copying competitors and incremental productivity improvements rather than breakthrough in marketing innovation. This study extends the biopharmaceutical marketing framework from internally focused industry benchmarking to external competency‐based benchmarking (CBB) to build innovative practices by focusing on outstanding capabilities in far reaching industries and organizations. Adopting a CBB approach can lead to creating significant sources of organizational energy and creativity in biopharmaceutical marketing campaigns.

Details

Benchmarking: An International Journal, vol. 11 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1463-5771

Keywords

Available. Content available

Abstract

Details

The Electronic Library, vol. 20 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-0473

Keywords

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