Why have U.S. managers failed to incorporate technology into their strategic planning? A major reason is that too many of them are looking at technology through the wrong end of…
Abstract
Why have U.S. managers failed to incorporate technology into their strategic planning? A major reason is that too many of them are looking at technology through the wrong end of the telescope. By equating technology with research and development, most companies have become preoccupied with such issues as how to manage the R&D function or how to assess the payoff from new product programs. This myopic view has prevented top management from recognizing the integral role that technology plays in their business.
America’s patent rate (per 100,000 population) rose steeply to 34 from 1820‐1885, hovered between 28‐36 for the next 40 years then started its plunge to the present 18. This…
Abstract
America’s patent rate (per 100,000 population) rose steeply to 34 from 1820‐1885, hovered between 28‐36 for the next 40 years then started its plunge to the present 18. This article examines the numerous possible causes often found in the literature ‐ expenditures on R&D, poor patent protection, high fees and pendency delays, decline in education in sciences and engineering, etc. While there is some evidence to support each of these, none is as important as the decline in our immigrants from Europe. Projections of possible improvements in our creativity and innovation in sciences and technology are bound in the characteristics of our present and future immigrant streams, and these are not expected to replace the role played by our previous immigrant streams.
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Michael Sony, Jiju Antony and Olivia McDermott
The pandemic has reinforced the need for revamping the healthcare service delivery systems around the world to meet the increased challenges of modern-day illnesses. The use of…
Abstract
Purpose
The pandemic has reinforced the need for revamping the healthcare service delivery systems around the world to meet the increased challenges of modern-day illnesses. The use of medical cyber–physical system (MCPS) in the healthcare is one of the means of transforming the landscape of the traditional healthcare service delivery system. The purpose of this study is to critically examine the impact of MCPS on the quality of healthcare service delivery.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses an evidence-based approach, the authors have conducted a systematic literature review to study the impact of MCPS on healthcare service delivery. Fifty-four articles were thematically examined to study the impact of MCPS on eight characteristics of the healthcare service delivery proposed by the world health organisation.
Findings
The study proposes support that MCPS will positively impact (1) comprehensiveness, (2) accessibility, (3) coverage, (4) continuity, (5) quality, (6) person-centredness, (7) coordination, (8) accountability and (9) efficiency dimension of the healthcare service delivery. The study further draws nine propositions to support the impact of MCPS on the healthcare service delivery.
Practical implications
This study can be used by stakeholders as a guide point while using MCPS in healthcare service delivery systems. Besides, healthcare managers can use this study to understand the performance of their healthcare system. This study can further be used for designing effective strategies for deploying MCPS to be effective and efficient in each of the dimensions of healthcare service delivery.
Originality/value
The previous studies have focussed on technology aspects of MCPS and none of them critically analysed the impact on healthcare service delivery. This is the first literature review carried out to understand the impact of MCPS on the nine dimensions of healthcare service delivery proposed by WHO. This study provides improved thematic awareness of the resulting body of knowledge, allowing the field of MCPS and healthcare service delivery to progress in a more informed and multidisciplinary manner.
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THE importance of the book as an educational agency has so long been recognized, that it will be unnecessary for me to dwell upon that side of the question. Yet it is impossible…
Abstract
THE importance of the book as an educational agency has so long been recognized, that it will be unnecessary for me to dwell upon that side of the question. Yet it is impossible to ignore it altogether, for it is in the educational power of the book that we find the main reason for the existence of the school library. The elementary schools carry education up to a certain point, and the technical schools and universities take it up and carry it still further, but it is the library—or at any rate the book—which co‐ordinates the whole ; many people, indeed, have no education beyond the elementary school, except what they obtain from books. From this, the part played by the school library becomes obvious. Not only is it a powerful educator in itself, but it prepares the individual for the use of the Public Library and of books in general in the period following school life. Also, I need hardly point out that, although the use of the text‐book is dis pensed with as far as possible, the whole modern system of teaching is founded on the use of books.
Anna Marie Johnson and Sarah Jent
Sets out to provide a selected bibliography or recent resources on library instruction and information literacy.
Abstract
Purpose
Sets out to provide a selected bibliography or recent resources on library instruction and information literacy.
Design/methodology/approach
Introduces and annotates periodical articles, monographs, and exhibition catalogues examining library instruction and information literacy.
Findings
Provides information about each source, discusses the characteristics of current scholarship, and describes sources that contain unique scholarly contributions and quality reproductions.
Originality/value
The information may be used by librarians and interested parties as a quick reference to literature on library instruction and information literacy.
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Marisa Donnoli and Eleanor H. Wertheim
The purpose of this paper is to examine whether victim and offender conflict management styles (yielding and forcing) predict forgiveness following an interpersonal transgression…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine whether victim and offender conflict management styles (yielding and forcing) predict forgiveness following an interpersonal transgression and apology. Perceived offender remorse, expectation of reoffending, and transgression severity along with trait empathy were also examined as potential mediators of conflict style effects and as direct predictors of forgiveness.
Design/methodology/approach
In total, 112 Australian adults completed a questionnaire including a written scenario describing a hypothetical transgression perpetrated either by a forcing‐ or yielding‐prone offender.
Findings
Offender conflict style was significantly related to forgiveness, with the yielding‐offender compared to forcing‐offender scenario resulting in higher forgiveness, an effect fully mediated by perceived offender remorse. Additionally, perceived offender remorse, transgression severity and likelihood of reoffending, and participant empathic concern added to predictions of forgiveness.
Research limitations/implications
This paper highlights how an offender's conflict style may lead to perceptions by an injured party that the offender is less remorseful following a specific offence and apology. Individuals with a history of dominating, competitiveness and self serving may need to modify their conflict resolution methods, or explicitly demonstrate sincere remorse, in order to elicit forgiveness from an injured party following interpersonal transgressions.
Originality/value
This study is the first, to the authors' knowledge, to examine how an offender's tendency to yield or force during conflict affects an injured party's decision to forgive following a transgression and apology and to provide an explanation of this relationship. Findings are potentially useful to clinicians, mediators, negotiators and managers in facilitating better interpersonal or workplace relationships.
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The Fourth Industrial Revolution has revealed some emerging concepts and technologies. In the framework of Industry 4.0, the Internet of things (IoT) is one of the key concepts as…
Abstract
The Fourth Industrial Revolution has revealed some emerging concepts and technologies. In the framework of Industry 4.0, the Internet of things (IoT) is one of the key concepts as well as an evolving paradigm that creates opportunities of integration between the things and the physical world which has an unprecedented influence in our lives, particularly in the lives of those with disabilities. It is a groundbreaking way of providing independent living opportunities to individuals with disabilities, such as academic and learning aids (e.g. computer-based software, portable word processors), communication aids (e.g. captioning devices, smart glasses, augmentative communication devices), mobility aids (e.g. smart canes, smart wheelchairs), and smart systems (e.g. smart home, smart city, smart workplace), which increase the amount of their participation in the society, thus, empowering individuals with disabilities. This chapter aims to present the IoT technologies for individuals with disabilities and consists of five sections. The first section presents background information about the IoT and how it relates to individuals with disabilities. The second section introduces key technologies and applications that drive the IoT concept of Industry 4.0 in terms of the subject of disability in five domains which are mobility, smart environments, monitoring, communication, and education. The third section illustrates the importance of the IoT technologies and its relevance to the universal approach. The fourth section presents the implications of global business and implications of COVID-19 for IoT technologies. Finally, the chapter concludes with suggestions.
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Angelique M. Davis and Rose Ernst
Direct democracy by citizen initiatives is often heralded as the avenue for the true will of the people to be heard. While scholars have debated whether this leads to a form of…
Abstract
Direct democracy by citizen initiatives is often heralded as the avenue for the true will of the people to be heard. While scholars have debated whether this leads to a form of Madison's “tyranny of the majority,” the debate over the concrete impact of such initiatives on racially marginalized groups remains unsettled. We examine a different question about racially marginalized groups' interests in this process: the symbolic assertion of white supremacy expressed through this mechanism of majority will. We develop the concept of “racial spectacles” to describe the narrative vehicles that serve to symbolically reassert and reinforce real existing racial hierarchies and inequalities. We explore the creation of these spectacles through the initiative process because it is a state-sanctioned vehicle that enables white dominance. Paradoxically, these campaigns that purport to be colorblind depend on the enactment of these racial spectacles. Through an analysis of five statewide anti-affirmative action initiative campaigns from 1996 to 2008, we explore both macro and micro political dynamics: public displays of these campaigns as well as individual, private agency expressed in the public and private act of voting; court decisions in initiative litigation as well as individual and interest group participation in these cases. Ultimately, we argue that this form of racial spectacle further inculcates the public in the postracial ideology of colorblindness.
During the 1920s and into the 1930s, German‐language work on consumer behavior led the world; for example, segmentation was clearly discussed from the late 1920s. The purpose of…
Abstract
Purpose
During the 1920s and into the 1930s, German‐language work on consumer behavior led the world; for example, segmentation was clearly discussed from the late 1920s. The purpose of this paper is to show how marketing thought in Germany and Austria reached a peak even as the environmental substructure that sustained it was being seriously eroded by political and economic changes that forever consigned it to a peripheral position upon the world stage.
Design/methodology/approach
The design of the study is a critical historical one relying heavily upon documents produced during the period discussed. Statements are weighed and evaluated.
Findings
The paper finds that very impressive, at times world‐leading, work was being done in the 1920s and early 1930s, particularly in the areas of segmentation and what would later become known as consumer behavior. Much of what later became known as Motivation Research, or example, was pioneered in Germany and Austria before 1934.
Research limitations/ implications
The primary implication is that a great deal of marketing thought developed outside the USA, sometimes drawing upon US marketing thought, in other cases developing completely independently. A second implication is that marketing thought can be weakened by political and economic conditions, as Germany and Austria painfully experienced.
Originality/value
This is the first study to explore historical German and Austrian marketing thought in a cross‐cultural manner, comparing and contrasting them with thought developed elsewhere.