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This study aims to assess the knowledge of Amhara Sayint district community in Northeastern Ethiopia towards the health impacts of climate change.

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 20 July to 5 September 2022, involving 605 randomly selected households in Amhara Sayint district, Northeastern Ethiopia. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a pilot-tested and content-validated questionnaire administered via Kobo Collect survey tool. The data were then exported to STATA for management and analysis. A proportional odds approach of ordinal logistic regression model was fitted with a 95% confidence level to identify factors associated with the community’s knowledge towards the health impacts of climate change.

Of the total respondents, 3.47% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.1, 5.3) and 42.98% (95% CI: 38.9, 47) had inadequate and medium levels of knowledge towards the health impacts of climate change, respectively. Proportional odds model analysis result indicated that gender (female) (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.49; 95% CI: 1.053, 2.13), wealth status (poorest) (AOR = 1.97; 95% CI: 1.01, 3.83), educational status (unable to read and write) (AOR = 4.13; 95% CI: 1.25, 13.68) and participation status in environmental protection activities (not) (AOR = 1.78; 95% CI: 1.17, 2.71) were factors that significantly associated with inadequate and medium levels of knowledge towards the health impacts of climate change.

The result of this research is not supported by qualitative methods.

Residents of the study area know the climate is changing; however, they lack adequate knowledge towards the health impacts of climate change.

Significant number of people have inadequate level of knowledge about health impacts of climate change so relevant health education is needed.

This research is original in its focus on assessing public knowledge about the health impacts of climate change in the Amhara Sayint district, northeastern Ethiopia, a perspective often overlooked in existing studies. Its findings are crucial for guiding future research and developing targeted public health strategies and educational initiatives.

The purpose of this study is to examine effects of classroom-level and student-level factors on student engagement in the context of a higher education system vertically differentiated into research, applied and comprehensive university types.

The study used a cross-sectional multilevel design to explain student engagement based on class and student variables. Specifically, the study collects data from 656 students and 61 randomly selected teachers at both levels and uses multilevel modeling to explain relationship patterns.

The results show that institutions vary significantly in student engagement scores. In addition, while a significant variation is found at the student and classroom level, the effects of academic achievement, instructional quality, teaching experience and teacher qualifications on student engagement vary across classrooms in institutions. However, the interaction effect of classroom and student-level variables on student engagement remains non-significant.

The main contribution of this lies in the explanation of student engagement using classroom and student level factors in a vertically differentiated higher education system using multilevel modeling. Student engagement varied in classrooms research universities applied and comprehensive universities.

The increasing rate of environmental concern and awareness by society has attracted attention from researchers and organisations to consider how to proceed towards green supply chains. The purpose of this paper is to identify operational bottlenecks in the multi-tier supply chain to guide organisations towards where to concentrate their efforts to address their supply chain environmental challenges.

This paper presents a literature review identifying green supply chain challenges of multi-tier supply chains. Following the literature review is a case study of the Ethiopian health supply chain with 11 interviews, 11 international and 6 national surveys and data from public health information systems. An analysis based on multi-tier supply chain modelling is used to identify environmental supply chain bottlenecks.

This research found that the supply chain actors face severe challenges towards enhanced green supply chain performance mainly because of poor inventory management (IN), inefficient tracking and tracing (TR) and fake or sub-standard products in the supply chain, especially counterfeit medicines (CO). Specific environmental bottlenecks within each of the challenge areas IN, TR and CO where identified serving as recommendations for where supply chain actors should focus their work towards greener supply chains.

The data come from participants in a single country, Ethiopia; although the supply chain challenges are common for developing countries in general.

This research presents a modelling approach to identify supply chain activities considered as environmental bottlenecks in multi-tier supply chains. The environmental bottlenecks pinpoint supply chain activities to focus on for a transition towards green supply chains for manufacturers, public and private health organisations, hospitals and health care units.

This paper contributes to the literature on GSCM by developing a multi-tier modelling approach for identifying environmental supply chain bottlenecks. The applicability of the model is demonstrated by the identification of environmental bottlenecks in a healthcare supply chain supporting decisions on what challenges a green supply chain strategy should address. It serves as a basis for future research on where to implement GSCM practices in supply chains (SCs).

The purpose of this paper is to assess the adoption of climate-smart agriculture (CSA) and its implication on improving the farming household food security status, their resilience and livelihood risk management of farmers.

This systematic review has followed procedures to accomplish the review, including literature searches, screening studies, data extraction, synthesis and presentation of the data.

Based on the result of the review, the determinants of CSA adoption can be categorized into five categories, including demographic factors (age, sex, family size, dependency ratio, education), economic factors (land size, household income, livestock ownership), institutional factors (extension services, training access, credit services, farm input, market distance), environmental factors (agroecology, change in precipitation, slope of land) and social factors (cooperatives membership, farmers perception). The result also shows that applying CSA practices has an indispensable role on increasing productivity, food security, income, building resilient livelihoods, minimizing production risk and alleviating poverty. This concluded CSA practice has a multidimensional role in the livelihood of agrarian population like Ethiopia, yet its adoption was constrained by several factors.

This review mainly emphasizes on the most commonly practiced CSA strategies that are examined by different scholars.

This study aims to analyze the temperature variability and change for the past 30 years (1990–2019) and the future 60 years (2030s, 2050s and 2070s) in Wolaita Zone and the surroundings, in Southern Ethiopia.

The temperature (maximum and minimum) data of the past 30 years (1990–2019) of ten meteorological stations and the future (2021–2080) data of regional climate models (RCMs) under two representative concentration pathways (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) were used in this study. The accuracy of RCMs in representing observed temperature data was evaluated against mean absolute error, root-mean-square error, percent bias, Nash–Sutcliffe measure of efficiency, index of agreement (d) and coefficient of determination (R²). The temperature variability was analyzed using the coefficient of variation, and the trend was determined using the Mann–Kendall trend and Sen’s slope tests.

The results indicate that the past maximum (Tmax) and minimum (Tmin) temperatures showed low variability (CV = 4.3%) with consistently increasing trends. Similarly, Tmax and Tmin are projected to have low variability in the future years, with upward trends. The Tmax and Tmin are projected to deviate by 0.7°C–1.2°C, 1.3°C–2.2°C and 1.5°C–3.2°C by 2030s, 2050s and 2070s, respectively, under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, from the baseline. Thus, it can be concluded that temperature has low variability in all periods, with consistently increasing trends. The increasing temperature could have been affecting agricultural production systems in Southern Ethiopia.

This research did not remove the uncertainties of models (inherited errors of models) in future temperature projections. However, this study did not have any limitation. Therefore, individuals or organizations working on agricultural productivity, food security and sustainable development can use the results and recommendations.

The globe has been warming due to the increasing temperature; as a result, many adaptation and mitigation measures have been suggested globally and nationally (IPCC, 2021). FAO (2017) indicates that the level of vulnerability to the impacts of climate change varies with geographic location, economy and demography; the adaptation measures need to be local. The detailed information on temperature variability and change in the past and future helps to understand the associated negative impacts on agriculture, hydrology, biodiversity, environment and human well-being, among others.

The projected future climate pattern helps the country devise proactive adaptation and mitigation measures for the associated damages at different levels (from local to national). This could improve the resilience of farmers and the country to climate change impacts. This contributes to achieving sustainable development goals (e.g. no poverty, zero hunger and climate action). This is because the agriculture sector in Ethiopia accounts for 80% of employment, 33% of the gross domestic product and 76% of exports (EPRSS, 2023).

Temperature is one of the major climate elements affecting agricultural production in rain-fed production systems. Despite this, past studies in Southern Ethiopia considered only the past temperature but not the future climate. Thus, generating detailed information about past and future temperatures is very important to take proactive adaptation measures for reducing climate-associated damages in the agriculture sector in Ethiopia.

The purpose of this study is to explore the potential and challenges of biogas utilization as an alternative and sustainable energy source in the Gurage zone of Southern Ethiopia, where traditional energy sources such as firewood and charcoal are widely used.

The study adopts a mixed-methods approach to collect and analyze data from different sources and perspectives. The research collects quantitative data from structured interviews with 200 rural households who use biogas or other energy sources, and qualitative data from key informant interviews and focus group discussions with biogas experts, local authorities and community leaders. Socioeconomic analysis is conducted to assess the importance of biogas in terms of income, expenditure, health and environmental benefits, and a multivariate probit model is used to identify the factors influencing biogas energy adoption among rural households.

The findings indicate that biogas users are more likely to substitute traditional energy sources with biogas for cooking, lighting and heating purposes. The model reveals that age, sex, education level, land size and livestock quantity influence biogas energy adoption, whereas income, distance to market and access to credit do not have a significant effect. The findings also show that biogas users have higher income, lower expenditure, better health and lower greenhouse gas emissions than nonusers.

The study concludes that the socioeconomic impact of biogas varies among households based on location and lifestyle. The study also highlights the need for further research on the technical, institutional and behavioral aspects of biogas utilization in different contexts.

To address the challenges faced by biogas users and their energy choices, such as lack of awareness, maintenance, quality control and affordability, the study suggests exploring biogas energy to meet the diverse needs of cattle owners in different regions. The study also recommends enhancing the capacity of local stakeholders, promoting public–private partnerships, and developing supportive policies and regulations for biogas development in Ethiopia.

The study implies that biogas utilization can contribute to social development by improving the living standards, health status and gender equality of rural households. The study also suggests that biogas utilization can foster social cohesion and empowerment by creating opportunities for collective action, knowledge sharing and income generation among biogas users and their communities.

The study provides a comprehensive and empirical analysis of the socioeconomic landscape of biogas utilization and the determinants of energy choice in the Gurage zone of Southern Ethiopia. The study also offers valuable insights and recommendations for policymakers, practitioners, researchers and other stakeholders involved in biogas development in Ethiopia and other developing countries.

This study aims to examine the relationship between polychronicity, job autonomy, perceived workload, work–family conflict and high work demand on the health-care employee turnover intention during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The authors conducted quantitative research in private hospitals using a self-administered questionnaire, and 264 respondents participated. The authors also used an analysis of moment structures to determine the relationship between independent and moderating variables.

The results show a significant positive relationship between polychronicity, job autonomy, perceived workload, work–family conflict and high work demand, affecting turnover intention. This study also found the moderating effect of high work demand on work–family conflict and turnover intention.

This research was limited to hospitals in Bahrain during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, the findings highlight the factors associated with health-care employee turnover intention and only five factors were identified.

This study enhances the theoretical and practical effects of turnover intention. The results provide a competitive benchmark for hospital managers, administrators and governing bodies of employee retention.

It advances economics and management theory by enhancing the understanding of health-care employees’ turnover intention in Bahrain. It serves as a basis for future large-scale studies to test or refine existing theories.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to adopt extrinsic variables in self-determination theory to measure the turnover intention of health-care employees. However, using resources in a crisis can be applied to any disaster.

The purpose of this study was to examine adverse outcomes associated with cesarean deliveries and to assess potential confounding factors.

A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from September 1−30, 2019 using mixed methods of data collection. Multistage sampling was used to draw the eligible study participants. The sample size was calculated using the single population proportion formula. A systematic random sampling technique was used to draw the sample size. 180 original medical records were excluded because of having missed information, leaving 1,618 women as the study population. We used the questionnaire adapted from the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey to collect quantitative data and analyzed using SPSS version 22, while thematic analysis for qualitative measures was used to generate themes regarding associated perspectives of participants from a community.

More than 383 women delivered by cesarean section. 20% of the mothers with the mean age at birth of 26.1 ± 4.8 experienced adverse outcomes. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) was used to measure the association of determinants and was 2.95 (95% CI 1.19–7.29) for nonuse of antenatal care, 3.18 (95% CI 1.43–6.94) for nonuse of prophylaxis, 4.28 (95% CI 1.58−11.61) for history of medical illness and 7.09 (95% CI 1.19−45.59) for use of substandard operation set up compared with their counterparts.

Strengths of the study include the finding of the study are reliably reported in mixed study methods examining hospital-based institutional and personal risk factors and exploring the whole community's perspectives. However, the important limitations of the study indicate that the study poses a number of challenges related to studying design, therefore there was not sufficient evidence of causality to draw conclusions from the findings. In addition, the study was conducted at a single hospital so that it is not convenient to generalize the findings of the study for setting different in social and economic status.

Based on the findings, attention has been drawn to healthcare personnel to provide training and consultation services for pregnant women and for health care administration to ensure standard set up for operation.