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The notion of partner‐violence as a male‐perpetrated phenomenon is not a scientific position but an amelioration of cognitive‐dissonance within a political mindset. Against all the data, this ‘gender paradigm’ persists as a series of staged retreats as new research debunks each in turn. Supposed highly sex‐differential injury rates, male unilaterality of perpetration, female self‐defence, male ‘control’, and female especial fear are all discredited as reasons to focus solely on men's aggression. By contrast, scientific theorising regarding the root of the great bulk of partner‐violence is in terms of the biological phenomenon of mate‐guarding. However, the usual model of male proprietariness over female fertility itself is in part a ‘gender paradigm’ position. Recently revealed sex‐symmetries necessitate a major overhaul of this model. Drawing on new understanding of the basis of pair‐bonding, outlined here is a parsimonious account of mate‐guarding as being by both sexes; notably women, owing to sex‐dichotomous mate‐value trajectory. This framework heralds the complete abandonment of the ‘gender paradigm’ and thus the end of a highly inappropriate intrusion of extreme ideology into science.

This study explores the determinants of growth of credence-based exports of yerba mate from Paraguay, potential for increased export growth, and the fragility of the credence-based export model. Much of the growth in value of yerba mate exports from Paraguay is due to positioning of the good within the universe of products where consumption is driven by perceptions of sustainable production and health benefits to consumers. Credence claims for yerba mate—benefits to indigenous producing communities, environmental sustainability under certain production processes, healthful alternatives to energy drinks—are now widely known, but the growth of this awareness came via a new entrepreneurial strategy of a single firm.

Primary information was collected through interviews of actors in the Paraguayan yerba mate value chain during spring/summer 2020. These included representatives from three exporting companies, processors, public institutions and indigenous producers.

The Paraguayan yerba mate export boom was stimulated through the careful cultivation of an image of healthful consumption and sustainable production processes. The cost of this cultivation was borne mainly by a single firm. Findings suggest that future marketing efforts will need to reinforce credence claims, highlighting the benefits to indigenous producers.

This case study explores the determinants of growth of credence-based exports of yerba mate from Paraguay, potential for increased growth, and the fragility of the credence-based model.

Findings are supported by field interviews with value chain participants and detailed analysis of extant data. The paper is the first to discuss the fragility of relying on credence attributes for long-term demand growth.

This paper aims to explore how sexual harassment is experienced and understood by heterosexual working men in their day-to-day work lives in an Asian patriarchal culture, underpinned by rigid sex-role norms and gender role stereotypes, which promote heterosexual hegemonic masculinity

Using qualitative research approach, 19 in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with self-identified heterosexual men.

The findings indicate common, yet unique, ways heterosexual men experience sexual harassment at workplaces, perpetrated by women and men, holding different organizational positions. Unwanted sexual attention, gender harassment, sexploitation and sexual hubris are, thus, identified as the main manifestations of sexual harassment for men. The nature of the experiences, how they were understood and perceived by heterosexual men, who the harassers were, how men have responded to their experiences and the existing theories point toward numerous explanations for the heterosexual men’s experiences of sexual harassment. Among these reasons, hegemonic masculinity, power and sexual attraction were found to be predominant.

The themes and explanations of different and sometimes unique sexual harassment experiences expand and add to the understudied area of sexual harassment of heterosexual men in general, and in a cultural context, rarely explored, more specifically.

This study addresses the lack of exploration of whether posting luxury products purchased on social media contributes to a favorable impression of oneself. It uncovers the underlying mechanisms shaping observers’ attitudes toward account holders sharing luxury posts. By examining the motive attribution processes triggered by such posts, particularly intrinsic and extrinsic motives, this study clarifies the dynamics of luxury posts on social media, addressing inconsistencies in the literature regarding responses to luxury brand users.

To test the hypotheses, a one-factor between-subjects experimental design involving 400 South Korean participants with social media accounts was employed. Participants in each condition recalled their experiences of encountering either luxury or non-luxury posts on social media and completed several measures, including attitudes toward the account holder.

The results indicate that luxury posts on social media positively influence attitudes toward account holders through intrinsic motive attribution but have a negative impact through extrinsic motive attribution. The study revealed that observers with lower materialistic values were more prone to infer the motives behind posting luxury products.

This study introduces motive attribution as a crucial mechanism for understanding the impact of luxury consumption on social media. Exploring the intrinsic and extrinsic motives inferred from luxury posts provides nuanced insights into how these posts shape observers’ evaluations of account holders. This study’s identification of distinct routes offers valuable perspectives for fashion marketing researchers and marketers.

This paper explains the concepts of underhedging and overhedging in interest rate swaps and demonstrates how overhedged and underhedged swaps might be accounted for under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133 (FAS 133) and international Accounting Standard No. 39. To illustrate, we use an interest rate swap with receive‐fixed, pay‐fixed swap leg foreign currency to explain the un derlying differences between overhedging and underhedging on foreign exchange risk. We further clarify that when both legs of an interest rate swap are specified with the same currency as in the situation of FAS 133 ‐ Example 5 beginning in Paragraph 131, accounting for overhedging or underhedging will be no different because there is no foreign exchange overhedging or underhedging risk that impacts swap valuation.

Research has shown that occupational segregation by sex is one of the determinants of male‐female earnings differences. Some claim that occupational segregation is the major cause but others suggest that intra‐occupational earnings differences are more important. This study examines the truth of this.

Classifies previous research on the links between earnings management and managerial opportunism into studies of the links between earnings‐based compensation schemes and opportunistic, short‐term earnings management; and earnings management around CEO changes. Suggests some reasons why the sensitivity of compensation to earnings and stock return performance measures might change over the length of CEO tenure and presents a study of 1970‐1991 US data to examine this. Finds that sensitivity to earnings is greater than to stock returns and that the significance of both varies during the first and second halves of tenure, as does the use of discretionar accruals. Considers the underlying reasons for this, consistency with other research and the implications for research and practice.

Gossip is part of everyday life and can play an important role in society. It has been part of human communication since we started to talk and is common to communities around the world. Evidence of gossip adorned the walls of ancient tombs in Egypt, and advice against gossiping can be found in the words of King Solomon in the Old Testament, in the theses of Greek philosophers, and in proverbs from all cultures. Yet gossip continues to be all around us, and most of our conversation time involves some form of it. Despite this, those who initiate gossip are often derided for being gossip mongers, and not without good reason. At its worst, gossip can destroy reputations and businesses, be used as a form of bullying, and cause a great deal of distress. In this chapter, however, I focus on why and how gossip is used and the purpose it serves in village life. Ambridge resident Susan Carter is a renowned gossip with high, unsubtle output compared to other villagers. I look at Susan's gossiping at both a psychosocial level and in terms of benefits she may gain. I also discuss gossip at the village level from two perspectives. I explore the importance of gossip to village life based upon peer reviewed literature, and relate these findings to the comings and goings of the residents of Ambridge. I then also look at how gossip is needed to relay storylines to the listeners. Finally, social media has helped to bring together Archers fans who like nothing more than to spend hours gossiping about their favourite villagers and berating Susan for her tittle-tattle. Yet The Archers wouldn't exist without gossip, so maybe we should be grateful to Susan and carry on gossiping.

The economics of information has received a great deal of attention in the literature of information science over the past 20 years. Of particular interest has been the evaluation of library and information services through the measurement of cost efficiency, cost effectiveness, and cost benefit.

The University of Hannover has studied the fundamental factors affecting the process of vibratory feeding. From this research a step‐by‐step procedure for the design of vibratory bowl feeders has been derived.