Rogério Lopes, Francisco Barros, Francisco Q. de Melo, Nuno V. Ramos, Rafael Cunha, Ricardo Maia, Rui Rodrigues, M.P.L. Parente and P.M.G. Moreira
The vehicle´s body front pillar should absorb most of the striker kinetic energy, while only a fraction of that is absorbed by the door structure. This study aims to discuss the…
Abstract
Purpose
The vehicle´s body front pillar should absorb most of the striker kinetic energy, while only a fraction of that is absorbed by the door structure. This study aims to discuss the aforementioned issue. In this test the striker is a virtual entity. Six uniaxial strain gauges are installed throughout the door. Additionally, contactless 3D digital image correlation (DIC) allows to assess the major door panel’s continuous deformation and strain fields.
Design/methodology/approach
A coach is a large and heavy long-distance passenger transport vehicle. Their structural certification, classifies coaches as M3 Class III vehicles. New coach structures’ designs need analyses of each sub-system for critical pre-validation of the entire structure, aiming driver and passenger carrier safety. Also, a thorough examination due to increased travel speed is needed.
Findings
Experimental pseudo-dynamic (PSD) results were compared and validated using finite element method (FEM) with two pieces of distinct FEM software (Abaqus® and PamCrash®). The time dependent solution was carried out by explicit techniques. Results by FEM and PSD test showed good agreement, evidencing the reliability of the tools selected. Results by PamCrash® were closer to the experimental data.
Practical implications
R-29 is truck-only regulation, however can be adapted to coaches in case of a frontal collision. The present work focuses on the impact behavior of the passenger front door subsystem.
Originality/value
As a first validation the entire structure, the behavior of a vehicle door, under in-plane impacts was studied. The corresponding deformation energy absorbed by the frontal passenger coach door under virtual impacts of a swinging striker was assessed using a PSD approach.
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Maria Francisca Reis Rabaça Vaz, Maria Elisabete Silva, Marco Parente, Sofia Brandão and António Augusto Fernandes
Develop biodegradable meshes as a novel solution to address issues associated with using synthetic meshes for POP repair.
Abstract
Purpose
Develop biodegradable meshes as a novel solution to address issues associated with using synthetic meshes for POP repair.
Design/methodology/approach
Computational models were created with variations in the pore geometry, pore size, filament thickness, and inclusion of filaments around specific mesh regions. Subsequently, one of the meshes was 3D printed to validate the results obtained from the simulations. Following this, a uniaxial tensile test was carried out on the vaginal tissue of a sow to compare with the simulations, to identify meshes that displayed behaviour akin to vaginal tissue. Finally, the most promising outcomes were compared with those of the uterosacral ligament and a commercially available mesh.
Findings
Following a comprehensive analysis of the results, the mesh that most accurately replicates the behaviour of the vaginal tissue showcases a smaller pore diameter (1.50 mm), filaments in specific areas of the mesh, and variable filament thickness across the mesh. Nevertheless, upon comparing the outcomes with those of the uterosacral, the meshes do not exhibit similar behaviour to the ligament. Finally, the commercially available mesh does not represent the behaviour of both the vaginal tissue and the uterosacral ligament and in this sense may not be the best treatment option for POP repair.
Originality/value
Their biocompatibility and biomechanical properties make them a potential solution to the disadvantages of synthetic meshes. Personalized/customized meshes could be part of the future of surgical POP repair.
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Peng Wang, Hocine Chalal and Farid Abed-Meraim
The purpose of this paper is to propose two linear solid-shell finite elements, a six-node prismatic element denoted SHB6-EXP and an eight-node hexahedral element denoted…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose two linear solid-shell finite elements, a six-node prismatic element denoted SHB6-EXP and an eight-node hexahedral element denoted SHB8PS-EXP, for the three-dimensional modeling of thin structures in the context of explicit dynamic analysis.
Design/methodology/approach
These two linear solid-shell elements are formulated based on a purely three-dimensional (3D) approach, with displacements as the only degrees of freedom. To prevent various locking phenomena, a reduced-integration scheme is used along with the assumed-strain method. The resulting formulations are computationally efficient, as only a single layer of elements with an arbitrary number of through-thickness integration points is required to model 3D thin structures.
Findings
Via the VUEL user-element subroutines, the performance of these elements is assessed through a set of selective and representative dynamic elastoplastic benchmark tests, impact-type problems and deep drawing processes involving complex non-linear loading paths, anisotropic plasticity and double-sided contact. The obtained numerical results demonstrate good performance of the SHB-EXP elements in the modeling of 3D thin structures, with only a single element layer and few integration points in the thickness direction.
Originality/value
The extension of the SHB-EXP solid-shell formulations to large-strain anisotropic plasticity enlarges their application range to a wide variety of dynamic elastoplastic problems and sheet metal forming simulations. All simulation results reveal that the numerical strategy adopted in this paper can efficiently prevent the various locking phenomena that commonly occur in the 3D modeling of thin structural problems.
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Valentina Cucino, Rosangela Feola and Andrea Piccaluga
In the current context of increasing awareness about dramatic societal challenges, a growing number of businesses, including both small enterprises and large corporations, are…
Abstract
In the current context of increasing awareness about dramatic societal challenges, a growing number of businesses, including both small enterprises and large corporations, are increasingly embracing more socially oriented behaviors and aligning their innovative strategies and business models to address specific societal needs. Widespread expectations toward more inclusive and sustainable forms of entrepreneurship are determining the need to prioritize objectives toward individuals, society, and stakeholders, beyond mere profit. This study advocates a human-centered perspective in entrepreneurial theory, recognizing human capital’s relevance in the contemporary economic landscape.
Employing a qualitative approach, the authors investigated 17 Italian innovative start-ups with a strong social orientation. Through the Gioia methodology, the authors examined the antecedents of three dimensions within the humane entrepreneurship framework – Sustainable Orientation, Entrepreneurial Orientation, and Human Resources Orientation – and their role in fostering Humane Entrepreneurial Orientation. Innovative start-ups’ outcomes reveal that three antecedents – namely, prior engagement in voluntary activities, connections within the local community, and adept relational skills – exert influence on the development of humane entrepreneurship.
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Massimiliano Vesci, Antonio Botti and Roberto Parente
Although Humane Entrepreneurial Orientation (HEO) represents the focal dimension in Humane Entrepreneurship (HumEnt) theory and has been understood in two different ways…
Abstract
Although Humane Entrepreneurial Orientation (HEO) represents the focal dimension in Humane Entrepreneurship (HumEnt) theory and has been understood in two different ways, empirical evidence in the realm of business on this construct is severely lacking. The goal of this chapter is to perform an empirical assessment of HEO measurement having the aim of categorizing the types of enterprises that emerge from HumEnt theory. To these ends, a questionnaire with items designed to capture HEO components was developed, and a survey among entrepreneurs located in Italy was administered to provide a basis for an exploratory factor analysis. Results demonstrated that HumEnt enterprises are no longer invisible, and a novel way to identify them has been proposed. Theoretical and practical implications are formulated consequentially to the first step along the HEO measurement scale empirical assessment.
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Bice Della Piana, Secil Bayraktar and Alfredo Jimenez
Entrepreneurial mindsets differ in diverse cultural contexts affecting the perceptions of business opportunity as well as the strategic posture and how to network to successfully…
Abstract
Entrepreneurial mindsets differ in diverse cultural contexts affecting the perceptions of business opportunity as well as the strategic posture and how to network to successfully implement it. For example, many scholars have shown that risk taking and proactiveness (i.e., characteristics of the strategic posture) are affected by cultural characteristics. The aim of the chapter is to shed light on the relationship between socio-cultural practices (using the GLOBE cultural theoretical framework) and entrepreneurial behavior understanding how culture may foster or hinder the entrepreneurial mindsets. The authors discuss how certain cultural dimensions may be linked to various aspects of entrepreneurial mindsets. Furthermore, the authors make some reflections with regard to the contextual conditions shaped by cultural factors that seem to be the most appropriate to spread the Humane Entrepreneurship Model.
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Gianluca Gionfriddo and Andrea Piccaluga
The contemporary dialog surrounding social and environmental crises has strengthened the call for a reconsideration of the capitalist economic system, prompting a reimagining of…
Abstract
The contemporary dialog surrounding social and environmental crises has strengthened the call for a reconsideration of the capitalist economic system, prompting a reimagining of businesses’ societal roles. This chapter explores the shifting terrain of corporate purpose as a driving force for positive societal change, challenging the traditional shareholder primacy doctrine.
After examining influential theoretical frameworks shaping the discourse on corporate purpose, this research unveils the results of an empirical investigation inspired by the 2019 American Business Roundtable’s (BRT) statement on corporate purpose, where numerous prominent American CEOs advocated for a shift toward a stakeholder-oriented approach. In our exercise, the authors employ semantic and cognitive linguistic analyses to measure the coherence between the language in the BRT statement and the content of sustainability reports. This approach aims to offer insights into the alignment or divergence between corporate declarations and actual practices concerning corporate purpose.
Empirical findings reveal that corporations emphasizing their purpose in sustainability reports using language resembling that of the BRT statement tend to demonstrate lower implementation scores. Conversely, implementors lean toward using language in sustainability reports that diverges from the BRT statement. These findings suggest a potential disconnection between stated purpose and actual implementation in companies emphasizing corporate purpose in their reports.
The study research contributes theoretical insights by exploring how corporations can incorporate purpose-driven practices to promote sustainable growth and societal well-being. It underscores the potential for businesses to play a pivotal role in reshaping the economic landscape and advocates for ongoing research in humanistic management models.
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Rossella Canestrino, Pierpaolo Magliocca and Marek Ćwiklicki
Global environmental and social threats challenge humans’ well-being and the survival of posterity. Industry 4.0 (I4.0) transformed the industry sector, enabling process…
Abstract
Global environmental and social threats challenge humans’ well-being and the survival of posterity. Industry 4.0 (I4.0) transformed the industry sector, enabling process automation and scalability, increasing manufacturers’ productivity, efficiency, and profitability, and supporting manufacturing innovation and firms’ competitive advantage. Despite this, the I4.0 paradigm, as currently conceived, does not fit for purpose in the context of the climate crisis and planetary emergency, nor does it address deep social tensions.
Therefore, a new revolution focusing on human and environmental needs is strongly required to address society’s economic and social problems. Combining digitalization and social purposes may address local, national, and international issues by involving a human-centered perspective in traditional business-oriented entrepreneurship.
Depending on the above, this chapter provides an in-depth understanding of Digital Entrepreneurship (DE), Digital Social Entrepreneurship (DSE), and how entrepreneurs may employ digital technologies to reach business and social aims.
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Riccardo Tipaldi and Carmen Gallucci
This chapter explores the impact of Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO), Sustainable Orientation (SO), and Human Resource Orientation (HRO) – the key dimensions of the strategic…
Abstract
This chapter explores the impact of Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO), Sustainable Orientation (SO), and Human Resource Orientation (HRO) – the key dimensions of the strategic posture known as Humane Entrepreneurship – on the success of 142 equity crowdfunding campaigns hosted on the US-based platform WeFunder. Utilizing text analysis in conjunction with fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis, a configurational research method, the study identifies diverse combinations of these dimensions that lead to successful funding outcomes. The analysis, encompassing both minimum and maximum funding targets and supplemented by robustness tests, indicates that successful equity crowdfunding campaigns are characterized by pitches displaying high levels of autonomy, innovativeness, proactiveness, and risk-taking, with a lesser focus on competitive aggressiveness. It is also observed that campaigns emphasizing HRO consistently achieve their fundraising goals, independent of the funding target set. Notably, a startup’s SO does not seem to significantly influence campaign success within the equity crowdfunding context.