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Publication date: 24 May 2022

Adrienne Lee Atterberry

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine how leading a childhood characterized by transnational mobility affects youths’ understanding of and relationship to their ethnic

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine how leading a childhood characterized by transnational mobility affects youths’ understanding of and relationship to their ethnic identity.

Study approach: This study examines the effects of transnational mobility on ethnic identity by focusing on the specific case of Indian Americans who grew up in the USA and Bangalore, a city in southwest India, before relocating to the USA for college. The analysis for this chapter comes from semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 20 transnational Indian American youth.

Findings: The data analysis reveals that by spending part of their childhood in India, transnational Indian American youth were able to learn more about their Indian ethnic identity, which helped them resolve issues related to their status as an ethnic minority in the USA, reframe how they define their ethnic identity, and reevaluate the status of their ethnic identity relative to their counterparts in the USA.

Originality: This study focuses on the unique case of Indian American youth who had a childhood characterized by transnational mobility. As such, this work contributes to the literature on children and youths’ transnational mobility through its focus on the migration patterns of relatively elite and socially privileged children and youth. Additionally, it adds to our understanding of the effects of migration between the USA and India by addressing how these processes affect children and youth. Last, it adds to the literature on Indian Americans by focusing on an understudied subpopulation within this group. The study motivates future research on the diversity that exists among transnationally mobile Indian American children and youth.

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Children and Youths' Migration in a Global Landscape
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80117-539-5

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Article
Publication date: 1 September 2006

M. Pramod and Suresh Garg

In the complex environment of manufacturing system, it is proper to design a production system which meets the market requirements in the most economical and competitive manner…

957

Abstract

Purpose

In the complex environment of manufacturing system, it is proper to design a production system which meets the market requirements in the most economical and competitive manner. Flexible manufacturing system (FMS) is one of the options to meet the uncertainty in demand and high variety of products. This paper aims to review the definition, classification, and measurement of manufacturing flexibility concerned with manufacturing flexibility management.

Design/methodology/approach

The selection process consists of the synthesis and critical evaluation of the concepts put forward in the extant literature. As a consequence of this process, three primary flexibility dimensions are identified: volume, variety and machine. Simulation approach is used to study the behavior of FMS under different demand scenarios and levels of flexibility.

Findings

Four hypotheses are tested in five different flexibility levels. The following conclusions are obtained from the study. For any flexibility level, as the traffic density (TD) increases, the system utilization increases; as the TD increases, the throughput time increases; and as the number of part type increase, the system utilization decreases. A comparison between five flexibility levels showed that flexibility level 4 is best in terms of system utilization and throughput time. Flexibility level 2 perform second best, better than flexibility level 3 and flexibility level 5 which is not in line with initial assumption. Lastly, from the above results it is concluded that partial flexibility is better as compare to no flexibility and total flexibility.

Originality/value

It is felt that the contribution of the paper lies in demonstrating the usefulness of simulation technique in quantifying the aspects related to FMS. The effect that a specific design variable has on a specific system level flexibility type can change with the level of part processing flexibility present and flexibility trade‐off in manufacturing systems is not inevitable. This would help the planners of FMS to think and design FMS in a holistic manner.

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Journal of Modelling in Management, vol. 1 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1746-5664

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Article
Publication date: 11 February 2019

Vineet Jain and Vimlesh Kumar Soni

The purpose of this paper is to identify the flexible manufacturing system performance variables and analyze the interactions among these variables. Interpretive structural…

512

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to identify the flexible manufacturing system performance variables and analyze the interactions among these variables. Interpretive structural modeling (ISM) has been reported for this but no study has been done regarding the interaction of its variables. Therefore, fuzzy TISM (total ISM) has been applied to deduce the relationship and interactions between the variables and driving and dependence power of these variables are examined by fuzzy MICMAC.

Design/methodology/approach

Fuzzy TISM and fuzzy MICMAC analysis have been applied to deduce the relationship and interactions among the variables and driving and dependence power of these variables are examined by fuzzy MICMAC.

Findings

In total, 15 variables have been identified from the extensive literature review. The result showed that automation, use of automated material handling, an effect of tool life and rework percentage have high driving power and weak dependence power in the fuzzy TISM model and fuzzy MICMAC analysis. These are also at the lowest level in the hierarchy in the fuzzy TISM model.

Originality/value

Fuzzy TISM model has been suggested for manufacturing industries with fuzzy MICMAC analysis. This proposed approach is a novel attempt to integrate TISM approach with the fuzzy sets. The integration of TISM with fuzzy sets provides flexibility to decision-makers to further understand the level of influences of one criterion over another, which was earlier present only in the form of binary (0, 1) numbers; 0 represents no influence and 1 represents influence.

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Journal of Modelling in Management, vol. 14 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1746-5664

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Article
Publication date: 9 April 2021

E.V. Gijo

The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the application of the tools and techniques of Quality by Design (QbD) approach in an Indian pharmaceutical drug product…

374

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the application of the tools and techniques of Quality by Design (QbD) approach in an Indian pharmaceutical drug product manufacturing company and to understand the challenges, managerial implications and lessons learned while implementing this initiative.

Design/methodology/approach

This work adopts the Action Research methodology for impurity reduction in a drug product manufacturing company in India by using the tools and techniques of QbD approach. Various QbD tools like Design of experiments, process capability evaluation and control charts were effectively utilized for the study.

Findings

As a part of QbD implementation in the organization, a specific drug product was identified and the impurity level in the product was studied. Significant variables impacting the impurity were identified and the optimum levels for the significant variables were identified through design of experiments. The solutions were implemented and the impurity levels were reduced significantly.

Research limitations/implications

Even though the article is based on a single case study related to tools and techniques of QbD in a single organization in India, the identified problem is a generic product quality related issue for any pharmaceutical drug product manufacturing company. Hence the findings of this research are applicable to pharmaceutical drug manufacturing industry in general.

Originality/value

This article illustrates the systematic usage of various tools and techniques of QbD methodology in a pharmaceutical drug product manufacturing company. The usage of Design of Experiments for process optimization and application of other tools and techniques are ready references for the practitioners and novice users in the field.

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International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, vol. 71 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1741-0401

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Article
Publication date: 25 September 2019

Ziad Alkalha, Iain Reid and Benjamin Dehe

There is a consensus suggesting that the theoretical underpinning associated with supply chain quality management practices remain evolutionary to current thinking. Therefore…

970

Abstract

Purpose

There is a consensus suggesting that the theoretical underpinning associated with supply chain quality management practices remain evolutionary to current thinking. Therefore, this study aims to explore how absorptive capacity (AC) supports supply chain quality integration (SCQI) by building product and process quality within a supply chain (SC).

Design/methodology/approach

A comparative case study of global pharmaceutical manufacturers in a developing market was undertaken. A two-round qualitative research method was designed to collect data through 54 semi-structured interviews with pharmaceutical managers and senior managers.

Findings

The results demonstrate that AC is essential to the development of SCQI because of its ability to use valuable strategic and operational knowledge, which is important when improving consistent internal product and process quality, along with establishing a robust SC design. The authors found that AC enables companies to design their quality and continuously improve their products and processes among their SC members.

Research limitations/implications

The authors acknowledge that these sets of findings are difficult to generalise to other sectors, however, the authors are confident that they can be extrapolated to other companies in the pharmaceutical industry.

Practical implications

The study develops a framework to support practitioners and decision makers to leverage their AC towards facilitating their SCQI practices.

Originality/value

This study explains the role of the AC process in relation to SCQI practices, in the context of the pharmaceutical SC. The study profiles the characteristics of dynamic capabilities to increase the companies’ competencies, processes and resources.

Details

Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, vol. 24 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1359-8546

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Article
Publication date: 1 October 2018

Manjeet Kharub, Shah Limon and Rajiv Kumar Sharma

The purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate the quality tool’s impact on the effectiveness of the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP)-based food safety…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate the quality tool’s impact on the effectiveness of the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP)-based food safety system and correlation studies between HACCP effectiveness and business performance in food and pharmaceutical industries.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 116 survey responses of prominent food and pharmaceutical firms are used to fulfil the aim of this study. The principal component analysis (PCA) method was applied to classify quality tools into a finite number of groups. Further, multiple regression methods are employed to investigate the correlation between HACCP effectiveness and firm’s performance indicators.

Findings

Quality tools are classified into three categories on the basis of their application by using the PCA method: quality tools for hazard identification, quality tools for hazard analysis (QTHA) and quality tools for hazard control. The regression analysis revealed that QTHA has a substantial impact on HACCP objectives (hazard identification, hazard assessment and hazard control). Additionally, the results suggest that the successful implementation of HACCP-based food safety system also delivers a direct influence on the operational and financial performance of the food and pharmaceutical industries.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to the existing body of HACCP knowledge by providing a framework supported by an empirical case study. The case study clustered quality tools into three broad categories related to their application of a HACCP project. Study results can guide and motivate managers to use quality tools with the aim of successful implantation of the HACCP-based food safety system, especially in food and pharmaceutical industries.

Details

International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, vol. 35 no. 9
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0265-671X

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Article
Publication date: 14 February 2022

Arslan Akram, Saba Ramzan, Akhtar Rasool, Arfan Jaffar, Usama Furqan and Wahab Javed

This paper aims to propose a novel splicing detection method using a discriminative robust local binary pattern (DRLBP) with a support vector machine (SVM). Reliable detection of…

85

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to propose a novel splicing detection method using a discriminative robust local binary pattern (DRLBP) with a support vector machine (SVM). Reliable detection of image splicing is of growing interest due to the extensive utilization of digital images as a communication medium and the availability of powerful image processing tools. Image splicing is a commonly used forgery technique in which a region of an image is copied and pasted to a different image to hide the original contents of the image.

Design/methodology/approach

The structural changes caused due to splicing are robustly described by DRLBP. The changes caused by image forgery are localized, so as a first step, localized description is divided into overlapping blocks by providing an image as input. DRLBP descriptor is calculated for each block, and the feature vector is created by concatenation. Finally, features are passed to the SVM classifier to predict whether the image is genuine or forged.

Findings

The performance and robustness of the method are evaluated on public domain benchmark data sets and achieved 98.95% prediction accuracy. The results are compared with state-of-the-art image splicing finding approaches, and it shows that the performance of the proposed method is improved using the given technique.

Originality/value

The proposed method is using DRLBP, an efficient texture descriptor, which combines both corner and inside design detail in a single representation. It produces discriminative and compact features in such a way that there is no need for the feature selection process to drop the redundant and insignificant features.

Details

World Journal of Engineering, vol. 19 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1708-5284

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Article
Publication date: 31 January 2025

Mengran Liu, Chao Zhou, Hanghai Feng, Chuanqi Gong, Junhao Hu and Zeming Jian

This paper aims to address the limitations of current deep learning algorithms for sound source localization (SSL), which focus on a single feature and frequency scale, neglecting…

9

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to address the limitations of current deep learning algorithms for sound source localization (SSL), which focus on a single feature and frequency scale, neglecting the integration of multi-scale information. The method developed in this study enhances localization accuracy by effectively using the spatial information and spectral diversity provided by microphone arrays.

Design/methodology/approach

The method is based on a multi-scale cross-short-time Fourier transform (STFT) complex-valued convolutional neural network (CCNN). It uses cross-STFT spectra at different scales to capture detailed acoustic information across various frequencies. The effectiveness of the algorithm was validated through both simulations and experimental studies.

Findings

Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed multi-scale cross-STFT CCNN not only outperforms the single-scale cross-STFT model but also delivers superior localization performance compared to other advanced methods, achieving consistently higher accuracy. The method shows excellent robustness across various signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions and performs well even on imbalanced datasets, confirming its strong generalization capabilities.

Originality/value

This paper introduces a novel approach to SSL that integrates multi-scale information, addressing a key limitation of existing methods. The findings offer significant value to researchers and practitioners in the field of acoustic signal processing, particularly those focused on deep learning-based localization techniques.

Details

Sensor Review, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0260-2288

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Article
Publication date: 3 April 2018

Anjali Shishodia, Vijaya Dixit and Priyanka Verma

The purpose of this paper is to analyze risk profiles of projects based on project characteristics and provide key managerial insights.

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to analyze risk profiles of projects based on project characteristics and provide key managerial insights.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 37 project cases from engineering and construction (E&C), information system/technology (IS/IT), and new product development (NPD) sectors with detailed information on project characteristics and risks were identified from published literature. An integrated framework was developed to analyze the prominent risk categories associated with novelty, technology, complexity, and pace (NTCP) project characteristics.

Findings

Within-sector analysis revealed that schedule, resource, and scope risks are the most prominent risk categories in E&C, IS/IT, and NPD projects, respectively. Similarly, interesting key insights have been drawn from detailed cross-sector analysis, depicting different risk categories based on NTCP project characteristics.

Research limitations/implications

The findings are based on the case studies adopted from the literature that provides details of project characteristics and risk profiles.

Practical implications

Depending upon the risks associated with different project characteristics, an integrated framework developed in the study can be used for the development of highly authentic risk management plans at the onset.

Originality/value

This is one of the earliest studies to provide an integrated risk framework for projects based on their NTCP characteristics. The two contrasting perspectives of within-sector and cross-sector analyses were adopted. Overall, the study will enhance the future preparedness toward risks.

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Article
Publication date: 12 May 2020

Krishnan Mysore, Konstantinos Kirytopoulos, Seungjun Ahn and Tony Ma

Adverse situations negatively impact project stakeholders’ engagement. Past research has sporadically investigated adverse situations affecting stakeholder engagement but lacks a…

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Abstract

Purpose

Adverse situations negatively impact project stakeholders’ engagement. Past research has sporadically investigated adverse situations affecting stakeholder engagement but lacks a thorough empirical investigation. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach

A web survey was designed to address the knowledge gap of the identification of the impactful adverse situations during multi-stakeholder engagement. The research yielded 144 completed responses from multi-stakeholders engaged in globally distributed ICT projects.

Findings

Exploratory factor analysis revealed eight factors that underpin 26 adverse situations. The top factors, ranked in terms of importance according to their Relative Importance Index (RII) are: dysfunctional conflicts, dearth of reasoning, glitches in project governance, clash of personalities.

Research limitations/implications

This research reveals the factors that can impact engagement in the form of meaningful clusters and dimensions and opens-up a future research agenda toward causation and mitigation studies related to adversarial stakeholder engagement. The study focuses on globally distributed ICT projects and has not explored generalizability in other sectors.

Practical implications

This research enables project managers and stakeholder analysts to get an understanding on the importance of different dimensions of adverse situations in the way stakeholders think, act and emote.

Social implications

Awareness on the potential adversarial stakeholder engagement helps in effectively managing the sustained stakeholder relationships and mental well-being of project stakeholders.

Originality/value

This research contributes to project management practice, as it reveals the underlying factors of adverse situations occurring during multi-stakeholders’ engagement, provides clarity on their components and ranks them in terms of importance for their overall effect on stakeholders’ engagement.

Details

International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, vol. 14 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1753-8378

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