Lisa A. Shanley, David D. Pascoe, Layne Anderson and Teresa Bellingar
Endeavours to determine the physiological and perceptual responses to forearm cold water immersion as influenced by the use of an experimental fireproof carbonaceous insulation…
Abstract
Endeavours to determine the physiological and perceptual responses to forearm cold water immersion as influenced by the use of an experimental fireproof carbonaceous insulation (ECI), Thinsulate (a commercial insulation), and Nomex flight gloves. The primary objective was to determine if ECI could provide adequate protection from cold water immersion while providing superior protection from fire. Physiological responses including rectal and skin temperatures to –1 degree C water were recorded. Perceptions of thermal discomfort and grip strength were also measured. The experimental carbonaceous insulation was able to provide better thermal protection as evidenced by significantly higher skin temperatures than the Thinsulate. Subjects perceived the Thinsulate gloves to be only slightly more comfortable than the ECI gloves. Both ECI and Thinsulate provided negligible loss of grip strength. The Nomex gloves provided virtually no thermal protection and substantial loss of grip strength post‐immersion.
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Ifeyimika O. Ajaiyeoba and Matthew J. Aplin-Houtz
This paper investigates the relationship between workplace incivility (WI) and nurses’ job and vocational turnover intentions. We introduce two moderators, organizational efficacy…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper investigates the relationship between workplace incivility (WI) and nurses’ job and vocational turnover intentions. We introduce two moderators, organizational efficacy (OE) and calling and investigate their influence on the relationship between WI and turnover intentions.
Design/methodology/approach
We surveyed 187 nurses in the Southwest US, currently employed in a clinical setting. We tested the hypothesized model using PLS-SEM for data analysis.
Findings
The results show that WI influences job turnover intentions but not vocational turnover intentions. OE and Calling both uniquely moderate the relationship between specific sources of WI and nurses’ turnover intentions.
Research limitations/implications
We offer insights into the effect various sources of WI have on nurses’ turnover intentions. Our findings imply that WI is less impactful on vocational turnover than job turnover. Also, OE and calling can be utilized to moderate the negative effects of WI.
Practical implications
Healthcare organizations should implement strategies that promote a positive work environment for all employees, particularly nurses. They should also strive to build a workplace culture that fosters calling among nurses.
Originality/value
The paper examines the differential impact of various sources of WI on two forms of turnover intentions, prominent and relevant in the nursing work environment. In addition, we introduce two new moderators – OE and calling – that significantly influence the relationship between WI and turnover intentions.
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Valentina Sommovigo, Chiara Bernuzzi and Ilaria Setti
This study aims to analyse whether and when victim incivility may be related to work-to-family conflict and then burnout among emergency workers.
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to analyse whether and when victim incivility may be related to work-to-family conflict and then burnout among emergency workers.
Design/methodology/approach
A total of 304 Italian emergency workers from five firehouses and six emergency rooms completed questionnaires, examining: victim incivility, work-to-family conflict, social support seeking and burnout symptoms. Descriptive analyses, confirmatory factor analyses and structural equation models were conducted.
Findings
Victim incivility was positively associated with burnout symptoms, both directly and indirectly, as mediated by work-to-family conflict. Additionally, social support seeking exacerbated (rather than mitigated) the impact of work-to-family conflict on burnout symptoms.
Practical implications
Organisations can greatly benefit from implementing family-friendly practices and providing their workers with training programmes on how to deal with difficult victims.
Originality/value
This study contributes to the existing literature on workplace incivility and work–life interface by supporting for the first time the notion that victim incivility can spill over into emergency workers' family domain and by clarifying how and when victim incivility is related to burnout symptoms.
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Qualified immunity is a defense available to law enforcement officials in Section 1983 lawsuits alleging constitutional violations. Whether qualified immunity is granted hinges on…
Abstract
Qualified immunity is a defense available to law enforcement officials in Section 1983 lawsuits alleging constitutional violations. Whether qualified immunity is granted hinges on the objective reasonableness of the officer’s actions; that is, on what a reasonable officer would have done under the circumstances. However, when a plaintiff alleges a Fourth Amendment violation, another objective reasonableness test is used. The result can be a paradoxical finding of reasonably unreasonable conduct. The present study examines this quizzical feature of civil liability law and seeks to clarify the role that both objective reasonableness tests play. In doing so, it examines the varying definitions of objective reasonableness, reviews a number of court decisions where the Fourth Amendment and qualified immunity have collided, and makes recommendations for minimizing future confusion.
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Dong‐Young Kim and Gerald Grant
The purpose of this paper is to propose a framework for assessing the maturity level of electronic government (e‐government).
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a framework for assessing the maturity level of electronic government (e‐government).
Design/methodology/approach
The conceptual framework is based on two models: the intellectual capital (IC) management and the capability maturity model integration (CMMI).
Findings
The framework is composed of four input areas (human capital, structural capital, relational capital, and IT investment) and five maturity stages (web presence, interaction, transaction, integration, and continuous improvement). These areas are assessed by using the IC management model and the CMMI model. Employing the IC management process enables not only practitioners to effectively manage resources, but also auditors to more objectively assess the input area. Using the CMMI model allows governments to conduct process‐based assessments.
Originality/value
The paper contributes to the literature and practice in the following ways. First, it outlines how to define and assess key attributes of e‐government activities. It can help governments to enhance the awareness and understanding of maturity levels of e‐government. Second, this research expands the scope of current studies on a maturity model by providing a balanced view between input factors (resources) and results (maturity stages). For practitioners, assessing the input factors enables them to realize how to prioritize strategies and resources. For academics, this attempt sheds light on the concepts of IC in e‐government studies. Third, considering the CMMI model will be helpful to conduct an objective and useful assessment. On the basis of a matrix for assessing maturity levels, governments can conduct self‐assessment and establish stable and mature implementation processes.
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Emma Angus, Mike Thelwall and David Stuart
The purpose of this research is to investigate general patterns of tag usage and determines the usefulness of the tags used within university image groups to the wider Flickr…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this research is to investigate general patterns of tag usage and determines the usefulness of the tags used within university image groups to the wider Flickr community. There has been a significant rise in the use of Web 2.0 social network web sites and online applications in recent years. One of the most popular is Flickr, an online image management application.
Design/methodology/approach
This study uses a webometric data collection, classification and informetric analysis.
Findings
The results show that members of university image groups tend to tag in a manner that is of use to users of the system as a whole rather than merely for the tag creator.
Originality/value
This paper gives a valuable insight into the tagging practices of image groups in Flickr.
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Purpose: Miscarriage is commonly understood as an involuntary, grieve-able pregnancy outcome. Abortion is commonly understood as a voluntary, if stigmatized, pregnancy outcome…
Abstract
Purpose: Miscarriage is commonly understood as an involuntary, grieve-able pregnancy outcome. Abortion is commonly understood as a voluntary, if stigmatized, pregnancy outcome that people do not typically grieve. This chapter examines a nexus of the involuntary and voluntary: how people who chose abortion following observation of a serious fetal health issue make sense of their experience and process associated emotions.
Design: The author draws on semi-structured interviews with cisgender women who had an observed serious fetal health issue and chose to terminate their pregnancy.
Findings: Findings highlight an initial prioritization of medical knowledge in pregnancy decision-making giving way, in the face of the inherent limits of medical knowability, to a focus on personal and familial values. Abortion represented a way to lessen the prospective suffering of their fetus, for many, and felt like an explicitly moral decision. Respondents felt relief after the abortion as well as a sense of loss. They processed their post-abortion emotions, including grief, in multiple ways, including through viewing – or intentionally not viewing – the remains, community rituals, private actions, and no formalized activity. Throughout respondents’ experiences, the stigmatization of abortion negatively affected their ability to obtain the care they desired and, for some, to emotionally process the overall experience.
Originality/Value: This chapter offers insight into the understudied experience of how people make sense of a serious fetal health issue and illustrates an additional facet of the stigmatization of abortion, namely how stigmatization may complicate people’s pregnancy decision-making process and their post-abortion processing.
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Henry H. Rossbacher, Tracy W. Young and Nanci E. Nishimura
Thoreau heartily accepted the motto, ‘that government is best which governs least’. Our forefathers braved treacherous oceans and alien lands emboldened by that belief, after…
Abstract
Thoreau heartily accepted the motto, ‘that government is best which governs least’. Our forefathers braved treacherous oceans and alien lands emboldened by that belief, after enduring the Crown's heavy hand invading and restricting their religious and personal lives. That is why, among the many freedoms embodied in our Constitution, the right to privacy was included in the Fourth Amendment to protect individuals from arbitrary intrusion by the state. The right has been fundamental to the establishment of a more tolerant society devoted to the principles of liberty and justice for all.