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Article
Publication date: 7 June 2011

L. Quintino, I. Fernandes and R.M. Miranda

The aim of this paper is to propose a model for international harmonization of the training and qualification of human resources for industrial professions. The outcome is a…

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Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this paper is to propose a model for international harmonization of the training and qualification of human resources for industrial professions. The outcome is a system based on training guidelines and a quality assurance methodology that is now in use in 42 countries around the world.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper describes the motivations that led to the development of the International System for the Training and Qualification of Welding Personnel. The structure of this system and the documents on which it is based are outlined.

Findings

The approach used has gained wide international acceptance. The progress achieved is analysed in the final part of the paper. More than 150,000 qualifications have so far been awarded around the world.

Practical implications

The need for a harmonized International System for the Training and Qualification of Welding Personnel has been recognized by industry and the authorities. The reference to this system in international standards and the general recognition of its reliability by stake holders is leading to its widespread use in more countries and by more professionals.

Originality/value

The harmonized international system for the qualification of human resources in welding technology is unique in Europe. The methodology used has proved to be successful and can be benchmarked for application in human resources development for other professions.

Details

Journal of European Industrial Training, vol. 35 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0309-0590

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Article
Publication date: 4 October 2011

Reviews the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoints practical implications from cutting‐edge research and case studies.

457

Abstract

Purpose

Reviews the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoints practical implications from cutting‐edge research and case studies.

Design/methodology/approach

This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context.

Findings

Education and training have been a key part of industry for many decades. Globalization, technological advancement and organizational change have combined to up the bar considerably and make these issues even more critical. If companies are to successfully compete on the worldwide stage, nurturing a workforce with the right knowledge and skills is an absolute must.

Practical implications

Provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world's leading organizations.

Originality/value

The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy‐to digest format.

Details

Development and Learning in Organizations: An International Journal, vol. 25 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1477-7282

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Article
Publication date: 20 November 2019

Afandi Agusman Aris, Haris Maupa, Mahlia Muis and Muhammad Idrus Tabba

This paper aims to examine and analyze the effects of government policy, quality of human resources and professional institutions on workforce competitiveness using welding…

1005

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to examine and analyze the effects of government policy, quality of human resources and professional institutions on workforce competitiveness using welding technology variable as a mediating variable.

Design/methodology/approach

This study used quantitative research by using partial least square – structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to analyze the collected data.

Findings

Based on the results of the analysis, it was noted that there was a significant influence between government policy, quality of human resources and professional institutions on welding technology. The coefficients are characterized by a positive direct relationship, which means that the higher the quality of government policy and human resources professionals variables, the higher the value of the institute of welding technology.

Social implications

This study recommends that government should create policies that have benefits to competitiveness of Indonesian workforce. Implications from this study support government to use the model to determine and initiate policies in the field of welding as well as establish clear and standardized operating standards and recruitment process (government apparatus) that can accommodate the competitiveness of welding workers in Indonesia.

Originality/value

The originality of this paper is that the participatory approach was adopted in this study using PLS-SEM. In addition, this study was one of the first studies to carry out research at the BNSP office, BLK-Bandung-Jakarta, Makassar, B4T and dismiss the Ministry of Manpower and the Ministry of Industry in Jakarta, Indonesia, where there was no research in this location. Previous studies conducted research in various case studies.

Details

Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management, vol. 10 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2053-4620

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Article
Publication date: 1 October 2021

Xi Chen, Youheng Fu, Fanrong Kong, Runsheng Li, Yu Xiao, Jiannan Hu and Haiou Zhang

The major problem that limits the widespread use of WAAM technology is the forming quality. However, most of the current research focuses on post-process detections that are…

537

Abstract

Purpose

The major problem that limits the widespread use of WAAM technology is the forming quality. However, most of the current research focuses on post-process detections that are time-consuming, expensive and destructive. This paper aims to achieve the on-line detection and classification of the common defects, including hump, deposition collapse, deviation, internal pore and surface slag inclusion.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper proposes an in-process multi-feature data fusion nondestructive testing method based on the temperature field of the WAAM process. A thermal imager is used to collect the temperature data of the deposition layer in real-time. Efficient processing methods are proposed in this paper, such as the temperature stack algorithm, width extraction algorithm and a classification model based on a residual neural network. Some features closely related to the forming quality were extracted, containing the profile image and width curve of the deposition layer and abnormal temperature features in longitudinal and cross-sections. These features are used to achieve the detection and classification of defects.

Findings

Thermal non-destructive testing is a potentially superior technology for in-process detection in the industrial field. Based on the temperature field, extracting the most relevant features of the defect information is crucial. This paper pushes current infrared (IR) monitoring methods toward real-time detection and proposes an in-process multi-feature data fusion non-destructive testing method based on the temperature field of the WAAM process.

Originality/value

In this paper, the single-layer and multi-layer WAAM samples are preset with various defects, such as hump, deposition collapse, deviation, pore and slag inclusion. A multi-feature nondestructive testing methodology is proposed to realize the in-process detection and classification of the defects. A temperature stack algorithm is proposed, which improves the detection accuracy of profile change and solves the problem of uneven temperature from arc striking to arc extinguishing. The combination of residual neural network greatly improves the accuracy and efficiency of detection.

Details

Rapid Prototyping Journal, vol. 28 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2546

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Article
Publication date: 10 May 2019

Fernanda Leão, Delfina Gomes and Garry D. Carnegie

The purpose of this paper is to study the portrayal of early accountants in the unfamiliar site of Portugal by examining Portuguese-language realist literature from the second…

592

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study the portrayal of early accountants in the unfamiliar site of Portugal by examining Portuguese-language realist literature from the second half of the nineteenth century.

Design/methodology/approach

Two popular literary works – Uma Família Inglesa (An English Family), written by Júlio Dinis and published in 1867, and Singularidades de uma Rapariga Loura (The Idiosyncrasies of a Young Blonde Woman), written by Eça de Queirós and published in 1873 – were examined through a qualitative content analysis.

Findings

The dimensions of the accounting stereotype discerned for the two early accounting practitioners featured in these works are portrayed as: modest; on-the-job trained practitioner; uncreative, conservative and unenergetic; honest financial manager; servant of the capitalist (i.e. merchant), and warm and sentimental. The accountant stereotype depicted from 1860s to 1870s period is similar to the conventional accountant stereotype, identified as the “traditional accountant” stereotype. Variations from this stereotype, however, are identified in the local, time-specific settings of Lisbon and Oporto.

Originality/value

The study’s portrayal of early accounting practitioners occurs during a period of transformation marked by liberalism. It augments an understanding of the image of early accounting practitioners, reflecting their social positioning at a time of significant social, economic, political and cultural changes, thereby contributing to an appreciation of the historical legacy of the accountant stereotype in continental Europe. Importantly, a taxonomy is proposed for content analysis that can be used and developed by future researchers.

Details

Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, vol. 32 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0951-3574

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Article
Publication date: 10 January 2023

Lokamanya Chikmath, M.N. Ramanath, Syed Imtiaz and H. Murthy

This paper aims to study the benefits of use of bi-adhesive (combination of two different adhesives) over conventional single adhesive in bonded lap joints. Characterise damage…

153

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to study the benefits of use of bi-adhesive (combination of two different adhesives) over conventional single adhesive in bonded lap joints. Characterise damage severity due to cohesive and adherent failure as feedback for operating load levels that assist in developing damage tolerance design of the adhesively bonded joints.

Design/methodology/approach

Single lap joint where the adherent plate is made up of aluminium alloy joined together with bi-adhesives is analysed. The nature of adhesives ranges from brittle, elastic-plastic, moderately ductile to largely ductile. Numerical analysis is performed considering the material and geometric non-linear behaviour of the joint. The optimum bond ratio of bi-adhesives and the effect of the location of adhesive on the stress distribution are studied. The cohesive zone modelling (CZM) is adopted to account for the cohesive failure of the joint. The adherent plate failure is also addressed by modelling and studying the behaviour of the crack at different locations in the plate using modified virtual crack closure integral (MVCCI).

Findings

The results obtained from the stress analysis show some important characteristic behaviour of the bi-adhesive joint. Although bi-adhesive is expected to result in improved joint strength, the purpose gets defeated if a brittle adhesive is used at the corners and ductile adhesive at the middle. The joint strength based on CZM, evaluated for a single adhesive, is in good comparison with the experimental results from the literature. Also, the location of the crack in the adherent plate plays a significant role in the failure of the joint.

Originality/value

Estimating joint strength for the bi-adhesive model using CZM and evaluating damage severity in the presence of de-bond and crack in the bi-adhesive lap joint model assists in developing robust damage tolerance design models of such joints.

Details

International Journal of Structural Integrity, vol. 14 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1757-9864

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 6 April 2020

Salim Çam and Adnan Özel

This study aims to investigate the effect of opposing notches formed on the adherends on the tensile strength of an adhesively bonded single-lap joint.

224

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the effect of opposing notches formed on the adherends on the tensile strength of an adhesively bonded single-lap joint.

Design/methodology/approach

Different notch geometries were constructed on adherends and evaluated by using the Taguchi method to obtain optimum notch geometry. Then finite element analysis was conducted considering optimum notch geometries by using the cohesive zone model. Lastly, finite element analysis results were validated experimentally.

Findings

Experimental and numerical studies revealed that notches formed on adherends increased the tensile strength of the joint. The failure load of the Type-III joint, where the highest increase was observed, increased by 15 per cent. In addition, it was found that the notch shape, length, depth and distance to the overlap area had significant effects on the failure load of the joint.

Originality/value

This study shows that higher joint strengths can be accomplished by using the same joint configuration by notching adherends.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 37 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 2013

A.B. Spierings, T.L. Starr and K. Wegener

Additive manufacturing technologies such as, for example, selective laser melting (SLM) offer new design possibilities for a wide range of applications and industrial sectors…

8016

Abstract

Purpose

Additive manufacturing technologies such as, for example, selective laser melting (SLM) offer new design possibilities for a wide range of applications and industrial sectors. Whereas many results have been published regarding material options and their static mechanical properties, the knowledge about their dynamic mechanical behaviour is still low. The purpose of this paper is to deal with the measurement of the dynamic mechanical properties of two types of stainless steels.

Design/methodology/approach

Specimens for dynamic testing were produced in a vertical orientation using SLM. The specimens were turned to the required end geometry and some of them were polished in order to minimise surface effects. Additionally, some samples were produced in the end geometry (“near net shape”) to investigate the effect of the comparably rough surface quality on the lifetime. The samples were tension‐tested and the results were compared to similar conventional materials.

Findings

The SLM‐fabricated stainless steels show tensile and fatigue behaviour comparable to conventionally processed materials. For SS316L the fatigue life is 25 per cent lower than conventional material, but lifetimes at higher stress amplitudes are similar. For 15‐5PH the endurance limit is 20 per cent lower than conventional material. Lifetimes at higher stress also are significantly lower for this material although the surface conditions were different for the two tests. The influence of surface quality was investigated for 316L. Polishing produced an improvement in fatigue life but lifetime behaviour at higher stress amplitudes was not significantly different compared to the behaviour of the as‐fabricated material.

Originality/value

In order to widen the field of applications for additive manufacturing technologies, the knowledge about the materials properties is essential, especially about the dynamic mechanical behaviour. The current study is the only published report of fatigue properties of SLM‐fabricated stainless steels.

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Article
Publication date: 4 September 2017

Shan Cao, Faqing He and Jinwei Gao

Important reserves of oil and gas, which are left to be discovered and produced, are mainly concentrated in challenging locations and under severe conditions such as high pressure…

567

Abstract

Purpose

Important reserves of oil and gas, which are left to be discovered and produced, are mainly concentrated in challenging locations and under severe conditions such as high pressure (HP)/high temperature (HT). The presence of aggressive environments including H2S, CO2 and chlorides plus HP/HT causes a series of corrosion problems, which cost the oil industry billions of dollars a year. Thus, there is an increasing challenge for tubes (i.e. oil country tubular goods, for short, OCTG) used in producing oil and gas. The purpose of this study is to summarize different kinds of corrosion problems and their mitigation, to more efficiently protect OCTG from corrosion.

Design/methodology/approach

To effectively select proper mitigation methods, the mechanism of corrosion must be understood, which can be classified into four categories: sweet corrosion, sour corrosion, galvanic corrosion and microbiologically induced corrosion. Also, the effects of environmental and material factors on the corrosion rate are presented. Subsequently, current technology of mitigating these corrosion problems has been discussed, including the development of materials, application of chemical inhibitors and application of protective layers.

Findings

It is stressed that limits exist for each individual mitigation method; therefore, a careful balance between economic life of OCTG and safety in operation is required.

Originality/value

The main purpose of this essay is to give a brief review and detailed introduction and analysis about those technologies.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 64 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 21 December 2023

Rafael Pereira Ferreira, Louriel Oliveira Vilarinho and Americo Scotti

This study aims to propose and evaluate the progress in the basic-pixel (a strategy to generate continuous trajectories that fill out the entire surface) algorithm towards…

1033

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to propose and evaluate the progress in the basic-pixel (a strategy to generate continuous trajectories that fill out the entire surface) algorithm towards performance gain. The objective is also to investigate the operational efficiency and effectiveness of an enhanced version compared with conventional strategies.

Design/methodology/approach

For the first objective, the proposed methodology is to apply the improvements proposed in the basic-pixel strategy, test it on three demonstrative parts and statistically evaluate the performance using the distance trajectory criterion. For the second objective, the enhanced-pixel strategy is compared with conventional strategies in terms of trajectory distance, build time and the number of arcs starts and stops (operational efficiency) and targeting the nominal geometry of a part (operational effectiveness).

Findings

The results showed that the improvements proposed to the basic-pixel strategy could generate continuous trajectories with shorter distances and comparable building times (operational efficiency). Regarding operational effectiveness, the parts built by the enhanced-pixel strategy presented lower dimensional deviation than the other strategies studied. Therefore, the enhanced-pixel strategy appears to be a good candidate for building more complex printable parts and delivering operational efficiency and effectiveness.

Originality/value

This paper presents an evolution of the basic-pixel strategy (a space-filling strategy) with the introduction of new elements in the algorithm and proves the improvement of the strategy’s performance with this. An interesting comparison is also presented in terms of operational efficiency and effectiveness between the enhanced-pixel strategy and conventional strategies.

Details

Rapid Prototyping Journal, vol. 30 no. 11
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2546

Keywords

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