Salah Merah, Lahcene Larabi, Omar Benali and Yahia Harek
This paper aims to show the effectiveness of methyl red (MR) alone and in combination with KI as corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in 0.5 M H2SO4.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to show the effectiveness of methyl red (MR) alone and in combination with KI as corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in 0.5 M H2SO4.
Design/methodology/approach
Corrosion rates charge transfer resistance values were determined using gravimetric and electrochemical techniques. The efficiency of inhibition was calculated by comparing corrosion rates and charge transfer resistance values in absence and presence of the inhibitor, while the mechanism of inhibition was proposed by considering temperature influence on corrosion and inhibition processes.
Findings
The inhibition efficiency of MR increased with concentration and synergistically increased in the presence of the KI. Polarisation curves reveal that MR is a mixed type inhibitor. Changes in impedance parameters were indicative of adsorption of MR on the metal surface. The trend of inhibition efficiency with temperature suggests that inhibitor molecules are physically adsorbed on the corroding metal surface in the absence of KI and chemically adsorbed in its presence. MR was found to obey Langmuir adsorption isotherm both with and without KI.
Originality/value
Electrochemical techniques have been used for the first time to study synergistic effect of MR dye and potassium iodide on inhibition of corrosion of carbon steel in H2SO4.The results suggest that the mixture (MR + KI) could find practical application in corrosion control in aqueous acidic environment.
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Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the inhibition efficiency of 1‐methyl 2‐mercapto imidazole (MMI) in controlling the corrosion of carbon steel in sulphuric acid and to study its action mechanism.
Design/methodology/approach
The effect of concentration, immersion time and temperature on the behaviour of this inhibitor has been studied using weight loss, d.c. polarisation and a.c. polarisation techniques.
Findings
The results show that MMI is a mixed type inhibitor. Changes in impedance parameters (charge transfer resistance, Rt; and double layer capacitance, Cdl) were indicative of adsorption of MMI on the metal surface, leading to the formation of a protective film that grew with the increasing exposure time. Adsorption of MMI on the carbon steel is found to obey the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The inhibition efficiency of MMI is temperature‐independent and its addition leads to a small increase in activation corrosion energy.
Research limitations/implications
Surface analytical techniques such as X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Auger spectroscopy can enlighten more on the mechanism of corrosion inhibition.
Originality/value
A survey of literature has shown that no work using electrochemical techniques has yet been done on MMI as corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in sulfuric acid.
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Innocent Okechi Arukalam, Innocent Chimezie Madufor, Okoro Ogbobe and Emeka E. Oguzie
– The paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) as corrosion inhibitor for aluminium in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution.
Abstract
Purpose
The paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) as corrosion inhibitor for aluminium in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution.
Design/methodology/approach
This study was carried out using weight loss and electrochemical techniques. Inhibition efficiency was determined by comparing the corrosion rates in the absence and presence of inhibitor system. Quantum chemical computations were performed using density functional theory to assess the parameters responsible for the inhibition process and also to analyse the local reactivity of the molecule.
Findings
HPMC inhibited aluminium corrosion in the acidic environment. The inhibition efficiency was found to depend on concentration of the inhibitor. Impedance results reveal that HPMC is adsorbed on the corroding metal surface. Polarization results show that the dissolution reaction is due to destabilization of the passive oxide film on the Al surface. Adsorption of the inhibitor is approximated by Freundlich adsorption isotherm and the calculated standard free energy of adsorption indicates weak physical interaction between the inhibitor molecules and aluminium surface. This can be attributed to preferential interaction of the active sites with the passive oxide layer. The calculated quantum chemical parameters show good correlation with the inhibition efficiency.
Practical implications
HPMC could find possible application as a polymeric thickener and additive to improve corrosion resistance and barrier properties of anticorrosion paints.
Originality/value
This paper provides novel information on the inhibitive characteristics of HPMC under the stated conditions. The inhibitor systems provide an effective means for suppressing aluminium corrosion even in highly aggressive acidic environments.
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Younes El Kacimi, Mouhsine Galai, Khaoula Alaoui, Rachid Touir and Mohamed Ebn Touhami
The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of silicon and phosphorus content in steel suitable for galvanizing on its corrosion and inhibitor adsorption processes in…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of silicon and phosphorus content in steel suitable for galvanizing on its corrosion and inhibitor adsorption processes in steels/cetyltrimethylammonium bromide combined and KI (mixture)/5.0 M hydrochloric acid systems has been studied in relation to the temperature using chemical (weight loss), Tafel polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electronic microscope (SEM) analysis and Optical 3D profilometry characterization. All the methods used are in reasonable agreement. The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters for each steels corrosion and inhibitor adsorption, respectively, were determined and discussed. Results show that the adsorption capacity for Steel Classes A and B are better than Steel Class C surfaces depending on their silicon and phosphorus content. Surface analyses via SEM and Optical 3D profilometry was used to investigate the morphology of the steels before and after immersion in 5.0 M HCl solution containing mixture. Surface analysis revealed improvement of corrosion resistance of Steels Classes A and B in the presence of mixture more than Classes C. It has been determined that the adsorbed protective film on the steels surface heterogeneity markedly depends on steels compositions, that is, the heterogeneity increases with decreasing silicon and phosphorus content.
Design/methodology/approach
The effect of silicon and phosphorus content in Steels Classes A, B and C on its corrosion and inhibitor mixture adsorption processes in 5.0 M HCl solution has been studied by weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization, EIS and surface analysis.
Findings
The inhibition efficiency of mixture follows the order: (Steel Class A) > (Steel Class B) > Steel Class C) and depends on their compositions in the absence of mixture according on their silicon and phosphorus content, that is, the corrosion rate increases with increasing of the silicon and phosphorus content. A potentiodynamic polarization measurement indicates that the mixture acts as mixed-type inhibitor without changing the mechanism of corrosion process for the three classes of mild steels.
Originality/value
Corrosion rate mild steels in 5.0 M HCl depends on their compositions in the absence of mixture according to their silicon and phosphorus content, that is, the corrosion rate increases with increasing silicon and phosphorus content. The adsorbed protective film on the steels surface heterogeneity markedly depends on steels class’s compositions, that is, the heterogeneity increases with decreasing silicon and phosphorus content.
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A.M. Shah, A.A. Rahim, S. Yahya, P.B. Raja and S.A. Hamid
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the corrosion inhibition potential of mangrove (Rhizopora apiculata) tannin in hydrochloric acid medium on copper with the view of…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the corrosion inhibition potential of mangrove (Rhizopora apiculata) tannin in hydrochloric acid medium on copper with the view of developing a natural corrosion inhibitor.
Design/methodology/approach
The mangrove tannin was extracted from the mangrove bark and its anticorrosion potential was studied by weight loss, electrochemical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis.
Findings
It has been found that the mangrove tannin effectively inhibits the corrosion on copper metal in hydrochloric acid solution. The results of the electrochemical and weight loss methods showed that the inhibition efficiency of mangrove tannin increases with increasing its concentration. Inhibition is achieved through the adsorption of tannin molecules onto the copper surface and the adsorption follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. SEM study also supports the adsorption of the inhibitor molecules onto the copper surface.
Originality/value
In this paper, mangrove tannin has been studied for the first time as a potential copper corrosion inhibitor in hydrochloric acid medium. The anticorrosion effect of tannin has been proven by standard methods. This natural inhibitor could find use in industries where copper is used as a fabrication metal.
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Aida Zaabar, Razika Aitout, Laid Makhloufi, Kamel Belhamel and Boualem Saidani
– The aim of this research was to investigate the use of aqueous extracts of nettle plant (NE) as a green corrosion inhibitor of mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution.
Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this research was to investigate the use of aqueous extracts of nettle plant (NE) as a green corrosion inhibitor of mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution.
Design/methodology/approach
The inhibition efficiency was investigated by weight loss measurements, potentiodynamic polarizations, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, SEM observations and EDX analysis.
Findings
The inhibition efficiency increased with an increase in concentration of NE up to a critical concentration of 1.5×10−3 g · cm−3 where the highest inhibition efficiency of 97 percent was obtained. The adsorption of the inhibitor was spontaneous (reflected by the negative value of ΔGads0), supported the mechanism of physical adsorption and obeyed to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The inhibition action of the extracts was independent on the storage time; it could be conserved without any specific conditions of time and temperature.
Research limitations/implications
The anticorrosion effect can be better understood when the active compound in the extracts is identified and what is the inhibition efficiency of one component in the presence of another in the mixture (synergetic or antagonist effects).
Practical implications
Nettle is a healthy plant, without particular toxicity that can find possible applications as environmentally friendly inhibitor of mild steel used as materials in food industry.
Originality/value
Aqueous nettle extracts were studied for the first time as corrosion inhibitor and its anticorrosion effect was proven by standard methods.
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To investigate the efficacy of Telfaria occidentalis extract as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 2 M HCl and 1 M H2SO4 solutions, respectively, and to assess the effect of…
Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the efficacy of Telfaria occidentalis extract as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 2 M HCl and 1 M H2SO4 solutions, respectively, and to assess the effect of temperature and halide additives on the inhibition efficiency.
Design/methodology/approach
Corrosion rate was monitored by careful volumetric measurement of the evolved hydrogen gas at fixed time intervals. Inhibition efficiency was determined by comparing the corrosion rates in the absence and presence of additive. Attempts were made to elucidate the inhibition mechanism from the trend of inhibition efficiency with temperature. The adsorption mode of inhibiting species in the extract was assessed by considering the influence of both acid and halide ions on inhibition efficiency.
Findings
Telfaria occidentalis extract inhibited mild steel corrosion in 2 M HCl and 1 M H2SO4 solutions. Inhibition efficiency increased with extract concentration but decreased with rise in temperature. Synergistic effects increased the efficiency of the extract in the presence of halide additives in the order KCl<KBr<KI. Protonated species in the extract composition played a vital role in the inhibiting action.
Originality/value
This paper provides new information on the inhibiting characteristics of Telfaria occidentalis extract under the specified conditions. This environmentally friendly inhibitor could find possible applications in metal surface anodising and surface coatings.
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The purpose of this paper is to carry out laboratory studies of the inhibition effect of tyrosine (Tyr) on the corrosion of low chromium alloy steel (ASTM A213 grade T22) in 7 wt…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to carry out laboratory studies of the inhibition effect of tyrosine (Tyr) on the corrosion of low chromium alloy steel (ASTM A213 grade T22) in 7 wt percent sulfamic acid solutions.
Design/methodology/approach
The corrosion inhibitive effect of Tyr was investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and the new technique electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM).
Findings
It was found that the inhibition efficiency increased with increasing inhibitor concentration, while a decrease was detected with the rise of temperature and stirring speed. The corrosion inhibition is due to physical adsorption of Tyr on the steel surface. Adsorption of the inhibitor molecule, onto the steel surface follows the Temkin's adsorption isotherm.
Originality/value
The obtained results from both methods (EIS and EFM) at different experimental conditions were in high agreement and almost similar. This is an indication that the EFM technique can be used efficiently for monitoring the corrosion inhibition under the studied conditions.
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To investigate the efficacy of Congo red dye (CR) as an inhibitor of the acid corrosion of mild steel and aluminium alloy (AA 1060) and to assess the influence of halide ions on…
Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the efficacy of Congo red dye (CR) as an inhibitor of the acid corrosion of mild steel and aluminium alloy (AA 1060) and to assess the influence of halide ions on the inhibition efficiency.
Design/methodology/approach
Corrosion rates were estimated by monitoring the weight losses of the metal specimen as a function of time at different temperatures. Inhibition efficiency was determined by comparing the corrosion rates in the acid medium in the absence and presence of the additive.
Findings
CR dye reduced the corrosion rates of mild steel and aluminium in the acidic environment. Better inhibition was observed with the mild steel specimen. Protection efficiency was sensitive to inhibitor concentration as well as temperature and generally increased with an increase in CR dye concentration. The halide additives improved the inhibition efficiency in the order KCl < KBr < KI.
Research limitations/implications
The inhibiting effect of CR dye was studied within a fixed concentration range, which could be expanded for further studies. The same applies to the CR+halide systems. Also, the dye structure could be modified by introducing different functional groups, and the effect on inhibition efficiency investigated.
Practical implications
The research findings could find practical application in corrosion control in aqueous acidic environments.
Originality/value
This paper provides new information on the inhibiting characteristics of CR dye under the specified conditions, as a guide to possible applications in metal surface anodizing and surface coatings.
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Ioannis A Kartsonakis, Elias P. Koumoulos, Antonis Karantonis, Costas A. Charitidis, S Dessypris and A Monos
The purpose of this paper is to perform the evaluation of copper susceptibility to corrosion in industrial cooling systems. Microstructure and defects of copper are observed…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to perform the evaluation of copper susceptibility to corrosion in industrial cooling systems. Microstructure and defects of copper are observed, while divergences from optimum structure are discussed.
Design/methodology/approach
Various types of corrosion are examined. Electrochemical techniques such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarisation are applied in these materials, using corrosion inhibitors. Microscopic observations and electrochemical measurements are interpreted according to possible mechanistic scenarios.
Findings
It is evident that, under specific conditions (e.g. high pH), water cooling ingredients can enhance corrosion, leading to significant copper mass loss from the inner surface of the pipe and thus leading to failure.
Originality/value
Evaluation of copper corrosion in cooling industrial systems was done, as well as studies of copper corrosion in sodium chloride.