Pawel Rzucidlo, Grzegorz Henryk Kopecki, Klaus deGroot, Anna Kucaba-Pietal, Robert Smusz, Mariusz Szewczyk and Marek Szumski
This paper aims to describe an idea for an integration process and tests of flight parameters measurement system, which supports infrared thermography (IRT) boundary layer mapping.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to describe an idea for an integration process and tests of flight parameters measurement system, which supports infrared thermography (IRT) boundary layer mapping.
Design/methodology/approach
The study of flow changes in the boundary layer with the use of IRT requires registration of the thermal images of the selected area of a wing or the fuselage, as well as synchronous recording of flight parameters. These tasks were realized by the supplementary measurement system mounted on the PW-6U glider. Two examples of the determination of the laminar-turbulent transition areas on the left wing of a PW-6U glider are also presented in the paper.
Findings
Optical methods can be used in several research areas, for example, aerodynamics and strength analysis. For instance, the measurement of the infrared radiation from surfaces with the use of IRT can be used for the measurement, with high accuracy, of surface temperature distribution. Moreover, the thermography is used for the analysis of the boundary layer. Performed in-flight experiments confirm the possibility of practical usage of the IRT method even on the board of a glider.
Practical implications
The use of optical methods will, in many cases, be less expensive than assembly of an additional measurement and data acquisition systems. Implementation of optical methods for industrial purposes has many advantages, and, hence, they will probably become very common in the future.
Originality/value
The study introduces advanced measurement and visualization techniques in general aviation.
Details
Keywords
Since November 1989, East Germany (like other former eastern bloc nations) has found that economic progress has come at a slow and painful pace. These efforts, however, have been…
Abstract
Since November 1989, East Germany (like other former eastern bloc nations) has found that economic progress has come at a slow and painful pace. These efforts, however, have been unique since they have involved reunification with sisters and brothers in the west. A three‐year study was conducted with German business consultants, many of whom are involved in either outplacement or career development services. The study is in two phases: face‐to‐face interviews in Germany in early 1993; and follow‐up surveys and telephone contacts between November 1995 and January 1996. Results indicate that reunification has so far resulted in growth of GDP and that East Germans are as a whole a talented group that are integrating into the economy. However, adjustment to a capitalist economy continues to be difficult psychologically for these employees and unemployment continues to remain fairly high throughout Germany. Their experiences also appear to reflect a greater trend globally ‐ powerful economies unable to create enough quality jobs for their populace, which then leads to job loss or fear of job loss. Knowledge of these results can assist career professionals in working with the workforce in Germany, as well as in other nations recovering from the Soviet regime.
Details
Keywords
International employment continues to grow for the industrializednations as their economies become more interdependent. An example ofthis trend involves Germany and the US…
Abstract
International employment continues to grow for the industrialized nations as their economies become more interdependent. An example of this trend involves Germany and the US employment and career issues which need to be considered when consulting abroad. Research was conducted in order to compare and contrast German and US outplacement/career practices. Specific interview impressions were gathered from several outplacement/career management professionals in Germany. Provides details about outplacement consulting services, differences in employee/career aspects between German and US employees, and the unique challenges faced by German employees. Although many outplacement services are similar between the two nations, German consultants appear to provide more of an “administrative” focus when working with German employees, whereas the US consulting firms provide more of a “sales” focus. German employees have historically had more employment protections than their counterpart US employees. However, political and economic changes in Germany are more volatile than those experienced in the USA. The “safety net” for German employees is beginning to crumble, and with these changes come insecurity and emotional distress. Knowledge of these nuances can assist career professionals in working with a German workforce.