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Firms with gender diverse boards have been shown to have increased transparency and disclosure, resulting in reduced information asymmetry, which is a key factor influencing stock liquidity. This paper explores the influence of information asymmetry resulting from board gender diversity on stock liquidity. We examine the impact of gender diverse firms on stock liquidity in US listed firms from 2006 to 2022, capturing 28,280 firm-year observations across 4,349 firms. Using mediation models, we distinguish between direct and mediated effects to examine the impact of gender diverse boards on three dimensions of stock liquidity. We find a positive and significant relation between board gender diversity and stock liquidity, and our findings highlight the substantial mediating role of information disclosure in this association. To address concerns of endogeneity, we use instrumental variables regression, and our conclusions remain robust to a range of alternatives.

To investigate the association between board gender diversity and stock liquidity and the underling mechanism that drives the relation, we utilize a dataset comprising 4,349 listed US firms from 2006 to 2022. We adopt a comprehensive approach to measure stock liquidity that spans three dimensions: Amihud illiquidity (LIQ) as a representation of price impact, the quoted spread (SPREAD) to gauge transaction costs and the stock turnover (TURNOVER) to assess trading frequency. To evaluate board gender diversity, we examine female directors and female independent directors, utilizing both the percentage and the presence (as a binary variable).

The results of our analysis reveal not only a statistically significant effect of board gender diversity on liquidity but also demonstrate its economic significance. One standard deviation increase in the percentage of female directors (12% more female directors) is associated with a 5.8% decrease in price impact, a 5.1% reduction in transaction costs and a 3% increase in trading frequency. These findings highlight the material economic importance of the relationship, which stands in contrast to previous studies reporting only a 1% change in average stock liquidity in the Australian stock markets (Ahmed and Ali, 2017). To further investigate the underlying mechanism driving the association between board gender diversity and liquidity, we employ mediation models to separate the direct and mediated channels. Our results indicate that the effects of the percentage of female directors are mediated on liquidity (LIQ, SPREAD, and TURNOVER) through information disclosure, albeit with a relatively small magnitude (mediation proportion is 18.2, 3.9 and 22.9%, respectively).

We include a comprehensive set of variables in our analysis and adopt an instrumental approach to mitigate endogeneity concern. However, we acknowledge the possibility of omitted variable biases or reverse causality in our empirical analysis.

Our study contributes to the understanding of the association between board gender diversity and stock liquidity, focusing on the underlying mechanisms. Gender diversity on boards enhances corporate governance, leading to reduced managerial opportunism (Adams and Ferreira, 2009; Nielsen and Huse, 2010). This, in turn, increases information transparency and results in increased stock liquidity. By exploring the empirical evidence of the impact of gender diverse boards on stock liquidity through the information channel, we provide valuable insights to the existing literature. Our study uses US data to examine this association, addressing the small sample concerns of prior research that may have contributed to inconsistent findings.

This research can drive both economic and social transformations as it provides evidence that gender diverse boards lead to improved market outcomes.

Our study differs from previous research by incorporating all three dimensions of liquidity, ensuring a comprehensive analysis. Through our investigation, we aim to deepen understanding of how gender diversity on corporate boards shapes market dynamics and contributes to understanding of corporate governance and market efficiency. Our study investigates how the impact occurs by employing mediation models to separate the direct and mediated channels of impact. We show that the effects of gender diverse boards on liquidity are mediated through information disclosure.

Early clinical accounts of psychopathy suggest important relationships between alcohol use and psychopathic traits that lead to fantastic and uninviting behavior. In particular, alcohol was thought to facilitate antisocial behavior, including violence, among psychopathic individuals. The purpose of this paper is to report a review of studies that concurrently examine psychopathy and alcohol in relation to violent behavior.

The authors searched electronic databases (PsycInfo, PUBMED) for all published studies between January 1960 and October 2016 that included the combination of alcohol and psychopathy, antisocial personality and violence, aggression.

The evidence converges to indicate that, in college and community samples, self-reported antisocial lifestyle traits interact with alcohol use to predict violence beyond that accounted for by either construct. However, in correctional and clinical samples, there is no evidence that the use of alcohol increases violence for individuals high in clinically measured antisocial lifestyle traits.

This is the first review of the empirical literature on relationships among psychopathy, alcohol, and violence. The authors provide recommendations for future research designed to fill gaps in the literature and lead to a greater understanding of the interplay among these variables.

In this volume, we take the baton from previous editors Dave Ketchen and Don Bergh in the Research Methodology in Strategy and Management series. Our approach is to stand on the shoulders of these editors and authors who have published in the series. So, we begin, in this chapter, by highlighting innovative work published in this volume that has provided actionable and practical suggestions for problems researchers face in their work. We briefly describe the chapters, including the first two chapters in this volume from Kathleen M. Eisenhardt and Dennis Gioia, and introduce new methodologies and tools to guide researchers in their efforts to build high quality, publishable work. We also describe future work that, in our view, needs to be addressed for the fields of strategic management in particular and management more generally to continue to evolve.

People with intellectual disabilities are high users of acute hospital care. Given their varied and often complex health-care needs, they often experience health inequalities and inequities, contributing to poorer health outcomes. As nurses are the largest health-care workforce with a patient-facing role, they have an important responsibility in meeting this populations health needs. The purpose of this paper is to explore key issues relating to the role nurses play in providing equitable health care for people with intellectual disabilities.

This service feature draws upon relevant literature to examine key contextual issues highlighting the importance of nurses in providing equitable health care for people with intellectual disabilities.

The findings from this service feature highlight the importance of nurses taking a leadership role in advocating for, and actively supporting the health needs of people with intellectual disabilities. Nurses’ leadership role, along with implementing reasonable adjustments, should be underpinned by education and training relating to the bespoke health needs of people with intellectual disabilities. This should help nurses promote the health and well-being of this population.

Addressing this populations health needs is a collective responsibility of all nurses. There are many examples of how nurses can be supported through policy, education, training and advocacy and this needs to be considered by key stakeholders and addressed as a matter of priority.

This study aims to work toward understanding the entrepreneurship ecosystem of agricultural social enterprises in the Philippines by exploring the interactions between policy, culture, supports and human capital domains.

The authors considered using an exploratory single-embedded case study approach, involving methodological triangulation of document analysis, semistructured interviews and participant observation. The authors analyzed the data using a narrative approach to map the ecosystem.

Through the research, the authors discovered that while each domain functions effectively individually, disconnects exist when interacting collectively as an ecosystem. The authors come to know that there is no policy consensus on social enterprise definitions, which limits specialized policy support. Although support services like incubators are available, the authors observed that awareness and accessibility vary based on location and business maturity. The authors also noted that human capital helps translate concepts into frameworks, but research tailored to agriculture and social entrepreneurship is limited. The authors come to the conclusion that collaboration and openness across domains are needed to strengthen connections and synergies.

The study was geographically limited to Luzon Island, and the authors did not include the finance and markets domains of the ecosystem model in the analysis.

Based on the findings, the authors identify strategies to reinforce connections, such as increasing awareness of support services, developing tailored policies for social enterprises, conducting specialized research and promoting collaboration across domains. The authors are convinced that implementing these strategies can further develop the agricultural social entrepreneurship ecosystem.

The study provides unique empirical insights into the agricultural social entrepreneurship ecosystem in the Philippines. The authors captured the narratives and experiences of key ecosystem stakeholders along the process. The authors have confidence that what the authors found can strategically guide policymakers and support organizations, educational institutions and social entrepreneurs to accelerate ecosystem development for greater social impact.

This study aims to analyze the experiences of a closed cohort of aspiring leaders and connects the university and school district partnership relationship to building the leadership capacity of the cohort. This study builds on previous literature in district-university partnerships and leadership preparation. Powerful learning experiences (PLEs) and interpersonal-intrapersonal leadership development models serve as frames to examine how aspects of successful leadership preparation programs were present.

This qualitative study was conducted with a team of researchers from the university and school district and relies on data from semi-structured interviews with students from the closed cohort.

Researchers identified three major themes of aspiring leaders' preparation experience: confidence building, reflection and mindset change.

This study contributes to the emerging literature on PLEs by illustrating how this type of partnership creates opportunities for powerful learning experiences for aspiring school leaders.