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Book part
Publication date: 5 November 2021

Poppy L. McLeod and Y. Connie Yuan

The chapter provides a brief review of team diversity research from its roots in group composition and workforce demographics through recent trends toward dynamic multilevel…

Abstract

The chapter provides a brief review of team diversity research from its roots in group composition and workforce demographics through recent trends toward dynamic multilevel models. The divergence from this research area's early motivations in social justice and inclusion to a primarily economic motivation is highlighted. The chapter also reviews major theories that have been used to explain diversity effects in team interactions and outcomes. The review leads to a discussion of three broad critiques of mainstream diversity research, namely a predominance of US cultural outlook, a narrow disciplinary base in organization sciences and psychology, and inadequate attention and overly simplistic perspective on communication processes. The chapter ends with implications for team diversity research and a discussion of how the suggestions can be applied to emerging dimensions of diversity.

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The Emerald Handbook of Group and Team Communication Research
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80043-501-8

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Article
Publication date: 27 June 2020

P. Suresh, P. Mathiyalagan and K.S. Srikanth

The article explores the effect of sintering temperature on the ferroelectric hysteresis behavior of the synthesized ceramic material Ba0.9Ca0.05Sr0.05T0.85Zr0.15O3 (BCSTZO). It…

63

Abstract

Purpose

The article explores the effect of sintering temperature on the ferroelectric hysteresis behavior of the synthesized ceramic material Ba0.9Ca0.05Sr0.05T0.85Zr0.15O3 (BCSTZO). It describes how the sintering temperature and its holding time have effect on the polarization-electric field (P-E) loops which is an important characteristic of a ferroelectric material. From the P-E loops obtained, various representative parameters like remnant polarization and coercive field values were extracted and scaling results were systematically established using them.

Design/methodology/approach

The present article describes the establishment of scaling relations for coercive field (Ec), remnant polarization (Pr) and back switching polarization (Pbc) as a function of temperature which have been obtained from P-E loops sintered at various temperature and time. This is because sintering temperature plays a pivotal role in determining the hysteresis parameters.

Findings

The temperature dependent scaling of Ec and Pr at sintering temperature of 1400, 1425, 1450 and 1475 °C yields EcαT0.40, EcαT0.80, EcαT0.47, EcαT0.29 and PrαT−1.72, PrαT−1.55, PrαT−1.72, PrαT−1.69 respectively. Further the scaling relations for the samples sintered at 1450 °C at different time interval of 3, 4, 5 and 6 h was also established to bring the effect of sintering in switching the ferroelectric hysteresis parameters.

Originality/value

The findings of this work will prove beneficial for the researchers working in optimization of sintering parameters and will benefit researchers selecting best material among the fabricated samples for further property enhancement. The optimized sample could be explored for multifunctional applications ranging from pyroelectric voltage to piezoelectric energy harvesting. In addition to this, the scaling results help to understand the nature of ferroelectric parameters with sintering. This may open up new avenues for studying the scaling behavior of dynamic hysteresis in synthesized material by focusing on hysteresis area as a function of applied electric fields, frequency and temperature. This reason owes to the fact that electric field and frequency are important parameters for a number of applications like sensor, transducers and medical applications.

Details

Multidiscipline Modeling in Materials and Structures, vol. 17 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1573-6105

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Book part
Publication date: 4 August 2017

Jennifer Feitosa, Lorena Solis and Rebecca Grossman

To summarize and build on research that explores the influence of culture on team dynamics, particularly over time. Specifically, we explore culture and teams from a dynamic…

Abstract

Purpose

To summarize and build on research that explores the influence of culture on team dynamics, particularly over time. Specifically, we explore culture and teams from a dynamic perspective by providing a framework for understanding both how culture influences team dynamics over time, and where interventions should be targeted at different points to maximize the potential benefits of cultural diversity.

Methodology/approach

Drawing from a prominent model of team development (Kozlowski, Gully, Nason, & Smith, 1999), we provide mechanisms through which culture exerts an influence, as well as the practical approaches that will be best suited for mitigating potential negative effects at different points in time.

Findings

We focus on the following phases: team formation, task compilation, role compilation, team compilation, as well as team maintenance. At first, surface-level characteristics and subgroup formation should be closely monitored along with interventions to develop a group identity when teams are being formed. Later on, emergent states (e.g., trust, conflict) can come to the forefront as team members can develop multiple memberships or yet be resistant to performing in an adaptive manner.

Research limitations/implications

We identify key avenues for future research to serve as a foundation for those studying the cultural diversity within teams via temporal lens, including the role of context and going beyond Hofstede’s cultural dimensions.

Originality/value

Albeit research has started to accumulate regarding how culture influences teams through conflict, communication, trust, cohesion, and creativity, this chapter goes beyond current development to address when different cultural elements influence team dynamics.

Details

Team Dynamics Over Time
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78635-403-7

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Book part
Publication date: 24 August 2017

Amy C. Edmondson and Jean-François Harvey

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Abstract

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Extreme Teaming
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78635-449-5

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Article
Publication date: 8 April 2016

K. Viswanath Allamraju and Srikanth Korla

Purpose is to design the energy harvesters and to know the limit of the application of load on the PZT material. Fatigue failures of the designed products is merely bothering the…

129

Abstract

Purpose

Purpose is to design the energy harvesters and to know the limit of the application of load on the PZT material. Fatigue failures of the designed products is merely bothering the modern engineers and scientists for the research communities of all fields. Especially in the field of Micro Electromechanical Systems (MEMS), durability of low power systems is very important under the climates of both at high temperature and low temperature zones. And also continuous electrical power requirement is important for the MEMS and wireless sensor networks. Electricity is the greatest crisis in the world on one side and on the other side, durability of smart devices such as mobile phones, laptops, compact devices, computer spare parts are unrecyclicable batteries for reducing the rate of pollution in the environment.

Design/methodology/approach

By considering these problems, authors have taken up a research in finding the first fatigue characteristics, which are fatigue failure and durability of ferroelectric material as lead zirconate titanate, and then designed the scavenging device by using harmonically excited vibrations for getting optimum power output which is about 15.6 mW.

Findings

Under the resonance operated condition at the frequency of about 50 Hz, a prototype of scavenging device is about 90 V AC peak-to-peak voltage and the durability of scavenging device is 9.715 years.

Originality/value

Durability of PZT at different environmental conditions plays a very important role for the continuous function of low power devices. The output of PZT may change when the working time increases in addition with the mechanical properties.

Details

World Journal of Engineering, vol. 13 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1708-5284

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Book part
Publication date: 17 February 2025

Hanna Górska-Warsewicz

Branding in the labor market is an important issue due to the growing importance of brand. This study aimed to analyze the term of trust in the employee- and employer-based brand

Abstract

Branding in the labor market is an important issue due to the growing importance of brand. This study aimed to analyze the term of trust in the employee- and employer-based brand equity for gray-, blue-, and white-collar workers using bibliometric analysis. The study design included the formulation of three research questions. Bibliometric data comprised 205 employee-based brand equity publications and 40 employer-based brand equity publications from the Scopus database. The analysis involved quantitative measures such as the number of publications and citations as well as the frequency of source types, authors, and countries. VOSviewer software mapped the co-occurrence of keywords in employee- and employer-based brand equity publications. These mappings revealed eight clusters related to employee-based brand equity publications and four clusters in terms of employer-based brand equity publications. The issue of trust has been analyzed in publications on employee-based brand equity; no such studies have been noted for employer-based brand equity. Employee- and employer-based brand equity has not been analyzed for various collar workers.

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Future Workscapes: Strategic Insights and Innovations in Human Resources and Organizational Development
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83608-932-2

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Book part
Publication date: 22 July 2013

Stefano Brusoni and Andrea Prencipe

This chapter adopts a problem-solving perspective to analyze the competitive dynamics of innovation ecosystems. We argue that features such as uncertainty, complexity, and…

Abstract

This chapter adopts a problem-solving perspective to analyze the competitive dynamics of innovation ecosystems. We argue that features such as uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity, entail different knowledge requirements which explain the varying abilities of focal firms to coordinate the ecosystem and benefit from the activities of their suppliers, complementors, and users. We develop an analytical framework to interpret various instances of coupling patterns and identify four archetypical types of innovation ecosystems.

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Collaboration and Competition in Business Ecosystems
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78190-826-6

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Book part
Publication date: 10 August 2016

Stephen Tallman and Mitchell P. Koza

The Globally Networked Organization (GNO) is an archetype of the geographically distributed, globally integrated, and organizationally networked information-age multinational…

Abstract

The Globally Networked Organization (GNO) is an archetype of the geographically distributed, globally integrated, and organizationally networked information-age multinational enterprise. While its organizational form has been widely discussed, methods for providing strategic direction to all or part of a GNO have been largely overlooked. We propose the concept of strategic animation as an innovative leadership approach to strategic management in the GNO and offer a set of guiding principles for installing such a system in organizations. Strategic animation employs sophisticated incentives to motivate voluntary buy-in, utilizing principles of self-organization to replace the command and control of the unitary firm and the uncertainty and transactional costs of real markets. This makes possible virtual integration of the multiple highly separable businesses that comprise the value-added proposition of the firm and encourages the development of emergent processes for both exploitation and renewal of assets. From a scholarly perspective, this model suggests a new framework for studying the strategic direction of GNOs. For practice, it offers an organizational solution to conditions where process control is preferred, but command of resources is limited. Strategic animation, set in motion through multiple managerial actions, facilitates the timely and flexible responses to chaotic environments that are the sine qua non of today’s global businesses.

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Perspectives on Headquarters-subsidiary Relationships in the Contemporary MNC
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78635-370-2

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Article
Publication date: 31 May 2023

Pettis Kent, Enno Siemsen and Xiaofeng Shao

This paper enhances our understanding of how national culture impacts manufacturing performance (assembly speed, consistency between teams, etc.) during a production process…

429

Abstract

Purpose

This paper enhances our understanding of how national culture impacts manufacturing performance (assembly speed, consistency between teams, etc.) during a production process move. The authors also investigate the efficacy of co-location as a strategy to enhance knowledge transfer from one organization to another.

Design/methodology/approach

To study the impact of national culture on production process moves, the authors develop and employ a team-based behavioral experiment within and between an individualist society (the United States) and a collectivist one (China). The authors also examine the impact of co-location on knowledge transfer effectiveness within and between these two unique cultures.

Findings

Interestingly, co-location has little impact on the performance of US recipient teams. Without co-location, Chinese recipient team performance lags significantly behind the US teams. However, firms can overcome these knowledge transfer challenges by co-locating source and recipient team members. These results suggest that firms should assess the national cultural context when considering co-location to manage their production move. There are contexts where co-location may be incredibly useful to facilitate an effective knowledge transfer (e.g. collectivist cultures like China) and contexts where this approach may not be as valuable (e.g. individualistic cultures such as the United States).

Originality/value

This research contributes to the academic literature in several ways. First, while past research demonstrates that national culture can be an essential barrier to information and knowledge sharing, this paper extends these findings showing that co-location may effectively overcome this barrier. After the authors offer and test the merits of co-location, they also establish the boundary conditions of this approach by showing that the effect of co-location on knowledge transfer is contingent on the cultural context. This contribution enhances our understanding of the relationship between national culture and knowledge sharing and has implications for managers developing approaches to transfer knowledge between cultures. Second, the authors develop and execute a novel cross-country experimental design. While cross-country experiments have been done before (e.g. Ozer et al. 2014, Kuwabara et al. 2007, etc.), it is still rare to see such experiments due to them being “technically difficult and costly” (Ozer et al. 2014, p. 2437). This research not only offer insights into how teams of people from individualist and collectivist societies send, receive and comprehend production knowledge. It also documents how these teams convert this knowledge into production results.

Details

International Journal of Operations & Production Management, vol. 44 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-3577

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Book part
Publication date: 11 August 2014

Stephen Tallman

The concept of the “business model” is increasingly popular in the strategy literature as a way to outline an integrated approach to value creation, delivery, capture, and…

Abstract

The concept of the “business model” is increasingly popular in the strategy literature as a way to outline an integrated approach to value creation, delivery, capture, and allocation. It addresses firm strategy but also the resources and capabilities needed to support that strategy and the structure needed to operationalize it. The global marketplace challenges our concepts of all parts of the business model, yet business-model concepts tend not to consider the effects of location or geographical dispersion on the viability of business models. The value of resources and capabilities to customer needs vary from country to country, forcing strategies to adapt. Institutional factors limit structural possibilities in global, regional, and national markets. Currency values, tax regulations, consumer protection and the like make capturing value for the firm and its network much more than simply designing profit margins into pricing structures. This paper offers an integrated but modular approach to the business model, applying concepts from international business studies to show that the very concept of business models as well as each part of the puzzle must be adapted to deal with much greater complexity in the relationships between the environment and the firm in the globalizing marketplace.

Details

Multidisciplinary Insights from New AIB Fellows
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78441-038-4

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