R. Israeli, K.D. Ofer and U. Bloch
MARCIS is a cooperative cataloguing system using the MARC tapes. Its primary goals are to create a machine‐readable file of each library's holding, to output catalogues in various…
Abstract
MARCIS is a cooperative cataloguing system using the MARC tapes. Its primary goals are to create a machine‐readable file of each library's holding, to output catalogues in various forms as needed by the libraries and to maintain a union catalogue of all participating libraries. MARC tapes are converted to random files on discs. Records are retrieved for each library who then may change and modify any record within its file. From this updated file catalogues are printed for the library. Library records that are not on the MARC tapes can be added to the system.
Valery J. Frants, Jacob Shapiro and Vladimir G. Voiskunskii
All items listed may be borrowed from the Aslib Library, except those marked, which may be consulted in the Library.
Lintner’s (1956) survey revealed that managers are concerned about dividend signalling over time, and adopt a smoothing policy. In addition to signalling, dividend policy may…
Abstract
Lintner’s (1956) survey revealed that managers are concerned about dividend signalling over time, and adopt a smoothing policy. In addition to signalling, dividend policy may affect a firm’s re‐investment opportunities, particularly if it is capital constrained. In this paper, we examine the interaction between dividend smoothing/signalling and optimal re‐investment. We develop a dividend policy model that considers both an optimal level of dividends (and re‐investment) at each point in time, and optimal smoothing over time. Our model provides both theoretical insights, and provides a practical management tool for dividend policy.
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Seyed Ashkan Zarghami and Ofer Zwikael
A variety of buffer allocation methods exist to distribute an aggregated time buffer among project activities. However, these methods do not pay simultaneous attention to two key…
Abstract
Purpose
A variety of buffer allocation methods exist to distribute an aggregated time buffer among project activities. However, these methods do not pay simultaneous attention to two key attributes of disruptive events that may occur during the construction phase: probability and impact. This paper fills this research gap by developing a buffer allocation method that takes into account the synergistic impact of these two attributes on project activities.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper develops a three-step method, calculating the probability that project activities are disrupted in the first step, followed by measuring the potential impact of disruption on project activities, and then proposing a risk-informed buffer allocation index by simultaneously integrating probability and impact outputs from the first two steps.
Findings
The proposed method provides more accurate results by sidestepping the shortcomings of conventional fuzzy-based and simulation-based methods that are purely based on expert judgments or historical precedence. Further, the paper provides decision-makers with a buffer allocation method that helps in developing cost-effective buffering and backup strategies by prioritizing project activities and their required resources.
Originality/value
This paper develops a risk-informed buffer allocation method that differs from those already available. The simultaneous pursuit of the probability and impact of disruptions distinguishes our method from conventional buffer allocation methods. Further, this paper intertwines the research domains of complexity science and construction management by performing centrality analysis and incorporating a key attribute of project complexity (i.e. the interconnectedness between project activities) into the process for buffer allocation.
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Matthew J.W. McLarnon, Ian R. Gellatly, David A. Richards and Ofer Arazy
Past research on the motivational processes underpinning knowledge sharing has assumed that the sharing processes are similar for all individuals. Yet, sharing is a fundamental…
Abstract
Purpose
Past research on the motivational processes underpinning knowledge sharing has assumed that the sharing processes are similar for all individuals. Yet, sharing is a fundamental affiliative behavior, and the sharing processes can differ between people. This study aims to propose and test a model of the moderating influence that employee attachment patterns have on the theory of reasoned action (TRA)-defined knowledge sharing processes.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors administered a questionnaire to 1,103 employees from a range of industries who participated in an online Qualtrics survey. Advanced forms for structural equation modeling and latent profile analysis were used to assess the proposed model.
Findings
The results revealed that participants in the study exhibited the latent profiles corresponding to secure, dismissive, preoccupied and fearful patterns. The preoccupied cohort had the lowest knowledge sharing behavior, yet the strongest links within the sharing process. Secure, dismissive and fearful had similar sharing levels, but the strength of the TRA-defined processes differed. These findings underscore equifinality: although sharing may be approximately equal across different attachment patterns, the fundamental processes underpinning sharing differ.
Research limitations/implications
The authors used self-report data, given that sharing attitudes, norms and intentions may not be overly amenable to ratings even from well-acquainted others. Further, the use of advanced analytical methods helps to minimize common method concerns. Additionally, causal mechanisms underscoring the TRA have been demonstrated (Ajzen and Fishbein, 2005), allowing us to explore the moderating role of attachment patterns.
Practical implications
This study speaks to the importance of considering employees’ attachment patterns, and developing comprehensive intra-organizational norms, policies and systems that support and encourage knowledge sharing from employees with a variety of attachment patterns.
Originality/value
This study uniquely contributes to knowledge sharing literatures by incorporating attachment patterns as moderators within the TRA-defined sharing processes. The authors provide important insights on the role of individuals’ attachment patterns have for knowledge sharing behaviors, but also highlight how structure of knowledge sharing differed across subgroups of employees, determined based on their dispositional attachment pattern.
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This special “Anbar Abstracts” issue of the Journal of Product & Brand Management is split into ten sections covering abstracts under the following headings: Marketing strategy;…
Abstract
This special “Anbar Abstracts” issue of the Journal of Product & Brand Management is split into ten sections covering abstracts under the following headings: Marketing strategy; Customer service; Pricing; Promotion; Marketing research; Product management; Channel management; Logistics and distribution; New product development; Purchasing.