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Article
Publication date: 14 August 2017

Fei Cheng, Kai Liu, Mao-Guo Gong, Kaiyuan Fu and Jiangbo Xi

The purpose of this paper is to design a robust tracking algorithm which is suitable for the real-time requirement and solves the mistake labeling issue in the appearance model of…

132

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to design a robust tracking algorithm which is suitable for the real-time requirement and solves the mistake labeling issue in the appearance model of trackers with the spare features.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper proposes a tracker to select the most discriminative randomly projected ferns and integrates a coarse-to-fine search strategy in this framework. First, the authors exploit multiple instance boosting learning to maximize the bag likelihood and select randomly projected fern from feature pool to degrade the effect of mistake labeling. Second, a coarse-to-fine search approach is first integrated into the framework of multiple instance learning (MIL) for less detections.

Findings

The quantitative and qualitative experiments demonstrate that the tracker has shown favorable performance in efficiency and effective among the competitors of tracking algorithms.

Originality/value

The proposed method selects the feature from the compressive domain by MIL AnyBoost and integrates the coarse-to-fine search strategy first to reduce the burden of detection. This paper designs a tracker with high speed and favorable results which is more suitable for real-time scene.

Details

International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics, vol. 10 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1756-378X

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Article
Publication date: 17 September 2024

Bingzi Jin, Xiaojie Xu and Yun Zhang

Predicting commodity futures trading volumes represents an important matter to policymakers and a wide spectrum of market participants. The purpose of this study is to concentrate…

88

Abstract

Purpose

Predicting commodity futures trading volumes represents an important matter to policymakers and a wide spectrum of market participants. The purpose of this study is to concentrate on the energy sector and explore the trading volume prediction issue for the thermal coal futures traded in Zhengzhou Commodity Exchange in China with daily data spanning January 2016–December 2020.

Design/methodology/approach

The nonlinear autoregressive neural network is adopted for this purpose and prediction performance is examined based upon a variety of settings over algorithms for model estimations, numbers of hidden neurons and delays and ratios for splitting the trading volume series into training, validation and testing phases.

Findings

A relatively simple model setting is arrived at that leads to predictions of good accuracy and stabilities and maintains small prediction errors up to the 99.273th quantile of the observed trading volume.

Originality/value

The results could, on one hand, serve as standalone technical trading volume predictions. They could, on the other hand, be combined with different (fundamental) prediction results for forming perspectives of trading trends and carrying out policy analysis.

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Article
Publication date: 27 July 2021

Xiaohuan Liu, Degan Zhang, Ting Zhang, Jie Zhang and Jiaxu Wang

To solve the path planning problem of the intelligent driving vehicular, this paper designs a hybrid path planning algorithm based on optimized reinforcement learning (RL) and…

814

Abstract

Purpose

To solve the path planning problem of the intelligent driving vehicular, this paper designs a hybrid path planning algorithm based on optimized reinforcement learning (RL) and improved particle swarm optimization (PSO).

Design/methodology/approach

First, the authors optimized the hyper-parameters of RL to make it converge quickly and learn more efficiently. Then the authors designed a pre-set operation for PSO to reduce the calculation of invalid particles. Finally, the authors proposed a correction variable that can be obtained from the cumulative reward of RL; this revises the fitness of the individual optimal particle and global optimal position of PSO to achieve an efficient path planning result. The authors also designed a selection parameter system to help to select the optimal path.

Findings

Simulation analysis and experimental test results proved that the proposed algorithm has advantages in terms of practicability and efficiency. This research also foreshadows the research prospects of RL in path planning, which is also the authors’ next research direction.

Originality/value

The authors designed a pre-set operation to reduce the participation of invalid particles in the calculation in PSO. And then, the authors designed a method to optimize hyper-parameters to improve learning efficiency of RL. And then they used RL trained PSO to plan path. The authors also proposed an optimal path evaluation system. This research also foreshadows the research prospects of RL in path planning, which is also the authors’ next research direction.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 39 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

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Article
Publication date: 14 March 2018

Keryn Chalmers, David Hay and Hichem Khlif

In 2001, the US moved to regulate internal control reporting by management and auditors. While some jurisdictions have followed the lead of the US, many others have not. An…

4548

Abstract

In 2001, the US moved to regulate internal control reporting by management and auditors. While some jurisdictions have followed the lead of the US, many others have not. An important question, therefore, is the relevance of internal control to stakeholders. The more specific issue of the benefits of US-style regulation of internal control reporting is also topical. We review studies on the determinants of internal control quality and its economic consequences for stakeholders including investors, creditors, managers, auditors and financial analysts. We extend previous reviews by focusing on US studies published since 2013 as well as all non-US studies investigating IC quality including countries regulating IC disclosure as well as unregulated settings and both developed and developing economies. In doing so, we identify research questions where evidence remains mixed and new directions in which there are research opportunities.

Three main insights arise from our analysis. First, evidence on the economic consequences of internal control quality suggests that the quality of internal control can have a significant effect on decision making by users of financial information. Second, the results of research on the empirical association between ownership structure, certain board characteristics and internal control quality is generally mixed. Empirical evidence concerning the association between audit committee characteristics and internal control quality generally supports a positive and significant association. Finally, while studies in non-US jurisdictions are increasing, opportunities remain to explore the determinants and consequences of internal control in other jurisdictions. Our review provides evidence for policy makers of whether there are benefits from requiring management and auditors to report on internal control over financial reporting.

Details

Journal of Accounting Literature, vol. 42 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0737-4607

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Book part
Publication date: 14 December 2018

Hangjun Yang, Qiong Zhang and Qiang Wang

In this chapter, we will review the history, deregulation, policy reforms, and airline consolidations and mergers of the Chinese airline industry. The measurement of airline…

Abstract

In this chapter, we will review the history, deregulation, policy reforms, and airline consolidations and mergers of the Chinese airline industry. The measurement of airline competition in China’s domestic market will also be discussed. Although air deregulation is still ongoing, the Chinese airline industry has become a market-driven business subject to some mild regulations. Then, we will review the impressive development of the high-speed rail (HSR) network in China and its effects on the domestic civil aviation market. In general, previous studies have found that the introduction of HSR services has a significant negative impact on airfare and air travel demand in China. The rapidly expanding network of HSR has important policy implications for Chinese airlines.

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Article
Publication date: 17 April 2023

Ping Li, Zhipeng Chang and Wenhe Chen

To maintain the bottom line of food import risk in China, this paper proposes a novel risk state evaluation model based on bottom-line thinking after analyzing the decision-making…

111

Abstract

Purpose

To maintain the bottom line of food import risk in China, this paper proposes a novel risk state evaluation model based on bottom-line thinking after analyzing the decision-making ideas embedded in the bottom-line thinking method.

Design/methodology/approach

First, the order relation analysis method (G1 method) and Laplacian score (LS) are applied to calculate the constant weights of indexes. Then, the worst-case scenario of food import risk can be estimated to strive for the best result, so the penalty state variable weight function is introduced to obtain variable weights of indexes. Finally, the study measures the risk state of China's food import from the overall situation using the set pair analysis (SPA) method and identifies the key factors affecting food import risk.

Findings

The risk states of food supply in eight countries are in the state of average potential and partial back potential as a whole. The results indicate that China's food import risks are at medium and upper-medium risk levels in most years, fluctuating slightly from 2010 to 2020. In addition, some factors are diagnosed as the primary control objects for holding the bottom line of food import risk in China, including food output level, food export capacity, bilateral relationship and political risk.

Originality/value

This paper proposes a novel risk state evaluation model following bottom-line thinking for food import risk in China. Besides, SPA is first applied to the risk evaluation of food import, expanding the application field of the SPA method.

Details

Kybernetes, vol. 53 no. 9
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0368-492X

Keywords

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Book part
Publication date: 14 December 2018

Wenyi Xia, Kun Wang and Anming Zhang

This chapter reviews three main issues in the interactions between air transport and high-speed rail (HSR) in China, namely the interaction between low-cost carriers (LCCs) and…

Abstract

This chapter reviews three main issues in the interactions between air transport and high-speed rail (HSR) in China, namely the interaction between low-cost carriers (LCCs) and HSR, HSR speed effect on airlines, and airline–HSR integration. Studies on these three aspects of airline–HSR interactions have yet been well reviewed, and our chapter aims to fill in this gap. In this chapter, we comprehensively survey literature on the topics, especially studies on Chinese markets that have recently witnessed major HSR developments (and have planned further large-scale HSR expansion in the coming years). Our review shows that, first, compared to full-service carriers, LCCs face fiercer competition from HSR. However, the expansion of HSR network in China can be better coordinated with LCC development. Second, HSR speed exerts two countervailing effects on airline demand and price (the “travel-time” effect and “safety” effect, respectively). Specifically, an HSR speed reduction can have a positive effect on airlines due to longer HSR travel time, but a negative effect on airlines due to improved perception on HSR safety. Third, airline–HSR integration can be implemented through cooperation between airlines and HSR operators and through co-location of airports and HSR stations and can have important implications for intermodal transport and social welfare.

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Article
Publication date: 7 August 2017

Ke Zhang, Qiupin Zhong and Yuan Zuo

The purpose of this paper is to overcome the shortcomings of existing multivariate grey incidence models that cannot analyze the similarity of behavior matrixes.

148

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to overcome the shortcomings of existing multivariate grey incidence models that cannot analyze the similarity of behavior matrixes.

Design/methodology/approach

First, the feasibility of using gradient to measure the similarity of continuous functions is analyzed theoretically and intuitively. Then, a grey incidence degree is constructed for multivariable continuous functions. The model employs the gradient to measure the local similarity, as incidence coefficient function, of two functions, and combines local similarity into global similarity, as grey incidence degree by double integral. Third, the gradient incidence degree model for behavior matrix is proposed by discretizing the continuous models. Furthermore, the properties and satisfaction of grey incidence atom of the proposed model are research, respectively. Finally, a financial case is studied to examine the validity of the model.

Findings

The proposed model satisfies properties of invariance under mean value transformation, multiple transformation and linear transformation, which proves it is a model constructed from similarity perspective. Meanwhile, the case study shows that proposed model performs effectively.

Practical implications

The method proposed in the paper could be used in financial multivariable time series clustering, personalized recommendation in e-commerce, etc., when the behavior matrixes need to be analyzed from trend similarity perspective.

Originality/value

It will promote the accuracy of multivariate grey incidence model.

Details

Grey Systems: Theory and Application, vol. 7 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2043-9377

Keywords

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Book part
Publication date: 12 January 2012

Ioannis N. Lagoudis

There is significant amount of literature tackling different issues related to the port industry. The present chapter focuses on a single business unit of seaports aiming at the…

Abstract

There is significant amount of literature tackling different issues related to the port industry. The present chapter focuses on a single business unit of seaports aiming at the documentation of works related to container terminals.

An effort to review, collect and present the majority of the works present in the last 30 years, between 1980 and 2010, has been made in order to picture the problems dealt and methods used by the authors in the specific research field. To facilitate the reader, studies have been grouped under five categories of addressed problems (productivity and competitiveness, yard and equipment utilization, equipment scheduling, berth planning, loading/unloading) and four modelling methodologies (mathematics and operations research, management and economics, simulation, stochastic modelling).

The analysis shows that most works focus on productivity and competitiveness issues followed by yard and equipment utilisation and equipment scheduling. In reference to the methodologies used managerial and economic approaches lead, followed by mathematics and operations research.

In reference to future research, two fields have been identified where there is scope of significant contribution by the academic community: container terminal security and container terminal supply chain integration.

The present chapter provides the framework for researchers in the field of port container terminals to picture the so far works in this research area and enables the identification of gaps at both research question and methodology level for further research.

Details

Maritime Logistics
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78052-340-8

Keywords

Available. Content available
Book part
Publication date: 30 June 2023

Lisa M. Given, Donald O. Case and Rebekah Willson

Free Access. Free Access

Abstract

Details

Looking for Information
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80382-424-6

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