Alan J. Greco and Jack T. Hogue
Discusses the findings of research into the development ofmarketing decision support systems. States that MDSS represents a breakwith traditional, more rigid management…
Abstract
Discusses the findings of research into the development of marketing decision support systems. States that MDSS represents a break with traditional, more rigid management information systems development, offering a developmental approach. Offers a framework for MDSS development together with possible applications for such support systems, based on case‐study analysis.
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Alan J. Greco and Jack T. Hogue
Discusses the findings of research into the development ofmarketing decision support systems. States that MDSS represents a breakwith traditional, more rigid management…
Abstract
Discusses the findings of research into the development of marketing decision support systems. States that MDSS represents a break with traditional, more rigid management information systems development, offering a developmental approach. Offers a framework for MDSS development together with possible applications for such support systems, based on case study analysis.
Details
Keywords
Alan J. Greco and Jack T. Hogue
Presents a foundation for the development of marketing decisionsupport systems (MDSS). Argues that traditional management informationsystems typically follow a sequential flow…
Abstract
Presents a foundation for the development of marketing decision support systems (MDSS). Argues that traditional management information systems typically follow a sequential flow through analysis, design, and implementation; MDSS involves a developmental approach emphasizing iteration and evaluation through the various stages. Surmises that MDSS offers marketing managers the advantages of an interactive system to supply them with useful information to help improve decision making.
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Marilyn J. Davidson, Glenice J. Wood and Jack T. Harvey
Previous US research has consistently revealed females reporting lower pay expectations and entitlements compared to their male counterparts. The purpose of this paper is to…
Abstract
Purpose
Previous US research has consistently revealed females reporting lower pay expectations and entitlements compared to their male counterparts. The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether these gender differences still exist, specifically in British and Australian business students, or whether there has been a generation shift in attitudes.
Design/methodology/approach
Quantitative data were analysed from 481 (252 females and 229 males) university students, on their responses to what they “expected” to earn five years after graduation and what they thought they “deserved” to earn. Students from two British universities (n=285) and two Australian universities (n=196) participated.
Findings
Results revealed that the presence of very high values (outliers) reported by a small proportion of male respondents led to apparent gender differences in perceived entitlement (deserved salary). However, appropriately modified analyses showed no significant gender differences in expected salary, deserved salary or salary difference. Differences were observed between countries; in the UK expectations and views on deserved salary were higher than those expressed in Australia. In addition, in both countries' students from higher ranking universities expected higher salaries and believed they deserved a higher salary.
Research limitations/implications
The sample is restricted to University business students and may not generalise to other groups.
Practical implications
Implications of these findings reflect on gender pay inequities, along with methodological issues for future research.
Originality/value
This paper challenges the long‐held view that, in general, males have more positive expectations of their future salaries than females. While this has been reported in the past, the paper illustrates that in a contemporary sample across two countries, the great majority of male and female students had very similar expectations for their future salary. The paper proposes some explanations that may account for this phenomenon. The only clear gender difference observed was the presence of a small proportion of males with extremely high salary expectations; the paper highlights the necessity for appropriate statistical analysis of such highly skewed data.
Helen Elliott, Belinda Winder, Ellie Manby, Helen Edwards and Rebecca Lievesley
The purpose of this paper is to explore the views and experiences of probation staff working with individuals convicted of a sexual offence who have been prescribed medication to…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the views and experiences of probation staff working with individuals convicted of a sexual offence who have been prescribed medication to manage sexual arousal (MMSA).
Design/methodology/approach
Semi-structured interviews were utilised with a sample of probation staff (offender supervisors and managers, n=12), who supervise individuals convicted of a sexual offence, either in prison, or post-release in the community. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.
Findings
Two main themes emerged: barriers for probation staff and suspicious but hopeful. Theme 1 encapsulates factors that prevent probation staff from engaging with MMSA; theme 2 highlighted the samples’ uncertainty and mistrust of the use of medication as a potential tool for risk management and scepticism about individuals’ motivations, particularly in the community.
Research limitations/implications
The main limitation of this study was the differing levels of knowledge the sample had about MMSA and their subsequent ability to discuss MMSA other than in a theoretical sense.
Practical implications
Practical implications include the need for further training for probation staff, improved collaboration between departments and ongoing support for staff to support the success of the MMSA intervention.
Originality/value
This study offers a novel perspective on MMSA – that of the probation staff supervising prisoners taking MMSA. This has not been explored before, and the findings and associated implications are of importance for the treatment and care of those convicted of sexual offences.
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John Taylor and William Lindsay
De‐institutionalisation and resettlement have had a significant impact on offenders with learning disabilities (LD) who are now more visible in the wider community than before…
Abstract
De‐institutionalisation and resettlement have had a significant impact on offenders with learning disabilities (LD) who are now more visible in the wider community than before. Perhaps because of the challenges presented by people who were previously contained in institutions, there has been a growth of interest in their characteristics, the services and clinical interventions required to support them.This narrative review presents and discusses recent developments concerning offenders with LD. It looks at the historical association between crime and low intelligence, and then examines the evidence concerning the prevalence of offending by people with LD and recidivism rates. Recent research concerning service pathways for this population is summarised and progress in the development of actuarial, dynamic and clinical assessments of the future risk of offending is outlined.The second half of the paper focuses on a review of the evidence for and recent developments in the treatment of offending behaviour (anger/aggression, sexual offending and fire‐setting), utilising broadly cognitive behaviourally‐based approaches. Finally, future directions for research and practice innovation are proposed.
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Rachel Worthington and Sarah Rossetti
Public attitudes are considered influential in the successful reintegration of offenders into society after release, however research into attitudes towards offenders with…
Abstract
Purpose
Public attitudes are considered influential in the successful reintegration of offenders into society after release, however research into attitudes towards offenders with intellectual disability (ID) has received little attention. The purpose of this study is firstly to see if people hold differing attitudes towards the reintegration of offenders with ID compared to those without ID and secondly, to investigate whether this difference in attitude is because of differing implicit theories of intelligence (TOI). The effects of familiarity with ID were also measured.
Design/methodology/approach
In total, 200 participants read crime vignettes depicting crimes committed by offenders with and without ID and completed Dweck’s “TOI” scale.
Findings
Participants were found to have greater entity views of intelligence towards ID yet displayed more positive attitudes towards their reintegration than offenders without ID. The influence of demographics was mixed. It would appear attitudes towards offenders with ID are not as negative as initially thought.
Research limitations/implications
Implications of these findings are discussed in terms of desistance and community integration.
Practical implications
While some care must be taken when interpreting the results, this study demonstrates positive results regarding the reintegration of offenders with ID. Attitudes may be changing for the better towards those with disabilities, which is positive in terms of the government and National Health Service (NHS) objectives to reintegrate people with ID successfully back into the community. Although limited in number, it is noted that community forensic mental health teams have been effective in managing offender risk and providing good quality care (Dinani,et al.,2010; Benton and Roy, 2008). They can provide more person-centred and specialist treatments options and have links with other community services, probation and the police (Royal College of Psychiatrists, 2014).
Social implications
Community care is thought to lead to more timely treatments with more accessible support teams and services that those with ID would struggle to access in prison (Bradley, 2009). It can also lead to greater well-being and support as individuals are in a less restrictive environment and are closer to their social networks, acting as a protective factor against further reoffending (Benton & Roy, 2008; Bradley, 2009). Furthermore, it has been indicated significant financial savings would be achieved for the criminal justice system by reducing inpatient care and increasing community services and sentences, in addition to reducing the demand on prison spaces (Bradley, 2009; Benton & Roy, 2008).
Originality/value
To date, very few studies have used TOI to examine attitudes towards offenders, with none examining attitudes towards offenders with ID.