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Abstract
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Mylene Lagarde and Anthony Scott
This chapter reviews the evidence on the role of physicians in shaping inequalities in access to and utilisation of healthcare. The authors examine three types of physician…
Abstract
This chapter reviews the evidence on the role of physicians in shaping inequalities in access to and utilisation of healthcare. The authors examine three types of physician decisions that can influence inequalities in access and utilisation: location decisions, decisions to work in the public and/or private sector, and decisions or behaviours in the doctor–patient encounter. For each, the authors summarise the issues and empirical evidence on possible policies to help reduce inequalities in access. Future research to reduce inequalities should focus on changes to health systems that influence physician decisions, such as health insurance expansions, the public–private mix and financial incentives, as well as physician training and policies for a more diverse physician workforce.
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Jonathan Crush and Wade Pendleton
The paper presents the results and discusses the implications of a national survey of South African health professionals which found extraordinarily high levels of dissatisfaction…
Abstract
The paper presents the results and discusses the implications of a national survey of South African health professionals which found extraordinarily high levels of dissatisfaction with working and living conditions in the country. Emigration potential is very high, and retention strategies have been largely unsuccessful. The survey findings suggest that remedial efforts within South Africa will not slow the brain drain. This has serious negative repercussions for the quality and level of health care available to patients in the country. The only workable retention strategy is for Western countries to stop issuing immigration and work permits to South African health professionals, a policy that would be consistent with their attitude to most other South African workers. However, as long as health professional shortages continue in Western countries and their immigration policy remains divorced from their international development policy, this scenario seems unlikely.
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Reviews the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoints practical implications from cutting‐edge research and case studies.
Abstract
Purpose
Reviews the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoints practical implications from cutting‐edge research and case studies.
Design/methodology/approach
This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context.
Findings
When a British TV program ran a poll to discover the nation's greatest living icon, the top‐ten shortlist provided a few surprises. Possibly surprising to many was that the Queen didn't even get a look in – but the greater surprise for others might be that not a single business leader even got the whiff of a chance to gain the crown.
Practical implications
Provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world's leading organizations.
Originality/value
The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy‐to digest format.
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Ovidiu Nicolescu and Ciprian Nicolescu
– The paper aims to analyse typology of dynamic management studies and their specificity.
Abstract
Purpose
The paper aims to analyse typology of dynamic management studies and their specificity.
Design/methodology/approach
The study analyses more than 200 studies published in English, French and Romanian management literature in the last 15 years. The data analysis follows a qualitative methodology.
Findings
The study provides: four classifications of the dynamic managerial approach and their specificity; and the main advantages and limits of dynamic management analysis.
Research limitations/implications
Further research should use the classifications, advantages and limits identified to investigate certain dynamic management analyses and formulate conclusions and recommendations for better dynamic managerial analysis.
Practical implications
The paper highlights the specificity of different types of dynamic management analyses, that are often underestimated by researchers, professors, managers, students etc. The findings could be used by management practitioners to better understand the management evolution and performance of different organizations, to elaborate company strategy and policy, to change organizational culture a.s.o.
Social implications
The increasement of social evaluation and prognosis quality.
Originality/value
In the international management literature, the paper provides the first classification of dynamic management studies and their specificity and the synthesis of the main advantages and limits of dynamic management studies for both management theoreticians and practitioners. These elements are useful to increase the value of dynamic management studies and to improve management practices in organizations.
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This paper aims to focus on changes in the way in which business‐to‐business companies are responding to customer and market pressures for higher service and relational…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to focus on changes in the way in which business‐to‐business companies are responding to customer and market pressures for higher service and relational investments, and the need for new capabilities in managing the business risk in the company's customer portfolio. The paper seeks to propose a model of the strategic sales organization as a basis for management review of how to realign sales, account management, and marketing processes around customers to achieve and sustain superior customer value.
Design/methodology/approach
The study traces the emergence of new pressures and mandates which are changing management thinking about the “front‐end” of organizations and edging companies towards a revolution in the role of sales, account management and marketing comparable to earlier reinventions in operations and supply chain strategy.
Findings
The outcome of the review is a model of the imperatives for the strategic sales organization.
Practical implications
The model produced in the review provides a tool or framework for executive consideration of the strategic sales issue, both in evaluating the strategic role and performance of the existing sales and account management structures and in designing new roles for delivering competitive strength in the future.
Originality/value
While the strategic role of the sales organization has been discussed in the literature, this paper provides a practical framework for executives to use in addressing the potential role of the strategic sales organization. The framework also highlights promising research directions for marketing and sales scholars.
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The primary purpose of this research paper is to understand the role of national cultural dimensions on e‐learning practices in India. India is considered a major player in the…
Abstract
Purpose
The primary purpose of this research paper is to understand the role of national cultural dimensions on e‐learning practices in India. India is considered a major player in the world economy today. US multinationals are significantly increasing their presence in India and understanding cultural preferences will help global companies transition better.
Design/methodology/approach
This conceptual paper uses the national cultural dimensions of the global leadership and organizational behavior effectiveness project, which is identified as the most topical theoretical framework on culture. The national cultural scores are used to develop hypotheses for specific cultural dimensions. Examples from the literature are also used to strengthen the proposed hypotheses.
Findings
This research proposes that national cultural dimensions of power distance, uncertainty avoidance, in‐group collectivism, and future‐orientation influence e‐learning practices. This study distinguishes between synchronous and asynchronous methods of e‐learning and the role of culture on the same. Future research can definitely empirically test the hypotheses proposed.
Practical implications
This study provides strategic implications for multinationals with a guide sheet identifying the role of the various cultural dimensions on e‐learning. The suggested strategies can be implemented by multinationals in other countries with similar national cultural dimensions also.
Originality/value
This research also proposes a theoretical e‐learning model identifying the impact of national cultural dimensions on e‐learning practices. This research also provides practitioners a strategic implications model that could be implemented for e‐learning initiatives in multinationals.
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Discusses how marketing practice is competitively evolving as airlines, in a code‐sharing environment, seek to be more effective, efficient and profitable. It complements changes…
Abstract
Discusses how marketing practice is competitively evolving as airlines, in a code‐sharing environment, seek to be more effective, efficient and profitable. It complements changes to airline structures in routeing, staffing levels and technology, and by establishing strong brand presence is a means for customer attraction, retention and network expansion. Distribution channels are changing as travel agencies are affected by airlines’ direct sales and Internet‐based interactive communication. Traditional segmentation tactics directed to business travellers, through frequent flyer programmes and premium services, are threatened by businesses economising, staff reductions and the increasing importance of the leisure traveller. An overview of international practice is taken and points illustrated, where appropriate, by examples of specific airlines.
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The purpose of this paper is to examine human resource management (HRM) practices of the top 25 companies identified as “best” in India in 2011. This paper provides insights into…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine human resource management (HRM) practices of the top 25 companies identified as “best” in India in 2011. This paper provides insights into HRM practices of a leading country in Asia that is playing a very important role in the global economy.
Design/methodology/approach
This conceptual paper will use for its research analysis the business reports of the Outlook Business Magazine and AON Hewitt. AON Hewitt is a global human resource consulting company and is an established authority in identifying “best” companies in India since 2004. A qualitative content analysis was done of the business report to identify predominant themes.
Findings
The analysis identified how the “best” 25 Indian companies offer progressive HRM practices that required careful investment and collaboration. This research showcases seven specific HRM themes that include elaborate staffing, investment in learning, work–life balance, egalitarian practices, developmental performance culture, generous benefits and engagement initiatives.
Practical implications
This paper provides preliminary guidelines for global practitioners who may be interested in doing business in India. It also provides a model of “best” HRM practices adopted by 25 companies that could help other organizations identify successful HRM practices in India. Among the 25 companies, 16 are Indian companies and 9 are subsidiaries of multinationals.
Originality/value
This paper outlines HRM “best” practices of organizations in an emerging Asian economy that has not been addressed before. This paper hopes to bridge this paucity in the extant literature by showcasing the “best” HRM practices from 25 “best” companies in India. It also provides an Indian model of “best” HRM practices that can be tested by other scholars for future studies.