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To explain how corporate governance is likely to be affected by drastic changes to national security reviews by the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS), especially for US funds with foreign investors.

The article summarizes the Foreign Investment Risk Review Modernization Act of 2018 (FIRRMA) and then details the pilot program and how to qualify for exceptions.

While many questions and considerations remain, including how FIRRMA will play out across various industries, we concluded that there will be an increase in CFIUS filings.

Practical guidance from experienced national security and CFIUS lawyers.

This paper aims to investigate the impact of female director affiliations to governing families on corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosures in the context of Bangladeshi firms.

This study uses a quantitative empirical research method grounded in Socioemotional Wealth (SEW) theory. Data was sourced from Bangladeshi publicly listed non-financial sector companies’ annual reports and stock exchange trading and publication reports and consists of 2,637 firm-year observations from 1996 to 2011. Pooled multivariate regression models are used to test the association between corporate social and environmental disclosure and female directors, and the family affiliation (or not) of those directors.

The findings provide strong evidence that female directors who are affiliated to the governing family, founders and other board members reduce CSR disclosure in family firms; unaffiliated female board directors enhance CSR disclosure, and this effect is significant in both family and non-family firms.

Definitions of family firms and affiliated directors may lead to over-generalization in the results.

The study highlights variation in the nature of female board appointments in emerging market family-controlled firms. The findings bring attention to the role of affiliated female director appointments in family ownership structures and speak directly to family business owners, advisors and policy makers about the importance of unaffiliated female directors as catalysts of improved CSR disclosure in family and non-family firms.

Contemporary labor economics has a ready explanation for the role of job training in the labor market. The human capital framework pioneered by Becker (1962, 1993) and Mincer (1962) and now extended by many, many others sees training as an investment in productive capacity that benefits both workers and employers. Employers enhance the productivity of their firms by investing in the skills of their workers, and these productivity gains are passed on to workers in the form of higher wages. Key to all of this is the distinction between general and specific skill. According to the theory, employers will not pay for or provide general skills (i.e. those that are transferable and hence valuable to other employers), because they are averse to being “poached” by more high-wage employers. They will, however, invest in workplace-specific skills, which assure them a return on their training investments.

The purpose of this paper is to describe an approach for utilising a critical incident method within the context of an online business simulation game in order to provide an effective framework for reflective learning.

The paper presents a review of pertinent literature to place the critical incident technique within the novel context of simulation gaming. Through presenting a case study of practice, it goes on to describe a blended learning approach that combines online simulation with post-simulation reflection based on the critical incident method. An action research approach is adopted as a framework for reflection on practice.

From a conceptual perspective, there are a number of potential benefits to employing a critical incident approach combined with simulation gaming. The ability of educators to compress time frames and manage the introduction of critical incidents allows students to learn in a way that would not be possible in the real world. Furthermore, carefully designed post-simulation debriefing, structured around a critical incident framework, has the potential to enhance the learning impact of online simulation.

The research is limited in that a single case study context is described. Further evaluation research is required to fully assess the benefits of the approach adopted.

The study explores the use of the critical incident approach within the novel context of online simulation gaming. It provides educators with a blended learning method that can be employed to enhance the impact of e-learning through structured reflection.

The winter 1987 issue of Reference Services Review featured a bibliography of AIDS‐related materials prepared by Edmund SantaVicca, former head of Collection Management Services at Cleveland State University.

The decisions marketing managers make on advertising expenditures are vital to maintaining the sales and profitability of a firm. However, these decisions have not been taken into account to a great enough extent when determining a firm’s performance. The purpose of this paper is to better understand the marketing-finance interface and to reveal the effect marketers’ discretionary advertising expenditures can have on firm performance. In particular, the real activities method of managed earnings (ME) will be used to study this phenomenon.

The initial sample consisted of all the companies that appear in the North American COMPUSTAT files over the period 1970-2014. Since the focus here is on the effect of discretionary advertising expenses on firm performance, the authors restricted the samples to only include observations with advertising expenses. Therefore, the sample included 14,732 firms.

OLS regressions revealed a negative relationship between marketers’ discretionary advertising expenditures and firm performance using return on assets as a proxy for firm performance. Additional regressions displayed similar results for return on sale and return on cash adjusted asset proxies. Fixed effect and Tobit regressions also confirmed these findings. Finally, this effect was especially true for low performing firms. The economic significance of these findings on firm performance is also discussed.

The decisions made by marketing managers on advertising promotional efforts impact sales directly and brand equity indirectly, but they can also have an impact on firm performance. Therefore, it is important for investors to understand the level of ME in relation to marketing and advertising decisions that are taking place at their firm.