Defines the list of parameters which can be derived from roughness profiles and the unfiltered profiles. Describes instruments capable of measuring these parameters and their use…
Abstract
Defines the list of parameters which can be derived from roughness profiles and the unfiltered profiles. Describes instruments capable of measuring these parameters and their use as part of a Statistical Process Control System to form an essential part of SPC procedures. Details the fixing and power source options that allow detectors to be either portable or mounted close to the production line, including an air suspension vibration isolator to eliminate the effects of vibrations which could otherwise prove troublesome in workshop use.
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Mhairi Mackenzie, Annette Hastings, Breannon Babbel, Sarah Simpson and Graham Watt
This chapter addresses inequalities in the United Kingdom through the lens of health inequalities. Driven by inequalities in income and power, health inequalities represent a…
Abstract
This chapter addresses inequalities in the United Kingdom through the lens of health inequalities. Driven by inequalities in income and power, health inequalities represent a microcosm of wider debates on inequalities. They also play a role as the more politically unacceptable face of inequalities – where other types of inequality are more blatantly argued as collateral damage of advanced neoliberalism including ‘inevitable’ austerity measures, politicians are more squeamish about discussing health inequalities in these terms.
The chapter starts by depicting health inequalities in Scotland and summarises health policy analyses of the causes of, and solutions to, health inequalities. It then describes the concept of ‘proportionate’ universalism’ and sets this within the context of debates around universal versus targeted welfare provision in times of fiscal austerity.
It then turns to a small empirical case-study which investigates these tensions within the Scottish National Health Service. The study asks those operating at policy and practice levels: how is proportionate universalism understood; and, is it a threat or ballast to universal welfare provision?
Findings are discussed within the political context of welfare retrenchment, and in terms of meso- and micro-practices. We conclude that there are three levels at which proportionate universalism needs to be critiqued as a means of mitigating the impacts of inequalities in the social determinants of health. These are within the political arenas, at a policy and planning level and at the practice level where individual practitioners are enabled or not to practice in ways that might mitigate existing inequalities.
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Steve Gillard, Rhiannon Foster and Constantina Papoulias
Patient and public involvement (PPI) is increasingly central to the delivery of health services research. However, it has proved challenging to evaluate the impact of PPI on the…
Abstract
Purpose
Patient and public involvement (PPI) is increasingly central to the delivery of health services research. However, it has proved challenging to evaluate the impact of PPI on the implementation of research into clinical practice and health service delivery. The purpose of this paper is to develop and test a conceptual model explaining how PPI in the research process might impact on implementation.
Design/methodology/approach
A scoping review of knowledge translation and implementation science literature was performed to develop a conceptual model of the impact of PPI in research on implementation. A retrospective case study of a research project was used to illustrate the model.
Findings
The authors identified five domains in which PPI can impact on the implementation of research into practice. The review demonstrated that successful implementation depends on developing relational models of knowledge production, valuing experiential knowledge, engaging in collaborative practice, making use of knowledge brokers or tools for knowledge facilitation and embedding these factors into the implementation context. In the case study the authors were able to find examples that illustrated each of the five domains of the model.
Originality/value
The paper builds on existing endeavour to evaluate the impact of PPI in research, demonstrating that it is possible to model, conceptually, the processes whereby PPI in research might impact on practice and service delivery. By illustrating those processes through the exemplar case the authors also demonstrate the potential for the model to be “operationalised”, allowing the impacts, on practice, of PPI in research to be systematically and directly evidenced.
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Jillian Cavanagh, Ying Wang, Hannah Meacham, Louise Byrne and Timothy Bartram
The widespread provision of evidence‐based psychosocial interventions (PSI) for people who experience psychosis and their families requires that the mental health workforce has…
Abstract
The widespread provision of evidence‐based psychosocial interventions (PSI) for people who experience psychosis and their families requires that the mental health workforce has access to educational and training programmes in these treatment approaches. Such training has been available in England since 1992 when the first PSI programmes were established at The Institute of Psychiatry, London and The University of Manchester. While training is now more widely available (Brooker, 2002), little is known about the extent and distribution of training across England, or of the detail of individual programmes. To remedy this, the NIMHE National PSI Implementation Workgroup conducted a survey of university accredited PSI education/training in January 2006.Twenty‐six courses were represented in the returns from the eight regions served by CSIP regional development centres. This paper presents the findings of this survey and discusses the current provision of PSI training in England in 2006.
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The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the fate of the buildings and public spaces created by the Nazis. By doing so, the author explains how Germany has handled…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the fate of the buildings and public spaces created by the Nazis. By doing so, the author explains how Germany has handled this difficult legacy as part of a wider narrative of Germany’s post-war national reconciliation with its Nazi past.
Design/methodology/approach
Visits to Germany; interviews with German academics and museum professionals running memorials and museums relevant to the subject; study of literature related to specific Nazi sites and also literature related to the Nazi legacy in Germany more generally, as well as discussion with academics interested in dark tourism and national self-examination of difficult historical legacies.
Findings
Far more Nazi buildings remain in existence than is generally realised. For many years after 1945, Germany ignored the architectural legacy of the Nazi period through a mixture of shame, other more pressing priorities and pragmatism. Originally, it was pressure from survivors and families of victims of Nazi terror that led to public acknowledgement of the historical significance of some Nazi sites. In more recent years, German reunification, the passing of the complicit generations in Germany and growing national self-confidence have led to a greater willingness to acknowledge the importance of these sites.
Originality/value
First paper in English examining Nazi architecture in the round and the first one offering a critical analysis of Germany’s handling of the architectural legacy of the Third Reich.
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Carol M. Trivette and Carl J. Dunst
A translation framework and associated processes and activities for bridging the research-to-practice gap in early childhood intervention are described. Translational processes…
Abstract
A translation framework and associated processes and activities for bridging the research-to-practice gap in early childhood intervention are described. Translational processes and activities include methods and procedures for identifying evidence-based practices, translating findings from research evidence into early childhood intervention procedures, and promoting practitioners’ and parents’ routine use of the practices. The framework includes four interrelated processes and activities. Type 1 translation uses research findings to develop evidence-based practices. Type 2 translation involves the use of evidence-based professional development (implementation) practices to promote practitioners’ and parents’ use of evidence-based early childhood intervention practices. Type 3 translation includes activities to evaluate whether the use of evidence-based practices as part of routine early intervention have expected benefits and outcomes. Type 4 translation includes activities for the dissemination, diffusion, and promotion of broad-based adoption and use of evidence-based practices. Examples of each type of translation are described as are implications for practice.