Marci Hunsaker, Francis Howard, Shu‐Hua Liu and Jennifer Davis
The purpose of this paper is to present a virtual library plan created by library directors of the 23 California State University (CSU) system campuses. The information literacy…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a virtual library plan created by library directors of the 23 California State University (CSU) system campuses. The information literacy portion of the project offers a repository of high quality interactive digital learning objects (DLOs) in the MERLOT repository. Therefore, DLOs created locally at the Dr Martin Luther King, Jr Library at San José State University (SJSU) focus on topics that supplement the “core” DLO collection.
Design/methodology/approach
This case study presents planning assumptions for developing local content that complements a California State University (CSU) system collection of high quality interactive information literacy DLOs. The authors also offer suggestions from the professional literature that guide their application of such Web 2.0 tools as wikis, podcasts, and tagging to create supplemental learning modules for their local information literacy instruction program.
Findings
Web 2.0 Digital Learning Objects are essential components of an efficient academic information literacy program comprised of face‐to‐face and “on demand” virtual approaches. The California State University (CSU) system has identified a core set of DLOs, which are easily available in the MERLOT open access repository. Local development efforts, then, focus on the design and creation of DLOs of local significance.
Practical implications
Librarians at the Dr Martin Luther King, Jr Library in San José, California, USA, are developing local content for Web 2.0‐enabled information literacy instruction. These developments occur within the context of a 23 campus initiative, originating at the Chancellor's Office, which has identified high quality information literacy digital learning objects (DLOs). This core open access collection intends to fulfill academic libraries'core instructional needs and is freely available to any library through the open access MERLOT repository by any library
Originality/value
This paper recommends an approach for local production of virtual information literacy content which benefits from harvesting the “best of the best” currently available on the internet.
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Amir Rafiee, Yong Wu and Abdul Sattar
Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) promise great benefits, including improving safety, reducing congestion, and providing mobility for elderly and the disabled; however, there are…
Abstract
Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) promise great benefits, including improving safety, reducing congestion, and providing mobility for elderly and the disabled; however, there are discussions on how they should be programmed to respond in an ethical dilemma where a choice has to be made between two or more courses of action resulting in loss of life. To explore this question, the authors examine the current academic literature where the application of the existing philosophical theories to ethics settings in AVs has been discussed, specifically the utilitarianism and the deontological ethics. These two theories are widely regarded as rivals, and are useful in demonstrating the complex ethical issues that must be addressed when programming AVs. We also look at the legal framework, specifically normative principles in criminal law used to regulate difficult choices in an emergency, which some have suggested as a plausible defence for manufacturers who seek to program AVs using a utilitarian framework. These include the doctrine of necessity, the sudden emergency doctrine, and the duty of care. The authors critique each theory, highlighting their benefits and limitations. The authors then make a case for programming AVs using a randomized decision system (RDS) and propose that it could be a viable solution in dealing with certain moral dilemmas. Finally using our assessment, the authors suggest certain objectives for manufacturers and regulators in designing and programming AVs that are technically viable, and would make them morally acceptable and fair.
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Stephanie L. Quirk and James “Gus” Gustafson
A study of community college students enrolled in a for-credit study abroad program in Costa Rica sought to identify the experiences that influence intercultural competency growth…
Abstract
A study of community college students enrolled in a for-credit study abroad program in Costa Rica sought to identify the experiences that influence intercultural competency growth during study abroad trips and to learn how the experiences influence the development of global leadership competencies. The results led to a modified global leadership development expertise model for understanding the process of global leadership development in student populations. The study revealed a key link between antecedent characteristics of participants and their transformational ability during the study. The study also revealed that there are types of transformational experiences that, when experienced sequentially, can maximize transformational potential and the development of intercultural competencies.
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The practical and philosophical understanding of the mind of the oppressed is an intricate one that involves many different themes. Yet it is one that is central to the study of…
Abstract
The practical and philosophical understanding of the mind of the oppressed is an intricate one that involves many different themes. Yet it is one that is central to the study of sociology and exposes to us the human side of society from an individual and a group perspective. So what can we learn from the oppressed? Can oppression promote the drive to try to liberate oneself and, in doing so, enlighten us on aspects of the human condition that will aid our approach to understanding a broader social world‐view? What are the experiences of the oppressed that can teach us more about the pragmatics and the ideologies of social dynamics? The argument put forward in this paper is that the perspective of the oppressed provides a superior vantage point for understanding and interpreting the social world. But in order to have a clear understanding of why this is the case, we must start with a definition of what exactly constitutes to be oppressed.
A framework pertaining to the decision‐making process, called the Tourists' Cognitive Decision Making (TCDM) model, is presented for the purpose of identifying and understanding…
Abstract
A framework pertaining to the decision‐making process, called the Tourists' Cognitive Decision Making (TCDM) model, is presented for the purpose of identifying and understanding the cognitive process of trip decision making. Unlike traditional decision‐making models, the TCDM model incorporates latent influence, along with problem formulation, information search, evaluation and implementation into its framework.
Philip Howard and Louise Dixon
The classification of criminal acts as violent or nonviolent should be a keystone of actuarial predictors of violent recidivism, as it affects their outcome measure and scoring of…
Abstract
Purpose
The classification of criminal acts as violent or nonviolent should be a keystone of actuarial predictors of violent recidivism, as it affects their outcome measure and scoring of criminal history, thus influencing many decisions about sentencing, release and treatment allocation. Examination of existing actuarial and clinical violence risk assessment tools and research studies reveals considerable variation in the classifications used. This paper aims to use large samples to develop an alternative, empirically grounded classification that can be used to improve actuarial predictive scores within the offender assessment system (OASys), the tool used by the National Offender Management Service of England and Wales to assess static and dynamic risk.
Design/methodology/approach
Two analytical steps are implemented. First, to identify offences that frequently involve violent acts, 230,334 OASys cases are analyzed for indicators of violent content. Second, the ability of dynamic and static risk factors to predict reoffending for various offence types is investigated, analyzing 26,619 OASys cases that have official recidivism data.
Findings
The resulting empirical classification of violent offences adds public order, criminal damage, threats/harassment, robbery/aggravated burglary and weapon possession offences to the central group of homicide and assault offences. The need to assess risk of sexual recidivism separately is discussed.
Originality/value
This study has successfully produced an offence classification for use in a new predictor of violent recidivism. The use of empirical methods to select these offences helps to maximise predictive validity.
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October WED.25. Scottish Branch meeting. University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, 7 p.m. ‘The provision of a library/information service for/by newspapers,’ by Miss A. S. Brown.
Julie Smith, brand manager for dog food manufacturer Pedigree, has to determine how best to jump-start growth in the slumping business. The (A) case centers on the debate over…
Abstract
Julie Smith, brand manager for dog food manufacturer Pedigree, has to determine how best to jump-start growth in the slumping business. The (A) case centers on the debate over which type of strategy to pursue, brand building versus in-store activity, while the (B) case focuses on the concept of cause marketing as a growth strategy.
The case examines the common challenge of building a very well-established business, and can be used to teach established business growth strategy, advertising, and cause marketing.
Details
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