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Article
Publication date: 11 September 2007

144

Abstract

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 79 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

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Article
Publication date: 12 February 2019

Annie Haver, Espen Olsen and Kristin Akerjordet

This study aims to test a theoretical research model specifying how two emerging job stressors, i.e. centralized authority and reporting requirements, influence hotel managers’…

1259

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to test a theoretical research model specifying how two emerging job stressors, i.e. centralized authority and reporting requirements, influence hotel managers’ well-being. A mediated model through reappraisal is hypothesized.

Design/methodology/approach

The model was tested on 600 Norwegian and Swedish hotel managers using a questionnaire survey (72 per cent response rate). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analyses, correlation and structural equation modeling, which included bootstrapping.

Findings

Job stressors were negatively related to well-being, whereas reappraisal had a positive influence on well-being. A positive relationship was found between reporting requirements and reappraisal, while the opposite appeared for centralized authority. A negative mediating role of reappraisal existed in the relationship between centralized authority and well-being, while there was a positive one in the relationship between reporting requirements and well-being.

Practical implications

The findings will have important implications for management practices, as they illuminate how job stressors reduce well-being on the one hand and how reappraisal positively influences well-being on the other. This knowledge indicates that reappraisal is important for well-being when faced with stressful environments. The findings illustrate the importance of controlling stress in the managerial environment, and for hotel managers to maintain the ability to reappraise.

Originality/value

The study advances the knowledge of the managerial role, as well as the importance of reappraisal and well-being. This is the first empirical study among hotel managers testing a research model that illustrates how job stressors and reappraisal influence well-being.

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International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, vol. 31 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0959-6119

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Article
Publication date: 21 November 2019

Gunhild Bjaalid, Espen Olsen, Kjersti Melberg and Aslaug Mikkelsen

The purpose of this study was to investigate if institutional stress is related to job performance among hospital employees, and if institutional stress is fully or partly…

1536

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to investigate if institutional stress is related to job performance among hospital employees, and if institutional stress is fully or partly mediated by motivational resources with regards to the relation with job performance.

Design/methodology/approach

A self-completion survey was distributed to four public hospitals in Norway, and had a response rate of 40% (N = 9,162). Structural equation modelling was conducted on two groups of hospital employees with (N = 795) and without (N = 8,367) managerial responsibilities.

Findings

Institutional stress was negatively related to job performance for hospital employees without managerial responsibilities. The motivational resources autonomy, competence development and social support partly mediated the relationship between institutional stress and job performance in the group of employees without managerial responsibilities. In the leader group, the motivational resources fully mediated the relationship between institutional stress and job performance. Social support from leaders had a non-significant influence on job performance in both groups.

Research limitations/implications

The main limitation with this study is its cross-sectional design.

Originality/value

The study enables us to extend how work-related stress is related to job performance and the mediating role of the job resources autonomy, competence development and social support. The focus on productivity, and top management’s wish to improve hospital performance, may have unintended consequences, leading to a gap between managerial and clinical worldviews and understanding of goals, policies, values and prioritizing. This can lead to institutional stress. The findings of this study suggest that institutional stress has negative effects on hospital employees’ work motivation and job performance.

Details

International Journal of Organizational Analysis, vol. 28 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1934-8835

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Article
Publication date: 14 May 2018

Espen Olsen

Hospital systems are expected to influence patient safety outcomes. The purpose of this study is to explore organisational factors influencing patient safety and safety behaviour…

692

Abstract

Purpose

Hospital systems are expected to influence patient safety outcomes. The purpose of this study is to explore organisational factors influencing patient safety and safety behaviour among nurses and other hospital staff.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on a theoretical model, six dimensions were selected from the hospital survey on patient safety culture. Moreover, one standardized dimension measuring safety behaviour was included. The data were collected from 1,703 hospital workers completing a cross-sectional survey.

Findings

Confirmatory factor analysis and supplementary statistics supported the use of measurement concepts applied in the study. A two-step statistical approach using structural equation modelling resulted in a satisfactory final model illustrating direct and indirect influence of the explanatory factors used.

Research limitations/implications

The limitation of this study is the use of a cross-sectional survey design.

Practical implications

The study illustrates how organisational factors are interconnected. The theoretical model developed and tested can be applied to improve safety behaviour and patient safety in hospital settings.

Social implications

The social implications of this study include the social relationships within the hospital setting, illustrating how organisational factors influence both safety behaviour and perception of patient safety levels.

Originality/value

A new theoretical model is developed and tested among hospital staff. The paper adds a new perspective on how organisational factors influence perceived safety outcomes in hospital settings.

Details

International Journal of Organizational Analysis, vol. 26 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1934-8835

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Article
Publication date: 10 January 2018

Aslaug Mikkelsen and Espen Olsen

The purpose of this paper is to examine the mechanisms through which change-oriented leadership in hospitals influences job performance and employee job satisfaction. The authors…

2810

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the mechanisms through which change-oriented leadership in hospitals influences job performance and employee job satisfaction. The authors examine the direct and the mediating effects of perceived learning demands and job involvement.

Design/methodology/approach

This cross-sectional study is based on a survey of four public hospitals in a regional health authority in Norway.

Findings

The findings illustrate how change-oriented leadership directly and indirectly influences work performance and job satisfaction. Learning demands and job involvement play mediating roles. Higher levels of change-oriented leadership decrease learning demands and increase job involvement, work performance and job satisfaction. Learning demands have a negative influence on work performance and job satisfaction. Job involvement has a positive influence on work performance and job satisfaction. The strongest relationship in the structural modelling is between change-oriented leadership and job involvement.

Research limitations/implications

This study is based on cross-sectional data. Future studies should therefore explore this further using a longitudinal design.

Practical implications

The practical implication of the study is to show how leaders by change-oriented behaviour can influence work performance and job satisfaction by reducing learning demands and increasing job involvement.

Social implications

This study illustrates different paths towards influencing job performance and job satisfaction from change-oriented leadership. It is important to use the potential of reducing learning demands and increasing job involvement, to improve job performance and job satisfaction.

Originality/value

The authors have developed and validated a new theoretical mediational model explaining variance in job performance and job satisfaction, and how this is related to change-oriented leadership, job involvement and learning demands. This knowledge can be used to increase the probability of successful change initiatives.

Details

Leadership in Health Services, vol. 32 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1751-1879

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 24 August 2020

Olaug Øygarden, Espen Olsen and Aslaug Mikkelsen

This paper aims to fill gaps in one’s knowledge of the impact of organizational change on two outcomes relevant to hospital service quality (performance obstacles and physician…

10715

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to fill gaps in one’s knowledge of the impact of organizational change on two outcomes relevant to hospital service quality (performance obstacles and physician job satisfaction) and in one’s knowledge of the role of middle manager change-oriented leadership in relation to the same outcomes. Further, the authors aim to identify how physician participation in decision-making is impacted by organizational change and change-oriented leadership, as well as how it mediates the relationships between these two variables, performance obstacles and job satisfaction.

Design/methodology/approach

The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design including data from Norwegian hospital physicians (N = 556). A hypothetical model was developed based on existing theory, confirmatory factor analysis was carried out in order to ensure the validity of measurement concepts, and the structural model was estimated using structural equation modelling.

Findings

The organizational changes in question were positively related to performance obstacles both directly and indirectly through participation in decision-making. Organizational change was also negatively related to job satisfaction, both directly and indirectly. Change-oriented leadership was negatively related to performance obstacles, but only indirectly through participation in decision-making, whereas it was positively related to job satisfaction both directly and indirectly.

Originality/value

The authors developed a theoretical model based on existing theory, but to their knowledge no other studies have tested these exact relationships within one model. These findings offer insights relevant to current and ongoing developments in the healthcare field and to the question of how hospitals may deal with continuous changes in ways that could contribute positively towards outcomes relevant to service quality.

Details

Journal of Health Organization and Management, vol. 34 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1477-7266

Keywords

Available. Content available
Article
Publication date: 13 April 2015

Antonella La Rocca

1073

Abstract

Details

IMP Journal, vol. 9 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2059-1403

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Article
Publication date: 2 September 2024

Espen Eigil Barratt-Due Solum

This article explores how Norwegian public libraries negotiate neutrality and activism in response to national policy implementing the United Nations (UN) goals for sustainable…

169

Abstract

Purpose

This article explores how Norwegian public libraries negotiate neutrality and activism in response to national policy implementing the United Nations (UN) goals for sustainable development.

Design/methodology/approach

Informed by the ongoing academic debate on library neutrality and activism, this article presents an analysis of 30 qualitative interviews with librarians and directors in four public libraries. Through comparative case study design, the analysis explores the negotiations of neutrality and activism in the organisational response to the sustainable development goals (SDGs), in public events connected with environmental sustainability and in the engagement of librarians with various higher education backgrounds and competencies.

Findings

The neutrality of Norwegian public libraries is tied to the libraries’ function as a social meeting place and arena for public debate. While the agenda for sustainable development is perceived as neutral by many of the interview participants, there are ongoing negotiations on how politically charged initiatives should be and whether public conversations on environmental and climate issues need to represent a balance of opinions. The case libraries have developed different strategies, and while non-traditional collections and events centred on sustainability may provide a middle ground, the negotiations of neutrality and activism are influenced both by competencies and personal engagement.

Originality/value

This article shows how neutrality is negotiated in public libraries, with the strategies to build a sustainable society through both conventional means and activism.

Details

Journal of Documentation, vol. 81 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0022-0418

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access
Book part
Publication date: 12 December 2023

Kerstin Sahlin and Ulla Eriksson-Zetterquist

Over the past few decades, university reforms in line with management and enterprise ideals have been well documented. Changes in the ideals underlying the missions of…

Abstract

Over the past few decades, university reforms in line with management and enterprise ideals have been well documented. Changes in the ideals underlying the missions of universities have led to changes in their modes of governing and organizing, which in turn drive further transformation of their missions. One set of reforms in Swedish higher education has been the dissolution of collegial bodies and procedures. At the same time, in recent years, we have witnessed an increased interest in collegiality and a reintroduction of collegial bodies and procedures. New translations of collegiality appear not only in how universities are organized, but also in other core aspects of research and higher education. We review examples of peer reviewing, research assessment, and direct recruitment of professors and ask: Can these new translations of collegiality be understood as a revitalization of collegiality, or is it – to draw a parallel with greenwashing – rather a matter of collegiality-washing?

Details

Revitalizing Collegiality: Restoring Faculty Authority in Universities
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80455-818-8

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Article
Publication date: 23 June 2022

Happyness Amani Kisighii, Jofrey Raymond and Musa Chacha

The lack of food-based dietary guidelines for managing cancer among hospitalized patients has led to an increasing economic burden on the government and families in low- and…

106

Abstract

Purpose

The lack of food-based dietary guidelines for managing cancer among hospitalized patients has led to an increasing economic burden on the government and families in low- and middle-economy countries. There have been increasing medical costs due to delayed recovery, readmission and mortality. The purpose of this study is to contribute in reducing these effects by developing context-specific food-based dietary guidelines to assist health-care professionals and caregivers in planning diets for cancer patients.

Design/methodology/approach

For seven days, the dietary intakes of 100 cancer patients in the hospital were recorded using weighed food records. Data on the costs of commonly consumed foods during hospitalization were obtained from hospital requisition books as well as nearby markets and shops. The information gathered was used to create optimal food-based dietary guidelines for cancer patients.

Findings

Most patients did not meet the recommended food group and micronutrient intake according to their weighed food records. Sugar intake from processed foods was (51 ± 19.8 g), (13% ± 2%), and calories (2585 ± 544 g) exceeded recommendations. Optimized models generated three menus that met the World Cancer Research Fund 2018 cancer prevention recommendation at a minimum cost of 2,700 Tanzanian Shillings (TSH), 3500TSH, and 4550TSH per day. The optimal dietary pattern includes nutrient-dense foods from all food groups in recommended portions and within calorie limits.

Originality/value

Findings show that optimal dietary guidelines that are context-specific for managing cancer in hospitalized patients can be formulated using culturally acceptable food ingredients at minimum cost.

Details

Nutrition & Food Science, vol. 53 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0034-6659

Keywords

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