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Article
Publication date: 1 August 2023

Dhinesh S.K. and Senthil Kumar Kallippatti Lakshmanan

The purpose of this study is to increasing the gauge factor, reducing the hysteresis error and improving the stability over cyclic deformations of a conductive polylactic acid…

168

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to increasing the gauge factor, reducing the hysteresis error and improving the stability over cyclic deformations of a conductive polylactic acid (CPLA)-based 3D-printed strain sensor by modifying the sensing element geometry.

Design/methodology/approach

Five different configurations, namely, linear, serpentine, square, triangular and trapezoidal, of CPLA sensing elements are printed on the thermoplastic polyurethane substrate material individually. The resistance change ratio of the printed sensors, when loaded to a predefined percentage of the maximum strain values over multiple cycles, is recorded. Finally, the thickness of substrate and CPLA and the included angle of the triangular strain sensor are evaluated for their influences on the sensitivity.

Findings

The triangular configuration yields the least hysteresis error with high accuracy over repeated loading conditions, because of its uniform stress distribution, whereas the conventional linear configuration produces the maximum sensitivity with low accuracy. The thickness of the substrate and sensing element has more influence over the included angle, in enhancing the sensitivity of the triangular configuration. The sensitivity of the triangular configuration exceeds the linear configuration when printed at ideal sensor dimensional values.

Research limitations/implications

The 3D printing parameters are kept constant for all the configurations; rather it can be varied for improving the performance of the sensor. Furthermore, the influences of stretching rate and nozzle temperature of the sensing material are not considered in this work.

Originality/value

The sensitivity and accuracy of CPLA-based strain sensor are evaluated for modification in its geometry, and the performance metrics are enhanced using the regression modelling.

Details

Rapid Prototyping Journal, vol. 29 no. 9
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2546

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Book part
Publication date: 21 November 2018

Kogila Vani Annammala, Anand Nainar, Abdul Rahim Mohd Yusoff, Zulkifli Yusop, Kawi Bidin, Rory Peter Dominic Walsh, William H. Blake, Faizuan Abdullah, Dhinesh Sugumaran and Khuneswari Gopal Pillay

Although there have been extensive studies on the hydrological and erosional impacts of logging, relatively little is known about the impacts of conversion into agricultural…

Abstract

Although there have been extensive studies on the hydrological and erosional impacts of logging, relatively little is known about the impacts of conversion into agricultural plantation (namely rubber and oil palm). Furthermore, studies on morphological impacts, sediment-bound chemistry and forensic attribution of deposited sediment to their respective sources are scarcer. This chapter introduces the potential for using the multi-proxy sediment fingerprinting technique in this context. Featuring pilot projects in two major flood-prone river systems in Malaysia, the studies explore application of geochemistry-based sediment source ascription. The geochemical signatures of sediment mixtures on floodplains were compared to sediments from upstream source tributaries. The tributaries were hypothesised to have different geochemical signatures in response to dominant land management. The first case study took place in the Segama River system (4,023 km2) of Sabah, Malaysian Borneo where a mixture of primary forest, logged-forests and oil palm plantations were predominant. The second case study was in the Kelantan River Basin (13,100 km2) with two major tributaries (Galas River and Lebir River) where logged-forests and rubber and oil palm plantations are dominant land-uses. Both case studies demonstrated the applicability of this method in ascribing floodplain deposited sediment to their respective upstream sources. Preliminary results showed that trace elements associated with fertilisers (e.g. copper and vanadium) contribute to agricultural catchment signatures. Alkaline and alkaline-earth elements were linked to recently established oil palm plantations due to soil turnover. Mixing model outputs showed that contributions from smaller, more severely disturbed catchment are higher than those from larger but milder disturbed catchments. This method capitalises on flood events to counter its adverse impacts by identifying high-priority sediment source areas for efficient and effective management.

Details

Improving Flood Management, Prediction and Monitoring
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78756-552-4

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Article
Publication date: 30 May 2019

Hariram Venkatesan, Godwin John J., Seralathan Sivamani and Micha Premkumar T.

The purpose this experimentation is to study the combustion characteristics of compression ignition engine fuelled with mineral diesel. The reason behind the numerical simulation…

121

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose this experimentation is to study the combustion characteristics of compression ignition engine fuelled with mineral diesel. The reason behind the numerical simulation is to validate the experimental results of the combustion characteristics.

Design/methodology/approach

The numerical analysis was carried out in this study using MATLAB Simulink, and the zero dimensional combustion model was applied to predict the combustion parameters such as in cylinder pressure, pressure rise rate and rate of heat release.

Findings

Incorporating the dynamic combustion duration with respect to variable engine load in the zero dimensional combustion model using MATLAB Simulink reduced the variation of experimental and numerical outputs between 5.5 and 6 per cent in this analysis.

Research limitations/implications

Validation of the experimental analysis is very limited. Investigations were performed using zero dimensional combustion model, which is the very appropriate for analysing the combustion characteristics.

Originality/value

Existing studies assumed that the combustion duration period as invariant in their numerical analysis, but with the real time scenario occurring in CI engine, that is not the case. In this analysis, mass fraction burnt considering the dynamic combustion duration was incorporated in the heat transfer model to reduce the error variation between experimental and numerical studies.

Details

World Journal of Engineering, vol. 16 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1708-5284

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Book part
Publication date: 12 July 2021

Dhinesh Sugumaran, Kogila Vani Annammala, Abdull Rahim Mohd Yusoff, Zulkifli Yusop, Nur Athirah Mohamad and Anand Nainar

Southeast Asia has been actively undergoing land conversion into agricultural lands over past few decades. This creates the challenges to the nation in dealing with the non-point…

Abstract

Southeast Asia has been actively undergoing land conversion into agricultural lands over past few decades. This creates the challenges to the nation in dealing with the non-point source pollutants in many fluvial systems, thus requiring an effective approach in sediment source apportionment for an appropriate target mitigation procedure. The trace element property from different source points was used for catchment classification of Galas River. Sediment sample collection was carried out at the sources and sink areas of the catchment system. Fine sediment was analysed using X-ray fluorescence to obtain elemental composition followed by the statistical test and numerical model. Out of 83 elements, 12 elements (Mn, Ca, Cr, Ga, Dy Hf, Y, V, Th, Pb, Zn and Sr) have been selected as best tracer signatures. The solver model has indicated Pergau River as the major sediment contributor to this large catchment system. The model output could directly be proportional with the land-use practice, indicating excessive terrestrial alteration has taken place within the sites for agricultural plantation purposes. Thus, this highly recommends for the decision-making use to the targeted areas to overcome the serious sedimentation issues caused by the tillage operation in affected stream points and to improve the watershed quality.

Details

Water Management and Sustainability in Asia
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80071-114-3

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Article
Publication date: 25 June 2019

Saeed Dinarvand, Mohammadreza Nademi Rostami, Rassoul Dinarvand and Ioan Pop

This paper aims to simulate the steady laminar mixed convection incompressible viscous and electrically conducting hybrid nanofluid (CuO-Cu/blood) flow near the plane…

275

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to simulate the steady laminar mixed convection incompressible viscous and electrically conducting hybrid nanofluid (CuO-Cu/blood) flow near the plane stagnation-point over a horizontal porous stretching sheet along with an external magnetic field and induced magnetic field effects that can be applicable in the biomedical fields like the flow dynamics of the micro-circulatory system and especially in drug delivery.

Design/methodology/approach

The basic partial differential equations (PDEs) are altered to a set of dimensionless ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with the help of suitable similarity variables which are then solved numerically using bvp4c scheme from MATLAB. Inasmuch as validation results have shown a good agreement with previous reports, the present novel mass-based algorithm can be used in this problem with great confidence. Governing parameters are both nanoparticle masses, base fluid mass, empirical shape factor of both nanoparticles, suction/injection parameter, magnetic parameter, reciprocal magnetic Prandtl number, Prandtl number, heat source parameter, mixed convection parameter, permeability parameter and frequency ratio. The effect of these parameters on the flow and heat transfer characteristics of the problem is discussed in detail.

Findings

It is shown that the use of CuO and Cu hybrid nanoparticles can reduce the hemodynamics effect of the capillary relative to pure blood case. Moreover, as the imposed magnetic field enhances, the velocity of the blood decreases. Besides, when the blade shapes for both nanoparticles are taken into account, the local heat transfer rate is maximum that is also compatible with experimental observations.

Originality/value

An innovative mass-based model of CuO-Cu/blood hybrid nanofluid has been applied. The novel attitude to one-phase hybrid nanofluid model corresponds to considering nanoparticles mass as well as base fluid mass to computing the solid equivalent volume fraction, the solid equivalent density and also solid equivalent specific heat.

Details

International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, vol. 29 no. 11
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0961-5539

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Article
Publication date: 9 February 2010

Tilak Raj, Ravi Shankar and Mohammed Suhaib

Today's volatile condition of the market is forcing the manufacturing organizations to adapt the flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) to meet the challenges imposed by…

661

Abstract

Purpose

Today's volatile condition of the market is forcing the manufacturing organizations to adapt the flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) to meet the challenges imposed by international competition, ever‐changing customer demands, rapid delivery to market, and advancement in technology. There are certain enablers, which help in the implementation of FMS or in the transition process from traditional manufacturing system to FMS. The utmost need is to analyze the behavior of these enablers for their effective utilization in the implementation of FMS. This paper aims to address these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper presents a methodology based on graph theoretical approach for finding the feasibility of transition to FMS for any industry. A universal feasibility index of transition (FIT) is proposed that evaluates and ranks different organizations according to their capability to be converted into FMS. This FIT value is obtained from a permanent feasibility function obtained from an enablers' digraph of FMS.

Findings

The major finding of this paper is that one can judge whether a particular industry is fit for FMS or not by calculating its FIT value. This FIT value can also be utilized in ranking different industries for their possible transition to FMS.

Practical implications

The FIT obtained from a permanent function indicates the strength of enablers and their inter‐relations. More is the value of this index; more will be suitability of that organization for FMS adoption. In this way, managers can judge that a particular organization is suitable or fit for FMS implementation or not, without making the huge investments for such a complex production system and thus, minimize their risks.

Originality/value

Identification, classification of enablers into some important categories, and their analysis is a unique and innovative effort in the area of FMS.

Details

Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, vol. 21 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1741-038X

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Book part
Publication date: 30 September 2020

Prerna Sharma and Deepali Kamthania

In this chapter, an attempt has been made to develop a security-based hardware system using an 8-bit single-chip microcontroller in conjunction with some sensor technology and…

Abstract

In this chapter, an attempt has been made to develop a security-based hardware system using an 8-bit single-chip microcontroller in conjunction with some sensor technology and lighting and alarming actuators. The proposed system aims to ensure the security and privacy of a dedicated area in terms of unauthorized human intrusion, hazardous gas leakage, extreme prolonged temperature changes, atypical smoke or vapor content in space and abrupt drop in illumination. The proposed system is capable of detecting any type of physical intervention and hazardous anomalies in the environment of the reserved space. In order to define the operation of the system, programs written in C++ with the special rule of code structuring have been deployed on the microcontroller using the Arduino Integrated Development Environment. The system is like a small container, enclosing all the respective sensor modules, microcontroller board and open connections for actuators. The proposed system is easy to use hardware and does not demand any human intervention for its functioning and can be installed with almost no changes in the infrastructure.

Details

Big Data Analytics and Intelligence: A Perspective for Health Care
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83909-099-8

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Article
Publication date: 12 December 2024

Shelza Dua, Sanjay Kumar, Ritu Garg and Lillie Dewan

Diagnosing the crop diseases by farmers accurately with the naked eye can be challenging. Timely identification and treating these diseases is crucial to prevent complete…

14

Abstract

Purpose

Diagnosing the crop diseases by farmers accurately with the naked eye can be challenging. Timely identification and treating these diseases is crucial to prevent complete destruction of the crops. To overcome these challenges, in this work a light-weight automatic crop disease detection system has been developed, which uses novel combination of residual network (ResNet)-based feature extractor and machine learning algorithm based classifier over a real-time crop dataset.

Design/methodology/approach

The proposed system is divided into four phases: image acquisition and preprocessing, data augmentation, feature extraction and classification. In the first phase, data have been collected using a drone in real time, and preprocessing has been performed to improve the images. In the second phase, four data augmentation techniques have been applied to increase the size of the real-time dataset. In the third phase, feature extraction has been done using two deep convolutional neural network (DCNN)-based models, individually, ResNet49 and ResNet41. In the last phase, four machine learning classifiers random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), logistic regression (LR) and eXtreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) have been employed, one by one.

Findings

These proposed systems have been trained and tested using our own real-time dataset that consists of healthy and unhealthy leaves for six crops such as corn, grapes, okara, mango, plum and lemon. The proposed combination of Resnet49-SVM and ResNet41-SVM has achieved accuracy of 99 and 97%, respectively, for the images that have been collected from the city of Kurukshetra, India.

Originality/value

The proposed system makes novel contribution by using a newly proposed real time dataset that has been collected with the help of a drone. The collected image data has been augmented using scaling, rotation, flipping and brightness techniques. The work uses a novel combination of machine learning methods based classification with ResNet49 and ResNet41 based feature extraction.

Details

International Journal of Intelligent Unmanned Systems, vol. 13 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2049-6427

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Book part
Publication date: 30 May 2019

Rohaida Basiruddin, Nor Aiza Mohd Zamil, Haliyana Khalid, Siti Zaleha Abdul Rasid and Shathees A/L Baskaran

Business Ethics, Corporate Social Responsibility.

Abstract

Subject Area

Business Ethics, Corporate Social Responsibility.

Study Level

This case is suitable to be used in advanced undergraduate and MBA/MSc level.

Case Overview

This case demonstrates the dilemma of a team of students who initiated a CSR project under the supervision of their Business Ethics, Responsibility, and Sustainability (BERS) course lecturer Dr Qanitah at Azman Hashim International Business School, UTM. The team faced challenge in getting sufficient sponsorship from the outside parties involved. In order to create awareness about CSR issues among general public, the team came up with a project plan and named it as You Only Live Once (YOLO). Two weeks before the YOLO project, one of the main sponsors withdrawn the agreement to sponsor the event. Lack of sufficient funding could contribute to the failure of the YOLO project. Dr Qanitah and the team were in a dilemma to sort out this issue.

Expected Learning Outcomes

By utilizing this case, the students will be able to:

  • understand the need for undertaking CSR initiatives;

  • expose to the obstacles faced by organizer with regard to the sudden withdrawal of sponsorships; and

  • understand the importance of building awareness about CSR among general public.

understand the need for undertaking CSR initiatives;

expose to the obstacles faced by organizer with regard to the sudden withdrawal of sponsorships; and

understand the importance of building awareness about CSR among general public.

Details

Green Behavior and Corporate Social Responsibility in Asia
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78756-684-2

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Article
Publication date: 12 January 2022

Waqar Ahmad Awan and Akhtar Abbas

The purpose of this study was to map the quantity (frequency), quality (impact) and structural indicators (correlations) of research produced on cloud computing in 48 countries…

350

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to map the quantity (frequency), quality (impact) and structural indicators (correlations) of research produced on cloud computing in 48 countries and 3 territories in the Asia continent.

Design/methodology/approach

To achieve the objectives of the study and scientifically map the indicators, data were extracted from the Scopus database. The extracted bibliographic data was first cleaned properly using Endnote and then analyzed using Biblioshiny and VosViewer application software. In the software, calculations include citations count; h, g and m indexes; Bradford's and Lotka's laws; and other scientific mappings.

Findings

Results of the study indicate that China remained the most productive, impactful and collaborative country in Asia. All the top 20 impactful authors were also from China. The other most researched areas associated with cloud computing were revealed to be mobile cloud computing and data security in clouds. The most prominent journal currently publishing research studies on cloud computing was “Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing.”

Originality/value

The study is the first of its kind which identified the quantity (frequencies), quality (impact) and structural indicators (correlations) of Asian (48 countries and 3 territories) research productivity on cloud computing. The results are of great importance for researchers and countries interested in further exploring, publishing and increasing cross country collaborations related to the phenomenon of cloud computing.

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