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Article
Publication date: 24 December 2021

David O. Danesh and Thomas P. Huber

The purpose of the paper is to describe the current state of leadership and leader–member exchange (LMX) theory in dentistry and develop a novel conceptual model of LMX to guide…

698

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of the paper is to describe the current state of leadership and leader–member exchange (LMX) theory in dentistry and develop a novel conceptual model of LMX to guide future research and highlight the importance of enhancing leadership training for new dentists.

Design/methodology/approach

A literature review exploring leadership in dentistry and LMX in dentistry was completed. The findings were analyzed with framework analysis to develop a novel conceptual model of LMX specific to dentistry.

Findings

LMX theory was applied to leadership in dentistry, including a focus on new dentists, senior dentists, other dental team members and the patient. A new conceptual model of the New Dentist LMX Quartet, which is unique and specific to new dentist teams, was developed.

Research limitations/implications

The study identifies the need for research in LMX in dentistry, contributes a new conceptual model for LMX theory and identifies future research.

Practical implications

Practitioners, policymakers and educators can utilize this information to explore concepts in leadership and improve training and dental practice.

Originality/value

No other studies specifically exploring LMX in dentistry for new dentists exist. The current literature review and conceptual paper begins the conversation on developing understanding of leadership in dentistry through further research.

Details

Journal of Health Organization and Management, vol. 36 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1477-7266

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Article
Publication date: 20 February 2019

Gautam Gulati, Kizito Otuokpaikhian, Maeve Crowley, Vishnu Pradeep, David Meagher and Colum P. Dunne

The purpose of this paper is to study the demographic, clinical characteristics and outcomes for those prisoners referred to secondary mental healthcare in a regional Irish prison…

568

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study the demographic, clinical characteristics and outcomes for those prisoners referred to secondary mental healthcare in a regional Irish prison and the proportion of individuals diverted subsequently from prison to psychiatric settings.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors conducted a retrospective review of 130 successive psychiatric assessment case records at a regional mixed gender prison serving six southern Irish counties. The authors analysed demographics, clinical characteristics and outcomes. Where diversion out of prison was undertaken, Dangerousness, Understanding, Recovery and Urgency Manual (DUNDRUM) scores were retrospectively completed to assess security need.

Findings

In total, 8.6 per cent of all committals from liberty were referred by a general practitioner and 8.1 per cent subsequently assessed by the visiting psychiatrist. Predominantly, these were young males charged with a violent offence. In all, 42.2 per cent of those assessed by secondary care were diagnosed with a substance misuse disorder and 21.1 per cent with a personality disorder. In total, 20.3 per cent suffered from a psychotic disorder and 10.6 per cent with an affective disorder. Of those seen by psychiatric services, 51.2 per cent required psychotropic medication, 29.2 per cent required psychological input and 59.3 per cent required addiction counselling. In all, 10.6 per cent of those assessed were diverted from prison, the majority to approved centres. Mean DUNDRUM-1 scores suggested that those referred to high and medium secure hospitals were appropriately placed, whereas those diverted to open wards would have benefited from a low secure/intensive care setting.

Originality/value

The multifaceted need set of those referred strengthens the argument for the provision of multidisciplinary mental healthcare into prisons. The analysis of security needs for those diverted from prisons supports the need for Intensive Care Regional Units in Ireland.

Details

International Journal of Prisoner Health, vol. 15 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1744-9200

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Article
Publication date: 20 February 2019

Gautam Gulati, Brendan D. Kelly, Conor O’Neill, Paul O’Connell, Sally Linehan, Eimear Spain, David Meagher and Colum P. Dunne

The assessment and management of prisoners on hunger strikes in a custodial setting is complex. There is limited clinical guidance available for psychiatrists to draw upon in such…

200

Abstract

Purpose

The assessment and management of prisoners on hunger strikes in a custodial setting is complex. There is limited clinical guidance available for psychiatrists to draw upon in such cases. The purpose of this paper is to develop a management algorithm through expert elicitation to inform the psychiatric care of prisoners on a hunger strike.

Design/methodology/approach

A Delphi method was used to elicit views from Irish forensic psychiatrists, a legal expert and an expert in ethics using a structured questionnaire. Themes were extracted from the results of the questionnaire to propose a management algorithm. A consensus was reached on management considerations.

Findings

Five consultant forensic psychiatrists, a legal expert and an expert on psychiatric ethics (n=7) consented to participation, with a subsequent response rate of 71.4 per cent. Consensus was achieved on a proposed management algorithm. Assessment for mental disorder, capacity to refuse food and motivation for food refusal are seen as key psychiatric tasks. The need to work closely with the prison general practitioner and the value of multidisciplinary working and legal advice are described. Relevant aspects of law included mental health, criminal law (insanity) and capacity legislation.

Originality/value

This study outlines a management algorithm for the psychiatric assessment and management of prisoners on a hunger strike, a subject about which there is limited guidance to date. Although written from an Irish perspective, this study outlines key considerations for psychiatrists in keeping with international guidance and therefore may be generalisable to other jurisdictions.

Details

International Journal of Prisoner Health, vol. 15 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1744-9200

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Article
Publication date: 31 May 2021

Sunil Kumar Tumma and Bheema Rao Nistala

The purpose of this study is to develop a high-quality factor fractal inductor for wireless applications such as satellite, WLAN, Bluetooth, microwave, radar and cellular phone.

227

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to develop a high-quality factor fractal inductor for wireless applications such as satellite, WLAN, Bluetooth, microwave, radar and cellular phone.

Design/methodology/approach

The Hilbert fractal curve is used in the implementation of the proposed inductor. In the proposed inductor, the metal width has split into multiple paths based on the skin depth of the metal. The simulations of the proposed inductor are performed in 180 nm CMOS technology using the Advanced Design System EM simulator.

Findings

The multipath technique reduces the skin effects and proximity effects, which, in turn, decreases the series resistance of the inductor and attains high-quality factor over conventional fractal inductor for the equal on-chip area.

Research limitations/implications

The width of the path has chosen higher than the skin depth of the metal for a required operating frequency. Due to cost constraints, the manufacturing of the proposed fractal inductor is limited to a single layer.

Practical implications

The proposed inductor will be useful for the implementation of critical building blocks of radio frequency integrated circuits and monolithic microwave integrated circuits such as low-noise amplifiers, voltage-controlled oscillators, mixers, filters and power amplifiers.

Originality/value

This paper presents for the first time the use of a multipath technique for the fractal inductors to enhance the quality factor.

Details

Circuit World, vol. 48 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0305-6120

Keywords

Available. Content available
Book part
Publication date: 12 October 2018

Abstract

Details

Quality Services and Experiences in Hospitality and Tourism
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78756-384-1

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Article
Publication date: 9 May 2020

Aziz Homayouni, Reza Rezaei Mokarram, Sharareh Norouzi, Alireza Dehnad, Ali Barkhordari, Hamideh Homayouni and Hadi Pourjafar

Among soy products, soy ice cream with neutral pH, high total solids contents and prebiotic oligosaccharides is an appropriate vehicle for probiotics. The purpose of this paper is…

235

Abstract

Purpose

Among soy products, soy ice cream with neutral pH, high total solids contents and prebiotic oligosaccharides is an appropriate vehicle for probiotics. The purpose of this paper is to survey soy ice cream as a carrier for the efficient delivering of Lactobacillus casei, or L. casei.

Design/methodology/approach

Probiotic soy ice cream containing L. casei was produced via the powder of soy milk. The physicochemical and organoleptic properties of the product were assessed. Also, the viability of L. casei was surveyed over a 180-day period of storage at −25 °C.

Findings

The density characteristic of probiotic soy ice cream demonstrated a significant rise (P < 0.05). The result of the viability analysis showed significant alterations in the number of probiotics in this product after freezing and throughout the 180-day period (P < 0.05). The most noticeable drop was seen throughout the first 60 days about 1.83 logs after that the trend of survival of this probiotic strain leveled off over the next 120 days. Also, no significant differences were found in the organoleptic properties of both ice creams.

Originality/value

Soy ice cream with prebiotic elements protected the growing and activity of probiotic bacteria. The results showed that L. casei is a good probiotic for soy ice cream.

Details

Nutrition & Food Science , vol. 51 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0034-6659

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Article
Publication date: 9 October 2019

Sunil Kumar Tumma and Bheema Rao Nistala

The purpose of this paper is to design an on-chip inductor with high inductance, high-quality factor and high self-resonance frequency for the equivalent on-chip area using…

166

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to design an on-chip inductor with high inductance, high-quality factor and high self-resonance frequency for the equivalent on-chip area using fractal curves.

Design/methodology/approach

A novel hybrid series stacked differential fractal inductor using Hilbert and Sierpinski fractal curves is proposed with two different layers connected in series using vias. The inductor is implemented in Sonnet EM simulator using 180 nm CMOS standard process technology.

Findings

The proposed inductor reduces the parasitic capacitance and negative mutual inductance between the adjacent layers with significant improvement in overall inductance, quality factor and self-resonance frequency when compared with conventional series stacked fractal inductors.

Research limitations/implications

The fractal inductor is used to create high inductance in the single-layer process, but access to multilayers is restricted owing to unusual and expensive fabrication processes.

Practical implications

The proposed inductor can be used in implementation of low noise amplifier, voltage controlled oscillators and power amplifiers.

Originality/value

This paper introduces a combination of two fractal curves to implement a hybrid fractal inductor that enhances the performance of the inductor.

Details

Circuit World, vol. 46 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0305-6120

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 11 January 2013

Alice Mills, Dina Gojkovic, Rosie Meek and David Mullins

The aim of the paper is to examine the contribution made by housing‐related third sector organisations (TSOs) in assisting ex‐prisoners to find housing, and the barriers they face…

839

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of the paper is to examine the contribution made by housing‐related third sector organisations (TSOs) in assisting ex‐prisoners to find housing, and the barriers they face in doing so.

Design/methodology/approach

An offender survey was used to measure awareness of and engagement with TSOs in eight prisons, alongside qualitative interviews with prisoners, criminal justice staff and TSO representatives.

Findings

Despite the involvement of TSOs, securing accommodation for ex‐prisoners remains complex and difficult, largely due to high service demand, housing shortages, budget cuts, and needs assessment and allocations systems which reduce the responsiveness of housing providers to the reducing re‐offending agenda.

Research limitations/implications

The research benefited from a mixed‐method approach which captured the perceptions of service users and professionals. The response rate for the offender survey was low (12 per cent), and the survey findings should be treated with caution.

Practical implications

Local authorities and other housing providers need to be more willing to accept ex‐prisoners as potential service users, and better links need to be made between local homelessness strategies, choice based lettings systems and prisoner resettlement programmes. Providing support services to ex‐offenders may encourage such acceptance and help to maintain the motivation to desist from crime.

Originality/value

Previous research has paid little specific attention to the role of TSOs in (ex)offender housing. This paper addresses this omission by drawing on original empirical research to examine the value of their work in securing accommodation for ex‐prisoners and helping to reduce re‐offending.

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Book part
Publication date: 4 July 2016

Russell K. Schutt

Reexamination and reinterpretation of the process of deinstitutionalization of public mental hospital inpatients.

Abstract

Purpose

Reexamination and reinterpretation of the process of deinstitutionalization of public mental hospital inpatients.

Methodology/approach

A comprehensive review of related research is presented and lessons learned for the sociology of mental health are identified.

Findings

The processes of both institutionalization and deinstitutionalization were motivated by belief in the influence of the social environment on the course of mental illness, but while in the early 19th century the social environment of the mental hospital was seen as therapeutic, later in the 20th century the now primarily custodial social environment of large state mental hospitals was seen as iatrogenic. Nonetheless, research in both periods indicated the benefit of socially supportive environments in the hospital, while research on programs for deinstitutionalized patients and for homeless persons indicated the value of comparable features in community programs.

Research limitations/implications

While the process of deinstitutionalization is largely concluded, research should focus on identifying features of the social environment that can maximize rehabilitation.

Practical implications

The debate over the merits of hospital-based and community-based mental health services is misplaced; policies should instead focus on the alternatives for providing socially supportive environments. Deinstitutionalization in the absence of socially supportive programs has been associated with increased rates of homelessness and incarceration among those most chronically ill.

Originality/value

A comprehensive analysis of deinstitutionalization that highlights flaws in prior sociological perspectives and charts a new direction for scholarship.

Details

50 Years After Deinstitutionalization: Mental Illness in Contemporary Communities
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78560-403-4

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Article
Publication date: 16 March 2012

Bijan Bidabad

Governing principles of the world countries' current foreign policies are based on nationalism and in the realization of this aspiration, human rights in other countries are less…

525

Abstract

Purpose

Governing principles of the world countries' current foreign policies are based on nationalism and in the realization of this aspiration, human rights in other countries are less considered and demands of national interests on other issues are surpassed. Islam, in principle, is opposite to this approach. However, national interests are important in Islam, but Islam does not try to achieve this target by destruction of other countries and rights violations of their peoples. Interests of Islam's government are based on expediency of humankind as a whole and its foreign policy should be arranged in a way to fulfill this target. In this regard, the purpose of this paper is to introduce the basic principles of foreign policy in Islam based on the Sufi standpoint.

Design/methodology/approach

Islam aims to improve humanities based on moralities and spiritualities. Some principles for reaching this goal based on Islamic Sufism standpoints are provided.

Findings

In total, 32 principles are introduced.

Research limitations/implications

Comparative researches in other religions' Gnosticism will be helpful.

Practical implications

These principles can be used for applied debates in the field and be ended to new international regulations.

Social implications

Delicateness, truthfulness, and righteousness of Islamic Sufism, may turn the attentions of scholars and researchers to this viewpoint, and enable a new set of regulations to be codified.

Originality/value

Political scientists have not touched the topic from a Sufi point of view. This paper brings this approach to a new challenging arena.

Details

International Journal of Law and Management, vol. 54 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1754-243X

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