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Article
Publication date: 1 November 2002

David Corney

Computers have transformed the design of everything from cars to coffee cups. Now the food industry faces the same revolution, with intelligent computer models being used in the…

2630

Abstract

Computers have transformed the design of everything from cars to coffee cups. Now the food industry faces the same revolution, with intelligent computer models being used in the design, production and marketing of food products. The combined market capitalisation of the world’s biggest food, cosmetics, tobacco, clothing and consumer electronics companies is $2 trillion, forming the world’s 500 richest companies. Many of these “fast‐moving consumer goods” companies now apply intelligent computer models to the design, production and marketing of their products. Manufacturers aim to develop and produce high volumes of these commodities with minimum costs, maximum consumer appeal, and of course, maximum profits. Products have limited lifetimes following the fashions of the consumer‐driven marketplace. With food and drink, little is known about many of the underlying characteristics and processes. Product development and marketing must therefore be rapid, flexible and use raw data alongside existing expert knowledge. Intelligent systems, such as neural networks, fuzzy logic and genetic algorithms, mimic human skills such as the ability to learn from incomplete information, to adapt to changing circumstances, to explain their decisions and to cope with novel situations. These systems are being used to tackle a growing range of problems, from credit card fraud detection and stock market prediction to medical diagnosis and weather forecasting. This paper introduces intelligent systems and highlights their use in all aspects of the food and drink industry, from ingredient selection, through product design and manufacture, to packaging design and marketing.

Details

British Food Journal, vol. 104 no. 10
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0007-070X

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Article
Publication date: 25 August 2020

Akinlolu Temisola Mariam, Oladimeji Benedict Olalusi and Theo C. Haupt

This paper aims to present a meta-analysis and scientometric review to explore the intellectual evolution of research on the health and safety of women in construction, identify…

1037

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to present a meta-analysis and scientometric review to explore the intellectual evolution of research on the health and safety of women in construction, identify trends and research patterns and workplace stressors and hazards encountered by women in the construction industry.

Design/methodology/approach

A combination of scientometric analysis and meta-analysis was adopted to systematically review 32 relevant studies from 1984 to 2020, to provide a holistic review of research on women’s health and safety in construction aimed to identify the trend of research development. Techniques such as co-authorship, keyword co-occurring and cluster analysis were adopted.

Findings

Five main themes summarized by clustering focusing on Workplace Psychological Health, HIV/AIDS and Construction Work, Occupational Health and Safety Injuries, Gender Inclusivity and Sexism in Construction and Gender-specific Health and Safety Analysis. Findings revealed a slow growth in women’s health and safety research with the USA, South Africa, Australia and Japan leading research development. Additionally, the major stressors or hazards faced by women in construction were found to be biological related hazards.

Research limitations/implications

The findings of the study are limited, resulting from the use of one abstract and citation database.

Practical implications

Findings from the study provide insights to the health and safety challenges of women in construction and identifies of knowledge gaps in the existing literature could provide researchers and industry practitioners with a comprehensive insight into intellectual landscapes, potential research frontiers on technologies for women’s construction health and safety.

Originality/value

While numerous studies have focused on the health and safety of workers in the construction industry, research on women’s health and safety is lacking. The study adopted a scientometric and meta-analysis approach to explore the intellectual evolution and reflect the research status on the subject.

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Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology , vol. 19 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1726-0531

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 2006

Raymond C.W. Sung, Jonathan R. Corney, David P. Towers, Ian Black, Duncan P. Hand, Finlay McPherson, Doug E.R. Clark and Markus S. Gross

Aims to develop a greyscale “painting system” by enabling the physical reproduction of digital texture maps on arbitrary 3D objects selectively exposing “pixels” of photographic…

514

Abstract

Purpose

Aims to develop a greyscale “painting system” by enabling the physical reproduction of digital texture maps on arbitrary 3D objects selectively exposing “pixels” of photographic emulsion with a robot mounted light source.

Design/methodology/approach

After reviewing existing methods of “decorating” 3D components, the properties of photographic emulsion are introduced and the nature of the rendering process' pixels discussed. A proposed path planning algorithm, used to derive both the robot's movement and the exposure times directly from a VRML representation, is then presented.

Findings

Results obtained from successfully rendering images on the surface of a test object are presented.

Research limitations/implications

Limitations of current system include the overall process time and the inability to handle objects with concave geometry.

Originality/value

The system requires no bespoke production tooling and fills an automation gap in rapid prototyping and manufacturing technology that is currently occupied by hand painting.

Details

Industrial Robot: An International Journal, vol. 33 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0143-991X

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Article
Publication date: 21 February 2020

Margarita Pacis and Robert VanWynsberghe

The purpose of this paper is to posit that a key sustainability tool can help provide a needed guide for the many forms of new curricula for academic, public and professional…

2283

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to posit that a key sustainability tool can help provide a needed guide for the many forms of new curricula for academic, public and professional learning communities. The authors demonstrate that key sustainability competency (KSC) research can highlight and provide an array of learning outcomes that can be back cast to co-design flexible, detailed curriculum, pedagogy, practice and assessment structures. They also briefly outline the connection of KSC to education for sustainability (EfS) to provide the educational basis for designing and facilitating classrooms that contribute directly to the sustainability movement.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper is a review of literature with a specific focus on Glasser's (2018b) promising use of the tree as an analogy and metaphor for KSCs.

Findings

Some, for example, Glasser and Hirsh (2016) claim significant progress in identifying a KSC framework (Wiek et al., 2011) However, the authors raise concerns about the impasse that the literature has demonstrated because these stand in the way of the co-creation of sustainable societies by adjusting how we learn and interact with the world. The authors argue that we must realize and disrupt the destructive actions that form their usual approach and replace them with sustainable habits (Glasser, 2018a), and this requires the emergence of a new class of sustainability practitioners with the skills, attitudes and dispositions that are consistent with being wise, future-oriented, interdisciplinary and global decision-makers (Biasutti, 2015; Biasutti and Frate, 2016; Corney and Reid, 2007; McNaughton, 2012; Scoullos, 2013).

Research limitations/implications

Using Glasser’s metaphor, the authors assert a process through which the future sustainability practitioner might shift their values and understanding such that their habits and norms shift to create a new, sustainable way of being. The practitioner might demonstrate the competencies of implementing transformative change, modelling sustainable behaviour and wise decision-making. The competency of “empathy, mindfulness and social learning” implies critical reflection on one’s actions in comparison to their social context. Thus, reflection at this stage (tree branches and fruits) could create transformation that shifts one’s values and commitments (tree roots); the cyclical process could potentially begin again.

Practical implications

An adaptive and flexible framework of KSC could provide learning benefits by building the capacity for learners to think critically and tackle complex sustainability problems in novel ways (Brown, 2017; Glasser and Hirsh, 2016; Sterling et al., 2017; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) 2017; Vare and Scott, 2007). Innovation and knowledge generation are possible since the KSC could teach “students how to think, rather than what to think, while letting [them] apply this thinking to real-world sustainability problems” (Wiek and Kay, 2015, p. 29). Through the KSC, people could also learn how to transform knowledge into action in their communities (Sterling et al., 2017, p. 160) and create real-world change. This is important, since unsustainable habits that comprise the “business-as-usual” case must be replaced with life-affirming actions and facilitate a new way of being in the world. After all, “[g]ood ideas with no ideas on how to implement them are wasted ideas” (Scott, 2013, p. 275).

Social implications

The authors have asserted that the implementation of the KSC could have social benefits because its associated pedagogies aim to actively involve learners in transforming society. The sequence sees the individuals’ reflecting upon and evaluating one’s growth vis-à-vis KSC and promotes the development of learning and other habits that betters ones’ competencies (Rieckmann, 2012). Such reflection and empathy are more likely to be inherent to people who contribute to their own learning about the need to be truly compassionate for each other and the planet (Glasser and Hirsh, 2016). In achieving this level of empathy, it is a relatively simple matter then to understand that technology and policy alone are not adequately able to facilitate large-scale and positive change; unsustainability is a problem created by human action and therefore must be counteracted with theories of and solutions to unsustainable behaviours. Integrating a responsive KSC tool into higher education could help build the capacities, capabilities, competencies and eventually mastery and habits of mind and body that give rise to sustainable well-being societies.

Originality/value

The authors summarize and critique the KSC literature with an eye to creating a flexible and adaptive tool for individuals to chart their own path towards being a sustainability practitioner. The conceptual work herein is the first of its kind, and it will assist program who wish to accentuate contextual factors and individual learning objectives into their design.

Details

International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, vol. 21 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1467-6370

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Article
Publication date: 1 November 1982

When a correspondent complained in the columns of the Daily Telegraph of “a certain hotel” on the South Coast still requiring a tie to be worn in the restaurant, a letter came in…

46

Abstract

When a correspondent complained in the columns of the Daily Telegraph of “a certain hotel” on the South Coast still requiring a tie to be worn in the restaurant, a letter came in by express post next day stating unequivocally: “The ‘certain’ hotel referred to in your columns was the Royal Bath, Bournemouth—signed, David Lloyd‐Jones, General Manager.”

Details

Industrial Management & Data Systems, vol. 82 no. 11/12
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0263-5577

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Publication date: 14 December 2023

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Digitisation, AI and Algorithms in African Journalism and Media Contexts
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80455-135-6

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Article
Publication date: 1 September 1996

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Mental Health Review Journal, vol. 1 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1361-9322

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Article
Publication date: 27 July 2010

Heather Kissack

The purpose of this paper is to conceptually discuss whether and how feminine voice is muted within e‐mails in organizations; the implications of which are substantial and…

2229

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to conceptually discuss whether and how feminine voice is muted within e‐mails in organizations; the implications of which are substantial and far‐reaching for human resource development (HRD) professionals as well as the HRD field as a whole.

Design/methodology/approach

Utilizing the approach and arguments in muted group theory, the author conceptually applies these tenets to organizational e‐mail.

Findings

Current gender‐preferential research concentrates on the textual polarity of male‐ and female‐preferential language. These language differences carry over to organizational e‐mail despite the lack of contextual cues within e‐mail as well as the masculine nature of organizations. A critical assessment of these findings, rooted in muted group theory, reveals that women's voice is not merely marginalized (i.e. is present, but relegated to the margin), but it is mute (i.e. is not even present because it has no authentic language with which to use).

Research limitations/implications

Future research should concentrate on ways in which women remain muted and strategies to “un‐mute” them such that they are able to utilize a language reflective of their own experiences.

Practical implications

Diversity trainers who seek to incorporate diversity into organizations must look at the deeply entrenched assumptions of a culture that embraces likeness rather than difference. Many norms and taken for granted day to day procedures, such as e‐mail exchange, foster, and reinforce resistance to diversity.

Originality/value

The paper urges researchers, practitioners and academics to continue to analyze critically the muteness of women in organizations.

Details

Journal of European Industrial Training, vol. 34 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0309-0590

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Article
Publication date: 1 April 2003

Samir Baidoun

This paper presents the results of a questionnaire survey to investigate factors of quality that are absolutely essential for successful implementation in Palestinian…

2223

Abstract

This paper presents the results of a questionnaire survey to investigate factors of quality that are absolutely essential for successful implementation in Palestinian organizations. Out of a possible list of 78 names of organizations, 78 were targeted, with 78 usable questionnaires returned, thus giving a response rate of 100 per cent. The analysis led to the development of a criticality quality factor structure, comprising 19 factors sorted in descending order of criticality through three tiers. All of the factors were found to be supported by similar studies and quoted literatures.

Details

Logistics Information Management, vol. 16 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0957-6053

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Article
Publication date: 1 April 1978

Clive Bingley, Helen Moss, Clive Martin and Allan Bunch

I AM EARLY on parade this month, dear readers, because during the first week in March, when I should have constructed this column, I had a series of important meetings in a…

19

Abstract

I AM EARLY on parade this month, dear readers, because during the first week in March, when I should have constructed this column, I had a series of important meetings in a village called Alpbach to execute business contracts with ski‐instructors and hoteliers and the like. You people who work in the public domain don't realise the heavy pressures we businessmen have to face.

Details

New Library World, vol. 79 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0307-4803

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