Corporate managers have an increasing need for data on career paths, compensation, and staffing in corporation planning functions in order to better manage their own operations…
Abstract
Corporate managers have an increasing need for data on career paths, compensation, and staffing in corporation planning functions in order to better manage their own operations. At the same time, current and potential members of corporate planning staffs need similar information to better guide their careers and activities. This survey was conducted to meet an important part of the needs of both management and staff.
CLIF SPRINGER, Stuart Matlins and Gary Knisely
In the summer of 1980, a survey of chief corporate planners was conducted in order to update data collected in 1979 (reported in the Fall 1980 issue of The Journal of Business…
Abstract
In the summer of 1980, a survey of chief corporate planners was conducted in order to update data collected in 1979 (reported in the Fall 1980 issue of The Journal of Business Strategy) and to provide new data about additional aspects of the planning process.
The recent surge of strategic planning provides—at last—an outstanding opportunity to bring the field of manpower development into the “nuts and bolts” of the organization and…
Abstract
The recent surge of strategic planning provides—at last—an outstanding opportunity to bring the field of manpower development into the “nuts and bolts” of the organization and make a lasting contribution that can be measured. In the past, many pragmatic executives have questioned the value of such “programs” as manpower planning, management development, career counseling—and with good reason. Without the affirmation of organizational or business goals, it is impossible to evaluate—in a business sense—the return on dollars invested in such efforts.
H. GAN, P.L. LEVIN and C.A. BROWN
We present two models of the electric field for a canonical problem in electric discharge machining. In particular, an analytical solution based on optimal parameter estimation is…
Abstract
We present two models of the electric field for a canonical problem in electric discharge machining. In particular, an analytical solution based on optimal parameter estimation is discussed, followed by a comparison with numerical solutions based on finite elements and Galerkin boundary elements. The problem is interesting because the structure of the field near the sharp asperity is a critical parameter in realistic models of the electric discharge machining process.
Robert J. Kaminski and David W.M. Sorensen
Uses data on 1,550 nonlethal assaults recorded by Baltimore County Police Department. Examines factors that are associated with the likelihood of officer injury after an assault…
Abstract
Uses data on 1,550 nonlethal assaults recorded by Baltimore County Police Department. Examines factors that are associated with the likelihood of officer injury after an assault. Notes that factors affecting the probability of assault do not necessarily correspond with the factors that affect the likelihood of injury. Analyzes a broader spectrum of contributory factors than those addressed by other research. Finds inter alia that greater officer proficiency in unarmed defensive tactics may reduce their assault‐related injuries, since most incidents do not involve arms; that in‐service training should be biased toward less experienced officers who are at greater risk; that officer height is a significant variable; that many officers suffer multiple attacks; that domestic disturbances do not rank higher than other dangers, but that this may reflect the possibility that officers anticipate potential violence and take better precautions before attending the scene.
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Jasmina Ilicic and Stacey M. Brennan
This research aims to introduce an anxious product-shaking effect, whereby consumers regulate the emotion of anxiety (i.e. anxious, nervous and jittery) elicited through product…
Abstract
Purpose
This research aims to introduce an anxious product-shaking effect, whereby consumers regulate the emotion of anxiety (i.e. anxious, nervous and jittery) elicited through product packaging design by shaking a product, which decreases eating intentions and behavior. Shaking product interaction as a result of anxiety-inducing product packaging design is introduced as a strategy to counter emotional eating, as an effective preventive measure of obesity.
Design/methodology/approach
Three laboratory studies (Studies 1–3) and one online study (Study 4) are conducted. Study 1 examines the effect of anxiety-inducing product packaging design on product interaction (i.e. shaking vs pouring). Study 2 investigates whether product shaking is a form of emotional regulation to anxiety-inducing product packaging design. Study 3 explores the effect of emotional regulation suppression (i.e. pouring) and facilitation (i.e. shaking) on eating behavior. Study 4 examines the moderating role of phobia severity on the effect of anxiety-inducing product packaging on emotional regulation and the downstream consequences on eating intentions.
Findings
Results demonstrate that the presence of anxiety-eliciting product packaging design results in shaking of the product (Study 1) as a form of emotional regulation (Study 2). Results from Study 3 find that emotional regulation facilitation (i.e. shaking) decreases eating, while emotion regulation suppression (i.e. pouring) increases eating. Results of Study 4 show that when exposed to anxiety-inducing product packing design, those with low phobia severity are less likely to regulate their emotions, which subsequently increases their eating intentions.
Research limitations/implications
This research is limited as it focuses only on product interaction and consumption of food products.
Practical implications
This research has important implications for marketers and product managers, as well as public policymakers, in encouraging responsible consumption behaviors in consumers. Marketing, product managers and policymakers should consider packaging design to introduce anxiety-inducing imagery on the packaging itself as a way to encourage shaking emotional regulation and to reduce eating, especially of unhealthy foods such as confectionary.
Originality/value
This research introduces and provides evidence of an anxious product-shaking effect that can reduce consumption of unhealthy food products. Anxiety-inducing packaging design strategy results in the emotional regulation of product shaking, which can reduce eating intentions and behavior.
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The purpose of this paper is to develop a new finite-volume method of lines for one-dimensional reaction-diffusion equations that provides piece-wise analytical solutions in space…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop a new finite-volume method of lines for one-dimensional reaction-diffusion equations that provides piece-wise analytical solutions in space and is conservative, compare it with other finite-difference discretizations and assess the effects of the nonlinear diffusion coefficient on wave propagation.
Design/methodology/approach
A conservative, finite-volume method of lines based on piecewise integration of the diffusion operator that provides a globally continuous approximate solution and is second-order accurate is presented. Numerical experiments that assess the accuracy of the method and the time required to achieve steady state, and the effects of the nonlinear diffusion coefficients on wave propagation and boundary values are reported.
Findings
The finite-volume method of lines presented here involves the nodal values and their first-order time derivatives at three adjacent grid points, is linearly stable for a first-order accurate Euler’s backward discretization of the time derivative and has a smaller amplification factor than a second-order accurate three-point centered discretization of the second-order spatial derivative. For a system of two nonlinearly-coupled, one-dimensional reaction-diffusion equations, the amplitude, speed and separation of wave fronts are found to be strong functions of the dependence of the nonlinear diffusion coefficients on the concentration and temperature.
Originality/value
A new finite-volume method of lines for one-dimensional reaction-diffusion equations based on piecewise analytical integration of the diffusion operator and the continuity of the dependent variables and their fluxes at the cell boundaries is presented. The method may be used to study heat and mass transfer in layered media.
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Muhammad Arshad, Omer Farooq, Naheed Sultana and Mariam Farooq
The purpose of this paper is to examine the differentiated effects of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and social norms on individuals’ entrepreneurial intentions (EIs), through the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the differentiated effects of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and social norms on individuals’ entrepreneurial intentions (EIs), through the mediation of attitude toward entrepreneurship, by integrating the framework of gender schema theory with the theory of planned behavior. The authors posit that different factors stimulate the EIs of males and females, through attitude toward entrepreneurship, in developing countries.
Design/methodology/approach
Data are collected from graduating students of South Asia’s largest university. Structural equation modeling is used for model testing.
Findings
The results show that perceived entrepreneurial self-efficacy has a greater effect on the attitude of males toward entrepreneurship than on the attitude of females, but perceived social norms have a greater effect on female attitude toward entrepreneurship. Attitude toward entrepreneurship has a positive impact on EIs.
Originality/value
This is the first study of its nature which demonstrates that the EIs of males and females are induced by different factors. Where the social norms are the major factors in determining the EIs of the females, self-efficacy plays a vital role in predicting the EIs of their male counterparts. This study also attempts to clarify the relationship between self-efficacy, social norms, and EIs by positing entrepreneurial attitude as mediator. Moreover, it brings a fresh perspective through its setting in South Asia. By testing a model in the cultural setting of a developing country, this study differentiates the research from that conducted in the developed world.
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Ezlika M. Ghazali, Dilip S. Mutum, Jiu Hui Chong and Bang Nguyen
Mobile shopping is expected to emerge as a new way of shopping as the Asia Pacific region moves towards the digital era. It is important to understand factors that influence…
Abstract
Purpose
Mobile shopping is expected to emerge as a new way of shopping as the Asia Pacific region moves towards the digital era. It is important to understand factors that influence consumers’ intentions to adopt this new shopping channel, especially in developing countries such as Malaysia where it has the fastest growing mobile penetration rate in the world. The purpose of this paper is to integrate the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), and includes additional variables such as personal innovativeness (PI) and trust.
Design/methodology/approach
Empirical data from 453 consumers were tested against a proposed model using partial least squares structural equation modelling.
Findings
Findings suggest that most of the constructs in the model (i.e. trust, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, attitudes, PI and perceived behavioural control) influence a shopper’s intentions towards adopting mobile shopping. For example, consumers’ attitudes towards M-shopping adoption is higher if a system is not complex and easy to use; if consumers can easily pull out their mobile devices from their pockets to browse or shop by using just one finger, without a complicated process, they tend to use M-shopping channels. In addition, when mobile technology is user-friendly and free from mental effort, it creates positive perceptions that the system is useful, developing stronger intentions for consumers to adopt this alternative.
Originality/value
Since M-shopping is a personalised activity that involves money transactions, consumers are more cautious with adoption intentions, and do not follow social norms blindly. Thus, the empirical evidence from Malaysian consumers contributes to literature with insights into their specific m-shopping behaviour in this emerging market. In addition, from a theoretical perspective, the research model in this study integrates both TAM and TPB to provide a holistic view of consumers’ M-shopping adoption intentions in an emerging market, incorporating user-centric factors (i.e. trust and PI). An important finding which differs from other studies is that the relationship between subjective norms and behavioural intention to use M-shopping was not significant, which is contrary to the findings of previous studies. Moreover, attitude was found to mediate the effect of PEOU and PU on consumer’s intention towards mobile shopping adoption. The validated instrument would serve as a useful guideline for researchers during development and refinement of studies on M-shopping.
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Samir Al-Janabi and Ryszard Janicki
Data quality is a major challenge in data management. For organizations, the cleanliness of data is a significant problem that affects many business activities. Errors in data…
Abstract
Purpose
Data quality is a major challenge in data management. For organizations, the cleanliness of data is a significant problem that affects many business activities. Errors in data occur for different reasons, such as violation of business rules. However, because of the huge amount of data, manual cleaning alone is infeasible. Methods are required to repair and clean the dirty data through automatic detection, which are data quality issues to address. The purpose of this work is to extend the density-based data cleaning approach using conditional functional dependencies to achieve better data repair.
Design/methodology/approach
A set of conditional functional dependencies is introduced as an input to the density-based data cleaning algorithm. The algorithm repairs inconsistent data using this set.
Findings
This new approach was evaluated through experiments on real-world as well as synthetic datasets. The repair quality was determined using the F-measure. The results showed that the quality and scalability of the density-based data cleaning approach improved when conditional functional dependencies were introduced.
Originality/value
Conditional functional dependencies capture semantic errors among data values. This work demonstrates that the density-based data cleaning approach can be improved in terms of repairing inconsistent data by using conditional functional dependencies.